Senarai Presiden Amerika Syarikat

rencana senarai Wikimedia

Presiden Amerika Syarikat ialah ketua negara dan ketua kerajaan Amerika Syarikat. Presiden mengetuai cawangan eksekutif kerajaan persekutuan dan merupakan ketua komander Angkatan Tentera Amerika Syarikat. Presiden dilantik untuk penggal selama empat tahun oleh rakyat melalui Badan Perwakilan Pemilih (atau oleh Dewan Perwakilan jika Badan Perwakilan Pemilih gagal untuk memberi undi majoriti mutlak kepada mana-mana calon).

Sejak penubuhan jawatan ini pada tahun 1789, 45 orang telah berkhidmat sebagai presiden. Presiden pertama, George Washington, memenangi undian sebulat suara Badan Perwakilan Pemilih. Grover Cleveland berkhidmat untuk dua penggal berasingan dan dikira sebagai presiden ke–22 dan ke–24. William Henry Harrison mempunyai tempoh paling singkat sebagai presiden selepas beliau meninggal dunia 31 hari selepas menjawat jawatan ini pada tahun 1841. Franklin D. Roosevelt berkhidmat paling lama, lebih daripada dua belas tahun sebelum meninggal dunia semasa awal penggal keempat beliau pada tahun 1945. Beliau merupakan satu-satunya presiden untuk berkhidmat lebih daripada dua penggal. Sejak pengesahan Pindaan ke-22 kepada Perlembagaan Amerika Syarikat pada tahun 1951, tiada orang yang boleh dilantik menjadi presiden lebih daripada dua kali dan tiada orang yang telah berkhidmat lebih daripada dua tahun semasa penggal orang lain boleh dilantik lebih daripada sekali.[1]

Daripada individu-individu yang dilantik sebagai presiden, empat meninggal dunia semasa menjawat jawatan atas sebab-sebab semula jadi (William Henry Harrison,[2] Zachary Taylor,[3] Warren G. Harding,[4] dan Franklin D. Roosevelt), empat dibunuh (Abraham Lincoln,[5] James A. Garfield,[5][6] William McKinley,[7] dan John F. Kennedy) dan seorang meletak jawatan (Richard Nixon).[8]

Senarai Presiden sunting

      Tiada Parti       Persekutuan       Demokrat-Republikan       Demokrat       Whig       Republikan       Kesatuan Kebangsaan

Tempoh Presiden Jawatan terdahulu Parti Pilihan raya Naib Presiden
1 30 April 1789

4 Mac 1797
  George Washington
1732–1799

[9][10][11]
Ketua Komander
Angkatan Tentera Benua

(1775–1783)
  Tiada Parti
[12]
1
(1788–89)
John Adams
2
(1792)
2 4 Mac 1797

4 Mac 1801
  John Adams
1735–1826
[13][14][15]
Naib Presiden Amerika Syarikat
Pertama
  Persekutuan 3
(1796)
Thomas Jefferson
3 4 Mac 1801

4 Mac 1809
  Thomas Jefferson
1743–1826
[16][17][18]
Naib Presiden Amerika Syarikat
ke–2
  Demokrat-
Republikan
4
(1800)
Aaron Burr
4 Mac 18014 Mac 1805
5
(1804)
George Clinton
4 Mac 18054 Mac 1809
4 4 Mac 1809

4 Mac 1817
  James Madison
1751–1836
[19][20][21]
Setiausaha Negara Amerika Syarikat
ke–5

(1801–1809)
  Demokrat-
Republikan
6
(1808)
George Clinton
4 Mac 180920 April 1812
Jawatan dikosongkan
(Baki penggal Clinton)
7
(1812)
Elbridge Gerry
4 Mac 181323 November 1814
Jawatan dikosongkan
(Baki penggal Gerry)
5 4 Mac 1817

4 Mac 1825
  James Monroe
1758–1831
[22][23][24]
Setiausaha Negara Amerika Syarikat
ke–7

(1811–1817)
  Demokrat-
Republikan
8
(1816)
Daniel D. Tompkins
9
(1820)
6 4 Mac 1825

4 Mac 1829
  John Quincy Adams
1767–1848
[25][26][27]
Setiausaha Negara Amerika Syarikat
ke–8

(1817–1825)
  Demokrat-
Republikan
10
(1824)
John C. Calhoun
7 4 Mac 1829

4 Mac 1837
  Andrew Jackson
1767–1845
[28][29][30]
Senator Amerika Syarikat dari Tennessee
(1823–1825)
Demokrat 11
(1828)
John C. Calhoun
4 Mac 18298 Disember 1832
Jawatan dikosongkan
(Baki penggal Calhoun)
12
(1832)
Martin Van Buren
4 Mac 18334 Mac 1837
8 4 Mac 1837

4 Mac 1841
  Martin Van Buren
1782–1862
[31][32][33]
Naib Presiden Amerika Syarikat
ke–8
Demokrat 13
(1836)
Richard Mentor Johnson
9 4 Mac 1841

4 April 1841
  William Henry Harrison
1773–1841
[34][35][36]
Menteri Amerika Syarikat ke Colombia
(1828–1829)
  Whig 14
(1840)
John Tyler
10 4 April 1841

4 Mac 1845
  John Tyler
1790–1862
[37][38][39]
Naib Presiden Amerika Syarikat
ke–10
  Whig
4 April 184113 September 1841
Jawatan dikosongkan
Tiada
13 September 18414 Mac 1845
11 4 Mac 1845

4 Mac 1849
  James K. Polk
1795–1849
[40][41][42]
Gabenor Tennessee
ke–9

(1839–1841)
Demokrat 15
(1844)
George M. Dallas
12 4 Mac 1849

9 Julai 1850
  Zachary Taylor
1784–1850
[43][44][45]
Jeneral Utama Infantri Rejiman Pertama
Tentera Darat Amerika Syarikat
(1846–1849)
  Whig 16
(1848)
Millard Fillmore
13 9 Julai 1850

4 Mac 1853
  Millard Fillmore
1800–1874
[46][47][48]
Naib Presiden Amerika Syarikat
ke–12
  Whig Jawatan dikosongkan
14 4 Mac 1853

4 Mac 1857
  Franklin Pierce
1804–1869
[49][50][51]
Brigadier Jeneral Infantri ke–9
Tentera Darat Amerika Syarikat
(1847–1848)
Demokrat 17
(1852)
William R. King
4 Mac 185318 April 1853
Jawatan dikosongkan
(Baki penggal King)
15 4 Mac 1857

4 Mac 1861
  James Buchanan
1791–1868
[52][53][54]
Menteri Amerika Syarikat ke
Mahkamah St James
(1853–1856)
Demokrat 18
(1856)
John C. Breckinridge
16 4 Mac 1861

15 April 1865
  Abraham Lincoln
1809–1865
[55][56][57]
Perwakilan Amerika Syarikat untuk Daerah ke–7 Illinois
(1847–1849)
Republikan
(Kesatuan Kebangsaan)
19
(1860)
Hannibal Hamlin
4 Mac 18614 Mac 1865
  20
(1864)
Andrew Johnson
4 Mac 186515 April 1865
17 15 April 1865

4 Mac 1869
  Andrew Johnson
1808–1875
[58][59][60]
Naib Presiden Amerika Syarikat
ke–16
  Kesatuan Kebangsaan
(Demokrat)
Jawatan dikosongkan
18 4 Mac 1869

4 Mac 1877
  Ulysses S. Grant
1822–1885
[61][62][63]
Jeneral Pemerintah Tentera Darat Amerika Syarikat
(1864–1869)
Republikan 21
(1868)
Schuyler Colfax
4 Mac 18694 Mac 1873
22
(1872)
Henry Wilson
4 Mac 187322 November 1875
Jawatan dikosongkan
(Baki penggal Wilson)
19 4 Mac 1877

4 Mac 1881
  Rutherford B. Hayes
1822–1893
[64][65][66]
Gabenor Ohio
ke–29 & ke–32

(1868–1872 & 1876–1877)
Republikan 23
(1876)
William A. Wheeler
20 4 Mac 1881

19 September 1881
  James A. Garfield
1831–1881
[67][68][69]
Perwakilan Amerika Syarikat untuk Daerah ke–19 Ohio
(1863–1881)
Republikan 24
(1880)
Chester A. Arthur
21 19 September 1881

4 Mac 1885
  Chester A. Arthur
1829–1886
[70][71][72]
Naib Presiden Amerika Syarikat
ke–20
Republikan Jawatan dikosongkan
22 4 Mac 1885

4 Mac 1889
  Grover Cleveland
1837–1908
[73][74]
Gabenor New York
ke–28

(1883–1885)
Demokrat 25
(1884)
Thomas A. Hendricks
4 Mac 188525 November 1885
Jawatan dikosongkan
(Baki penggal Hendricks)
23 4 Mac 1889

4 Mac 1893
  Benjamin Harrison
1833–1901
[75][76][77]
Senator Amerika Syarikat dari Indiana
(1881–1887)
Republikan 26
([1888)
Levi P. Morton
24 4 Mac 1893

4 Mac 1897
  Grover Cleveland
1837–1908
[73][74]
Presiden Amerika Syarikat
ke–22

(1885–1889)
Demokrat 27
(1892)
Adlai Stevenson
25 4 Mac 1897

14 September 1901
  William McKinley
1843–1901
[78][79][80]
Gabenor Ohio
ke–39

(1892–1896)
Republikan 28
(1896)
Garret Hobart
4 Mac 189721 November 1899
Jawatan dikosongkan
(Baki penggal Hobart)
29
(1900)
Theodore Roosevelt
4 Mac 190114 September 1901
26 14 September 1901

4 Mac 1909
  Theodore Roosevelt
1858–1919
[81][82][83]
Naib Presiden Amerika Syarikat
ke–25
Republikan Jawatan dikosongkan
14 September 19014 Mac 1905
30
(1904)
Charles W. Fairbanks
4 Mac 19054 Mac 1909
27 4 Mac 1909

4 Mac 1913
  William Howard Taft
1857–1930
[84][85][86]
Setiausaha Perang Amerika Syarikat
ke–42

(1904–1908)
Republikan 31
(1908)
James S. Sherman
4 Mac 190930 Oktober 1912
Jawatan dikosongkan
(Baki penggal Sherman)
28 4 Mac 1913

4 Mac 1921
  Woodrow Wilson
1856–1924
[87][88][89]
Gabenor New Jersey
ke–34

(1911–1913)
Demokrat 32
(1912)
Thomas R. Marshall
33
(1916)
29 4 Mac 1921

2 Ogos 1923
  Warren G. Harding
1865–1923
[90][91][92]
Senator Amerika Syarikat dari Ohio
(1915–1921)
Republikan 34
(1920)
Calvin Coolidge
30 2 Ogos 1923

4 Mac 1929
  Calvin Coolidge
1872–1933
[93][94][95]
Naib Presiden Amerika Syarikat
ke–29
Republikan Jawatan dikosongkan
2 Ogos 19234 Mac 1925
35
(1924)
Charles G. Dawes
4 Mac 19254 Mac 1929
31 4 Mac 1929

4 Mac 1933
  Herbert Hoover
1874–1964
[96][97][98]
Setiausaha Perdagangan Amerika Syarikat
ke–3

(1921–1928)
Republikan 36
(1928)
Charles Curtis
32 4 Mac 1933

12 April 1945
  Franklin D. Roosevelt
1882–1945
[99][100][101]
Gabenor New York
ke–44

(1929–1932)
Demokrat 37
(1932)
John Nance Garner
4 Mac 193320 Januari 1941
38
(1936)
39
(1940)
Henry A. Wallace
20 Januari 194120 Januari 1945
40
(1944)
Harry S. Truman
20 Januari12 April 1945
33 12 April 1945

20 Januari 1953
  Harry S. Truman
1884–1972
[102][103][104]
Naib Presiden Amerika Syarikat
ke–34
Demokrat Jawatan dikosongkan
12 April 194520 Januari 1949
41
(1948)
Alben W. Barkley
20 Januari 194920 Januari 1953
34 20 Januari 1953

20 Januari 1961
  Dwight D. Eisenhower
1890–1969
[105][106][107]
Komander Tertinggi Bersekutu Eropah
(1949–1952)
Republikan 42
(1952)
Richard Nixon
43
(1956)
35 20 Januari 1961

22 November 1963
  John F. Kennedy
1917–1963
[108][109][110]
Senator Amerika Syarikat dari Massachusetts
(1953–1960)
Demokrat 44
(1960)
Lyndon B. Johnson
36 22 November 1963

20 Januari 1969
  Lyndon B. Johnson
1908–1973
[111][112]
Naib Presiden Amerika Syarikat
ke–37
Demokrat Jawatan dikosongkan
22 November 196320 Januari 1965
45
(1964)
Hubert Humphrey
20 Januari 196520 Januari 1969
37 20 Januari 1969

9 Ogos 1974
  Richard Nixon
1913–1994
[113][114][115]
Naib Presiden Amerika Syarikat
ke–36

(1953–1961)
Republikan 46
(1968)
Spiro Agnew
20 Januari 196910 Oktober 1973
47
(1972)
Jawatan dikosongkan
10 Oktober 19736 Disember 1973
Gerald Ford
6 Disember 19739 Ogos 1974
38 9 Ogos 1974

20 Januari 1977
  Gerald Ford
1913–2006
[116][117][118]
Naib Presiden Amerika Syarikat
ke–40
Republikan Jawatan dikosongkan
9 Ogos 197419 Disember 1974
Nelson Rockefeller
19 Disember 197420 Januari 1977
39 20 Januari 1977

20 Januari 1981
  Jimmy Carter
Lahir 1924
(99 tahun)
[119][120][121]
Gabenor Georgia
ke–76

(1971–1975)
Demokrat 48
(1976)
Walter Mondale
40 20 Januari 1981

20 Januari 1989
  Ronald Reagan
1911–2004
[122][123][124]
Gabenor California
ke–33

(1967–1975)
Republikan 49
(1980)
George H. W. Bush
50
(1984)
41 20 Januari 1989

20 Januari 1993
  George H. W. Bush
1924–2018
[125][126][127]
Naib Presiden Amerika Syarikat
ke–43
Republikan 51
(1988)
Dan Quayle
42 20 Januari 1993

20 Januari 2001
  Bill Clinton
Lahir 1946
(77 tahun)
[128][129][130]
Gabenor Arkansas
ke–40 & ke–42

(1979–1981 & 1983–1992)
Demokrat 52
(1992)
Al Gore
53
(1996)
43 20 Januari 2001

20 Januari 2009
  George W. Bush
Lahir 1946
(77 tahun)
[131][132]
Gabenor Texas
ke–46

(1995–2000)
Republikan 54
(2000)
Dick Cheney
55
(2004)
44 20 Januari 2009

20 Januari 2017
  Barack Obama
Lahir 1961
(62 tahun)
[133][134]
Senator Amerika Syarikat dari Illinois
(2005–2008)
Demokrat 56
(2008)
Joe Biden
57
(2012)
45 20 Januari 2017

20 Januari 2021
  Donald Trump
Lahir 1946
(77 tahun)
[135]
Pengerusi
The Trump Organization
(1971–2017)
Republikan 58
(2016)
Mike Pence
46 20 Januari 2021

kini
  Joe Biden
Lahir 1942
(81 tahun)
Naib Presiden Amerika Syarikat
(2009–2017)
Demokrat 59
(2020)
Kamala Harris

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