Senarai formula enakmen

Formula enakmen, atau klausa enakmen, adalah satu kata-kata pendek (seperti tetapi bukan mukadimah) yang memperkenalkan peruntukan-peruntukan utama undang-undang yang dikuatkuasakan badan perundangan. Ia lazimnya mengistiharkan sumber di mana undang-undang itu mendapat kuasanya. Dalam negara lain formula enakmen tidak dianggap perlu dan diabaikan.

Formula enakmen paling mudah hanya menyatakan badan perundangan yang mana undang-undang terpakai, sebagai contoh di Malaysia semenjak tahun 1995 formula yang terpakai adalah "DIPERBUAT oleh Parlimen Malaysia seperti berikut:". Secara alternatifnya suatu formula enakmen boleh merujuk kepada komponen-komponen satu perundangan seperti formula enakmen yang terpakai di Malaysia sebelum tahun 1995:

MAKA INILAH DIPERBUAT UNDANG-UNDANG oleh Seri Paduka Baginda Yang di-Pertuan Agong dengan nasihat dan persetujian Dewan Negara dan Dewan Rakyat yang bersidang dalam Parlimen, dan dengan kuasa daripadanya, seperti berikut:

Meskipun kebanyakan formlua enakmen menggariskan badan perundangan sebagai sumber kuasa undang-undang, sesetengahnya mengikut seperti yang dikonsepkan dalam kedaulatan rakyat, dan memetik 'rakyat'. Sebagai contoh di California, formula enakmen adalah "Rakyat Negeri California membuat seperti berikut:".

Badan perundangan nasional

• Parlimen Antigua dan Barbuda: "DIPERBUAT oleh Parlimen Antigua dan Barbuda seperti berikut:"

• Kongres Nasional Argentina: "Senat dan Dewan Penolong Kanan Negara Argentina, dalam Kongres bersidang, mengistihar atau membuat sebagai undang-undang:" (Sepanyol: "El Senado y Cámara de Diputados de la Nación Argentina, reunidos en Congreso,... decretan o sancionan con fuerza de ley.")

• Parlimen Australia: "Parlimen Australia membuat:" (Inggeris: "The Parliament of Australia enacts:")
  • Sebelum Oktober 1990: "INILAH UNDANG-UNDANG yang diperbuat oleh Ratu [Raja], dan Senat dan Dewan Perwakilan Komenwel Australia, seperti berikut:" (Inggeris: "BE IT ENACTED by the Queen [King], and the Senate and the House of Representatives of the Commonwealth of Australia, as follows:")
  • 1901–?: "INILAH UNDANG-UNDANG yang diperbuat oleh Ratu [Raja] yang Teramat Mulia, dan Senat dan Dewan Perwakilan Komenwel Australia, seperti berikut:" (Inggeris): "BE IT ENACTED by the King's [Queen's] Most Excellent Majesty, the Senate and the House of Representatives of the Commonwealth of Australia, as follows:")

• Parlimen Barbados: "DIPERBUAT oleh Parlimen Barbados seperti berikut:"

• Parlimen Bahamas: "Diperbuat oleh Parlimen Bahamas:"

• Parlimen Belize: "INILAH UNDANG-UNDANG YANG DIPERBUAT, oleh dan dengan nasihat dan persetujuan Dewan Perwakilan dan Senat Belize dan dengan kuasa daripadanya, seperti berikut:-"

• Parlimen Bermuda: "Maka inilah undang-undang yang diperbuat oleh Ratu yang Teramat Mulia, oleh dan dengan nasihat dan persetujuan Senat dan Dewan Perwakilan Bermuda, dan dengan kuasa daripadanya, seperti berikut:"

• Kongres Nasional Brazil: "PRESIDEN REPUBLIK: Saya menyatakan dengan ini bahawa Kongres Nasional telah mengistihar, dan saya menyetujui, undang-undang yang berikut:" (Portugis: "O PRESIDENTE DA REPÚBLICA: Faço saber que o Congresso Nacional decreta e eu sanciono a seguinte Lei:"). Apabila presiden mengveto satu rang undang-undang, dan veto itu telah digagalkan, formulanya adalah lain.

• Parlimen Kanada: "Ratu Mulia, oleh dan dengan nasihat dan persetujuan Senat dan Dewan Perwakilan Kanada, membuat seperti berikut:" (Inggeris: "Her Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate and House of Commons of Canada, enacts as follows:") (Perancis): "Sa Majesté, sur l'avis et avec le consentement du Sénat et de la Chambre des communes du Canada, édicte:")

• Parlimen Perancis: "Dewan Kebangsaan dan Senat telah memakai, Presiden Republik menguatkuasakan undang-undang berikut:" (Perancis: "L'Assemblée nationale et le Sénat ont adopté, Le Président de la République promulgue la loi dont la teneur suit:")

• Bundestag Jerman:
  • Untuk Akta-akta yang tidak memerlukan persetujuan Bundesrat: "Bundestag telah memakai Akta berikut. Hak perlembagaan Bundesrat telah dipatuhi." (Jerman: "Der Bundestag hat folgendes Gesetz beschlossen. Die verfassungsmäßigen Rechte des Bundestages sind gewahrt").
  • Untuk Akta yang memerlukan persetujuan Bundesrat: "Bundestag telah, dengan persetujuan Bundesrat, memakai Akta berikut." ("Der Bundestag hat mit Zustimmung des Bundesrates folgendes Gesetz beschlossen").

• Parlimen Grenada: "Inilah undang-undang yang diperbuat oleh Ratu yang Teramat Mulia, oleh dan dengan nasihat dan persetujuan Senat dan Dewan Perwakilan Grenada, dan dengan kuasa daripadanya, seperti berikut:—"

• Parlimen India: "Inilah undang-undang Parlimen dalam [tahun-tahun semenjak 1950] Tahun Republik India seperti berikut" (Inggeris: "BE it enacted by Parliament in the [tahun-tahun semenjak 1950] Year of the Republic of India as follows:—")

• Oireachtas Ireland
  • Piawai:

Semenjak tahun 1937: "Inilah undang-undang yang diperbuat oleh Oireachtas seperti berikut:—" (Ireland: "Achtaitear ag an Oireachtas mar a leanas:—")

1922-1937: "Inilah undang-undang yang diperbuat oleh Oireachtas Saorstát Éireann as follows:—" (Ireland: "Achtuigheadh Oireachtas Shaorstáit Éireann mar leanas:—")

• Untuk satu akta dengan mukadimah:

Semenjak tahun 1937: "Maka inilah undang-undang yang diperbuat oleh Oireachtas seperti berikut:—" (Ireland: "Achtuigheadh an tOireachtas ar an ábhar san mar leanas:—")

1922-1937: "Maka inilah undang-undang yand diperbuat oleh Oireachtas Saorstát Éireann as follows:—" (Ireland: Achtuigheadh Oireachtas Shaorstáit Éireann ar an ábhar san mar leanas:—")

• Parlimen Jamaica: "INILAH UNDANG-UNDANG YANG DIPERBUAT oleh Ratu yang Teramat Mulia, oleh dan dengan nasihat dan persetujuan Senat dan Dewan Perwakilan Jamaica, dan dengan kuasa daripadanya, seperti berikut:-"

• Parlimen Malaysia:
  • Sebelum tahun 1995:"MAKA INILAH DIPERBUAT UNDANG-UNDANG oleh Duli Yang Maha Mulia Seri Paduka Baginda Yang di-Pertuan Agong dengan nasihat dan persetujuan Dewan Negara dan Dewan Rakyat yang bersidang dalam Parlimen, dan dengan kuasa daripadanya, seperti berikut:–"
  • Semenjak tahun 1995: "DIPERBUAT oleh Parlimen Malaysia seperti berikut:-"

• Parlimen Malta: "INILAH UNDANG-UNDANG yang diperbuat oleh Presiden, oleh dan dengan nasihat dan persetujuan Dewan Perwakilan dalam Parlimen ini bersidang, dan dengan kuasa daripadanya, seperti berikut:"

• Kongres Mexico: "Kongres Negeri-negeri Mexico Bersatu menisytihar..."

• Parlimen Republik Moldova: "Parlimen mengadaptasikan undang-undang ini:" (Romania: "Parlamentul adoptă prezenta lege:")

• Estates-General of the Netherlands: "Kami Beatrix [iaitu nama kedaulatan], dengan Keredhaan Tuhan, Ratu [Raja] Belanda, Puteri [Putera] Orange-Nassau, dll., dll., dll. Selamat sejahtera kepada semua yang melihat atau mendengar Persembahan ini! Biarlah diketahui:" (di sini letaknya tujuan undang-undang), maka "Dengan demikiannya Kami, setelah mendengar Majlis Negara, dan dengan nasihat Jeneral Negara, telah menyetujui dan memahami semasa Kami menyetujui dan memahami seperti berikut:" (Belanda: "Wij Beatrix [iaitu nama kedaulatan], bij de gratie Gods, Koningin [Koning] der Nederlanden, Prinses [Prins] van Oranje-Nassau, enz. enz. enz. Allen, die deze zullen zien of horen lezen, saluut! doen te weten:...Zo is het, dat Wij, de Raad van State gehoord, en met gemeen overleg der Staten-Generaal, hebben goedgevonden en verstaan, gelijk Wij goedvinden en verstaan bij deze:")

• Parlimen New Zealand: "Parlimen New Zealand membuat seperti berikut:-" (Inggeris: "The Parliament of New Zealand enacts as follows:-")
  • 1986-1999: "MAKA INILAH UNDANG-UNDANG yang diperbuat oleh Parlimen New Zealand seperti berikut:-" (Inggeris: "BE IT ENACTED by the Parliament of New Zealand as follows:-")
  • Before 1986: "MAKA INILAH UNDANG-UNDANG yang diperbuat oleh Perhimpunan Am New Zealand dalam Parlimen ini bersidang, dan dengan kuasa daripadanya, seperti berikut:-" (Inggeris: "BE IT ENACTED by the General Assembly of New Zealand in Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:-")

• Perhimpunan Nasional Nigeria: "DIPERBUAT oleh Perhimpunan Nasional Republik Persekutuan Nigeria"

• Kongres Peru: "Kongres Republik telah memberi undang-undang berikut" (Sepanyol: "El Congreso de la Republica ha dado la Ley siguiente")

• Parlimen Romania: "Parlimen Romania mengunapakai undang-undang berikut" (Romania: "Parlamentul României adoptă prezenta lege")

• Parliament of Saint Kitts and Nevis: "BE IT ENACTED by the Queen's Most Excellent Majesty by and with the advice and consent of the National Assembly of Saint Christopher and Nevis, and by the authority of the same as follows:-"

• Parliament of Saint Lucia: "BE IT ENACTED by the Queen’s Most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the House of Assembly and the Senate of Saint Lucia, and by the authority of the same, as follows:"

• Parliament of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: "BE IT ENACTED by the Queen's Most Excellent Majesty by and with the advice and consent of the House of Assembly of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and by the authority of the same, as follows:-"

• National Parliament of the Solomon Islands: "ENACTED by the National Parliament of Solomon Islands."

• Parliament of South Africa: "BE IT ENACTED by the Parliament of the Republic of South Africa, as follows:—" (when preceded by a Preamble, "THEREFORE" is inserted as the formula's third word)

• Cortes Generales of Spain:
  • For Constitutions: "Juan Carlos I [Name of the king/queen], King [Queen] of Spain, to all who should see and understand this act, know: That the Cortes Generales have approved and the people of Spain have ratified the following Constitution" (Spanish: "Juan Carlos I [Name of the king/queen], Rey [Reina] de España, a todos los que la presente vieren y entendieren, sabed: Que las Cortes Generales han aprobado y el pueblo español ratificado la siguiente Constitución").
  • For Organic acts: "Juan Carlos I [Name of the king/queen], King [Queen] of Spain, to all who should see and understand this act, know: That the Cortes Generales have approved and I come from enacting the following Organic act" (Spanish: "Juan Carlos I [Name of the king/queen], Rey [Reina] de España, a todos los que la presente vieren y entendieren, sabed: Que las Cortes Generales han aprobado y Yo vengo en sancionar la siguiente Ley Orgánica").
  • For standard acts: "Juan Carlos I [Name of the king/queen], King [Queen] of Spain, to all who should see and understand this act, know: That the Cortes Generales have approved and I come from enacting the following Act" (Spanish: "Juan Carlos I [Name of the king/queen], Rey [Reina] de España, a todos los que la presente vieren y entendieren, sabed: Que las Cortes Generales han aprobado y Yo vengo en sancionar la siguiente Ley").

• National Assembly of Thailand:

• Constitution: "May there be virtue. Today is the [e.g. eleventh] day of the [e.g. ninth] month of the year of the [e.g. pig] under the lunar calendar, being [e.g. Friday], the [e.g. twenty fourth] day of [e.g. August] under the solar calendar, in the [e.g. 2550th] Year of the Buddhist Era.

"Phra Bat Somdet Phra Poramin Maha Bhumibol Adulyadej Mahitalathibet Ramathibodi Chakkrinaruebodin Sayaminthrathirat Borommanatbophit [Name of the King in full title] is graciously pleased to proclaim that..............[e.g. the President of the National Legislative Assembly has made submission to the King that...]

"................................................................................................................................

".............[e.g. The President of the National Legislative Assembly], therefor, submitted the draft charter to His Majesty to affix the royal signature to henceforth promulgate it as the Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand. Having throughly considered by the King, the expedience to grant the royal permission in accordance with the public opinion.

"Be it, therefor, commanded by the King the enactment of this Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand replaces the Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand which enacted on [e.g. 1 October B.E. 2549 (2006)] as of the date of its publication, henceforth onwards.

"May the Thai People unite in observing, protecting and upholding this Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand in order to maintain the democratic regime and the sovereignty of the Thai people, and bring about happiness, prosperity and dignity to His Majesty’s subjects throughout the Kingdom according to the will of His Majesty in every respect."

• Act: "Phra Bat Somdet Phra Poramin Maha Bhumibol Adulyadej [Name of the King in brief title] is graciously pleased to proclaim that:

"Whereas it is expedient to have/amend/abrogate a/the law on............

"Be it, therefor, enacted by the King, by and with the advice and consent of the National Assembly, as follows:"

• Royal Degree & Emergency Decree: "Phra Bat Somdet Phra Poramin Maha Bhumibol Adulyadej [Name of the King in brief title] is graciously pleased to proclaim that:

"Whereas it is expedient to have/amend/abrogate a/the law on............

"Be it, therefor, by the virtue of.........., enacted by the King the Royal Decree/Emergency Decree as follows:"

• Royal Command: "Phra Bat Somdet Phra Poramin Maha Bhumibol Adulyadej [Name of the King in brief title] is graciously pleased to proclaim that..............

"Announced on the [e.g. 31st] Day of [e.g. January] BE [e.g. 2551] (... [e.g.] 2008), being the [e.g. 63rd] Year of the Present Reign."

• Parliament of Tuvalu: "ENACTED by the Parliament of Tuvalu-"

• Parliament of the United Kingdom
  • Standard: "BE IT ENACTED by the Queen's [King's] most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons, in this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:-"
  • For money bills:"WE, Your Majesty's most dutiful and loyal subjects, the Commons of the United Kingdom in Parliament assembled, towards raising the necessary supplies to defray Your Majesty's public expenses, and making an addition to the public revenue, have freely and voluntarily resolved to give and grant unto Your Majesty the several duties hereinafter mentioned; and do therefore most humbly beseech Your Majesty that it may be enacted, and be it enacted by the Queen's [King's] most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons, in this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:-"
  • Under the Parliament Acts: "BE IT ENACTED by The Queen's [King's] most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Commons in this present Parliament assembled, in accordance with the provisions of the Parliament Acts 1911 and 1949, and by the authority of the same, as follows:-"

• Congress of the United States: "Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,"

• National Assembly of Venezuela: "The Congress of the Republic of Venezuela decrees: the following..."

(Spanish: El Congreso de la República de Venezuela Decreta: la siguiente"

• Parliament of Zimbabwe: "ENACTED by the President and the Parliament of Zimbabwe."

Perundangan yang tidak wujud lagi

• Kongres Persekutuan Negara: "Kongres Persekutuan Negara Amerika dengan ini membuat," (Inggeris: "The Congress of the Confederate States of America do enact,")

• Akta-akta Gabenor Am British di India dalam Majlis: "Dengan ini diperbuat seperti berikut:—"

Badan perundangan peringkat negeri

Australia

• Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly: "The Legislative Assembly for the Australian Capital Territory enacts as follows:"
• Parliament of New South Wales: "The Legislature of New South Wales enacts:"
• Queensland Legislative Assembly: "The Parliament of Queensland enacts–"
• Before 1993: "BE IT ENACTED by the Queen’s Most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Assembly of Queensland in Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows."
• Parliament of South Australia: "The Parliament of South Australia enacts as follows:"
• Parliament of Tasmania: "Be it enacted by His Excellency the Governor of Tasmania, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Council and House of Assembly, in Parliament assembled, as follows:"
• Parliament of Victoria: "The Parliament of Victoria enacts as follows:"
• Parliament of Western Australia: "The Parliament of Western Australia enacts as follows:"

Kanada

• Legislative Assembly of Alberta: "HER MAJESTY, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta, enacts as follows:"
• Legislative Assembly of British Columbia: "HER MAJESTY, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of British Columbia, enacts as follows:"
• Legislative Assembly of Manitoba: "HER MAJESTY, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba, enacts as follows:"
• Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick: "Her Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick, enacts as follows:" (French: "Sa Majesté, sur l’avis et du consentement de l’Assemblée législative du Nouveau-Brunswick, décrète:")
• Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly: "Be it enacted by the Lieutenant-Governor and House of Assembly in Legislative Session convened, as follows:"
• Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories: "The Commissioner of the Northwest Territories, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Assembly, enacts as follows:"
• Legislative Assembly of Nova Scotia: "Be it enacted by the Governor and Assembly as follows:"
• Legislative Assembly of Nunavut: "The Commissioner of Nunavut, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Assembly, enacts as follows:"
• Legislative Assembly of Ontario: "Her Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Ontario, enacts as follows:"
• Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island: "BE IT ENACTED by the Lieutenant Governor and the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Prince Edward Island as follows:"
• National Assembly of Quebec: "The Parliament of Québec enacts as follows:" (French: "Le Parlement du Québec décrète ce qui suit:")
• Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan: "HER MAJESTY, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan, enacts as follows:"
• Yukon Legislative Assembly: "The Commissioner of Yukon, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Assembly, enacts as follows:"

China

• Legislative Council of Hong Kong
  • 1843-1887: "BE IT ENACTED by the Governor of Hongkong, with the advice of the Legislative Council thereof, as follows:-"
  • 1888-1997: "BE IT ENACTED by the Governor of Hongkong, with the advice and consent of the Legislative Council thereof, as follows:-"
  • After 1997: "Enacted by the Legislative Council."

New Zealand

Majlis-majlis provinsi (abolished in 1876)

• Canterbury Provincial Council: "Be it enacted by the Superintendent of the Province of Canterbury, by and with the advice and consent of the Provincial Council thereof, as follows:—"

United Kingdom

Institusi-institusi devolusi

• Northern Ireland Assembly: "BE IT ENACTED by being passed by the Northern Ireland Assembly and assented to by Her [His] Majesty as follows:"
• Scottish Parliament: Acts of the Scottish Parliament do not begin with a conventional enacting formula. Instead they begin with a phrase that reads: "The Bill for this Act of the Scottish Parliament was passed by the Parliament on [Date] and received Royal Assent on [Date]"
• National Assembly for Wales: "This Measure, passed by the National Assembly for Wales on [Date] and approved by Her Majesty in Council on [Date], enacts the following provisions:-" (Welsh: Mae'r Mesur hwn, a basiwyd gan Gynulliad Cenedlaethol Cymru ar [ ] ac a gymeradwywyd gan Ei Mawrhydi yn ei Chyngor ar [ ], yn deddfu'r darpariaethau a ganlyn:-)

Badan perundangan yang tidak wujud lagi

• Parliament of Northern Ireland (1921-1972): "BE it enacted by the Queen's [King's] most Excellent Majesty, and the Senate and the House of Commons of Northern Ireland in this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:-"

Jajahan mahkota

• Tynwald of the Isle of Man: "WE, your Majesty’s most dutiful and loyal subjects, the Council and Keys of the said Isle, do humbly beseech your Majesty that it may be enacted, and be it enacted, by the Queen’s Most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Council and Keys in Tynwald assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows (that is to say):—"
• States of Jersey: "THE STATES, subject to the sanction of Her Most Excellent Majesty in Council, have adopted the following Law-" (French: "LES ETATS, moyennant la sanction de Sa Très Excellente Majesté en Conseil, ont adopté la Loi suivante -")
• States of Guernsey: "THE STATES, in pursuance of their Resolution of DATE, have approved the following provisions which, subject to the Sanction of Her Most Excellent Majesty in Council, shall have force of law in the Bailiwick of Guernsey.

Jajahan seberang laut

Senarai ini tidak lengkap; bantulah Wikipedia untuk memperkembangnya.

• Parliament of Bermuda: "Be it enacted by The Queen's Most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate and the House of Assembly of Bermuda, and by the authority of the same, as follows:-"
• House of Assembly of the British Virgin Islands: "ENACTED by the Legislature of the Virgin Islands as follows:-"
• Gibraltar Parliament: "ENACTED by the Legislature of Gibraltar:-"
• Administrator of the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia: "BE it enacted by the Administrator of the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia as follows:-"

Amerika Syarikat

Senarai ini tidak lengkap; bantulah Wikipedia untuk memperkembangnya.

• Alabama Legislature: "Be it enacted by the Legislature of Alabama"
• Arizona State Legislature: "Be it enacted by the Legislature of the State of Arizona,"
• Arkansas General Assembly: "Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Arkansas."
• California State Legislature: "The People of the State of California do enact as follows:"
• Colorado General Assembly: "Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Colorado:"; for bills adopted by referendum, "Be it enacted by the People of the State of Colorado:"
• Connecticut General Assembly: "Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in General Assembly convened:"
• Hawaii State Legislature: "Be it enacted by the Legislature of the State of Hawaii:"
• Illinois General Assembly: "Be it enacted by the People of the State of Illinois, represented in the General Assembly"
• Indiana General Assembly: "Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Indiana"
• Maine Legislature: "Be it enacted by the People of the State of Maine as follows:"
• Massachusetts General Court: "Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in General Court assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:"
• Michigan Legislature: "The People of the State of Michigan enact:"
• New Hampshire General Court: "Be it Enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in General Court convened:"
• New Jersey Legislature: "Be It Enacted by the Senate and General Assembly of the State of New Jersey:"
• New York Legislature: "The People of the State of New York, represented in Senate and Assembly, do enact as follows,"
• North Carolina General Assembly: "The General Assembly of North Carolina enacts:"
• Ohio General Assembly:"be it enacted by the general assembly of the state of Ohio" (sic)
• Oregon Legislative Assembly: "Be It Enacted by the People of the State of Oregon:"
• Pennsylvania General Assembly: "The General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania hereby enacts as follows:"
• Rhode Island General Assembly: "It is enacted by the General Assembly as follows:"
• Texas Legislature: "Be it enacted by the Legislature of the State of Texas:"
• Utah State Legislature:"Be it enacted by the Legislature of the State of Utah,"
• Vermont General Assembly: "It is hereby enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Vermont:"
• Virginia General Assembly: "Be it enacted by the General Assembly of Virginia"
• Washington State Legislature: "Be it enacted by the Legislature of the State of Washington:"
• West Virginia Legislature: "Be it enacted by the Legislature of West Virginia:"
• Wisconsin Legislature: "The people of the state of Wisconsin, represented in senate and assembly, do enact as follows:"
• Wyoming Legislature: "Be it Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Wyoming:"

Perundangan wilayah Amerika

• Legislature of Guam: "Be it enacted by the people of Guam"

Rujukan

• ↑  "1917 Constitution of Mexico". Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2008-08-04. Dicapai pada 2009-02-04.
• ↑  For example: wikisource:nl:Wet op de adeldom (1994) or many others under wikisource:nl:Categorie:Nederlandse wetgeving; for an older example with a male sovereign, see wikisource:nl:Wet algemene bepalingen (1829)
• ↑  "An Act to Prohibit the Importation of Luxuries, or Articels not Necissary or of Common Use" (PDF).
• ↑  "Arizona State Constitution, Article 4, Section 24".
• ↑  "Arkansas State Constitution, Article 5, Section 19".
• ↑  "Colorado State Constitution". Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2007-08-03. Dicapai pada 2009-02-04.
• ↑  "Connecticut State Constitution". Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2007-03-06. Dicapai pada 2009-02-04.
• ↑  "Public Law No. 26-26".
• ↑  "Hawai`i State Constitution - Article 3".
• ↑  "Illinois Legislative Glossary". Illinois General Assembly.
• ↑  "Article Four of the Indiana State Constitution".
• ↑  "Constitution of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts".
• ↑  "Maine State Constitution".
• ↑  "Constitution of the State of Michigan of 1963, as amended".
• ↑  "North Carolina State Constitution, Article II". Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2012-05-21. Dicapai pada 2009-02-04.
• ↑  "New Hampshire State Constitution".
• ↑  "New Jersey State Constitution".
• ↑  "New York State Constitution, Article III §13" (PDF). The Constitution of the State of New York.
• ↑  "Constitution Online". Ohio Constitution of 1851.
• ↑  "ARTICLE VI - OF THE LEGISLATIVE POWER". The Rhode Island State Constitution.
• ↑  "Constitution of the State of Utah".
• ↑  M. T. S. (1921). "Effect of Omission of Enacting Clause in a Statute in Virginia". Virginia Law Review. 7 (6): pp. 485–486. doi:10.2307/1063223.
• ↑  "The Texas Constitution - Art 3 - Sec 29". The Texas Constitution.
• ↑  "The Vermont Constitution".
• ↑  "Washington State Constitution". Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2005-12-24. Dicapai pada 2009-02-04.
• ↑  "Wisconsin State Constitution, Article 4, Section 17".
• ↑  "West Virginia Constitution".
• ↑  "Wyoming Constitution, Section 3, Article 21".