Monogami
Monogami ialah satu bentuk perkahwinan yang melibatkan satu individu mempunyai hanya satu pasangan sepanjang hidup atau pada mana-mana satu masa (monogami siri), jika dibandingkan dengan poligami atau poliamori.[1] Dalam kegunaan kini, monogami kerap merujuk pemilikan satu pasangan seksual tanpa mengira perkahwinan atau pembiakan. Istilah ini juga digunakan untuk tingkah laku sosial sesetengah haiwan, merujuk keadaan pemilikan hanya satu pasangan pada mana-mana satu masa.
Etimologi sunting
Perkataan monogami datang daripada perkataan bahasa Yunani "μονός", monos yang bererti satu atau sendiri, dan "γάμος", gamos yang bererti perkahwinan.[1]
Lihat juga sunting
Rujukan sunting
- ^ a b Cf. "Monogamy" in Britannica World Language Dictionary, R.C. Preble (ed.), Oxford-London 1962, p. 1275:1. The practice or principle of marrying only once. opp. to digamy now rare 2. The condition, rule or custom of being married to only one person at a time (opp. to polygamy or bigamy) 1708. 3. Zool. The habit of living in pairs, or having only one mate; The same text repeats The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary, W. Little, H.W. Fowler, J. Coulson (ed.), C.T. Onions (rev. & ed.,) Oxford 1969, 3rd edition, vol.1, p.1275; OED Online. March 2010. Oxford University Press. 23 Jun 2010 Cf. Monogamy in Merriam-Webster Dictionary
Bibliografi sunting
- de Vaux R. O.P. (1973). "Marriage - 1. Polygamy and monogamy". Ancient Israel. Its Life and Institutions. London: Darton, Longman & Todd. m/s. 24–26. ISBN 0-232-51219-1.
- John Paul II (2006). Man and Woman He created Them. A Theology of the Body 1,2-4. M. Waldstein (trans.). Boston: Paoline Books & Media. m/s. 132–133. ISBN 0-8198-7421-3.
- "Marriage". Encyclopaedia Judaica. 11. Jerusalem-New York: Encyclopaedia Judaica Jerusalem — The MacMillan Company. 1971. m/s. 1026–1051.
- "Monogamy". Encyclopaedia Judaica. 12. Jerusalem-New York: Encyclopaedia Judaica Jerusalem — The MacMillan Company. 1971. m/s. 258–260.
- Pinch Geraldine, Private Life in Ancient Egypt in: J. M. Sasson, J. Baines, G. Beckman, K. S. Rubinson (assist. ed.), penyunting (1995). Civilizations of the Ancient Near East. 1. New York: Simon & Schuster Macmillan. m/s. 363–381. ISBN 0-684-19720-0.CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link)
- Stol Marten: Private Life in Ancient Mesopotamia, in: J. M. Sasson, J. Baines, G. Beckman, K. S. Rubinson (assist. ed.), penyunting (1995). Civilizations of the Ancient Near East. 1. New York: Simon & Schuster Macmillan. m/s. 486–501. ISBN 0-684-19720-0.CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link).
- Wojtyła, Karol (1981). "Marriage. Monogamy and the indissolubility of Marriage". Love and Responsibility. San Francisco: Ignatius Press. m/s. 211–216. ISBN 0-89870-445-6.
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- Barash, David P., and Lipton, Judith Eve. The Myth of Monogamy: Fidelity and Infidelity in Animals and People. New York: W. H. Freeman and Co./Henry Hold and Co., 2001. ISBN 0-8050-7136-9.
- Kleiman DG (1977). "Monogamy in mammals". Q Rev Biol. 52 (1): 39–69. doi:10.1086/409721. PMID 857268. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (bantuan) - Lehrman, Sally. "The Virtues of Promiscuity". 22 Julai 2002. AlterNet. Dicapai pada 21 Julai 2008. On studies showing social and genetic benefits of promiscuity.
- Lim, Miranda M.; dll. (Jun 2004). "Enhanced Partner Preference in a Promiscuous Species by Manipulating the Expression of a Single Gene". Nature. 429 (6993): 754–7. doi:10.1038/nature02539. PMID 15201909. Explicit use of et al. in:
|author=(bantuan) - Reichard, Ulrich H., and Christophe Boesch (eds.). Monogamy: Mating Strategies and Partnerships in Birds, Humans and Other Mammals. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2003. ISBN 0-521-81973-3, ISBN 0-521-52577-2.
- Burnham, Phelan, Terry, Jay (2000). Mean Genes: from Sex to Money to Food, Taming Our Primal Instincts (ed. First). Cambridge, MA: Cambridge, MA: Perseus Pub. ISBN 0-14-200007-8.
- Lathrop GM, Huntsman JW, Hooper AB, Ward RH (1983). "Evaluating pedigree data. II. Identifying the cause of error in families with inconsistencies". Hum. Hered. 33 (6): 377–89. PMID 6585347.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
- Roth Martha T., Age at Marriage and the Household: A Study of the Neo-Babylonian and Neo-Assyrian Forms, “Comparative Studies in Society and History” 29 (1987), and Babylonian Marriage Agreements 7th–3rd Centuries BC (1989)