William Wallace

Untuk tokoh lain yang bernama William Wallace, sila lihat William Wallace (nyahkekaburan).

Sir William Wallace (Gaelik Scotland: Uilleam Uallascode: gd is deprecated ; 1272 – 23 Ogos 1305) adalah seorang kesatria dan pemilik tanah berbangsa Scotland yang terkenal kerana peranan beliau dalam mengetuai penentangan ke atas England semasa Perang Kemerdekaan Scotland. Pada hari ini, beliau diingati sebagai seorang setia negarawan and wira negara.

Sir William Wallace
Kelahiran	1272 Elderslie atau Ellerslie, Scotland
Meninggal dunia	23 Ogos 1305 Smithfield, London, England
Pekerjaan	Pemilik tanah, kemudian seorang pejuang dan komander dalam Perang Kemerdekaan Scotland
Anak-anak	Tiada rekod
Ibu bapa	Alan Wallace (bapa), identiti ibunya tidak dapat disahkan, kemungkinan adalah Margaret Crawford

Bersama-sama dengan Andrew Moray, beliau berjaya mengalahkan tentera England di dalam Pertempuran Jambatan Stirling, dan menjadi Pelindung Scotland, sehingga kekalahan beliau di dalam Pertempuran Falkirk. Beberapa tahun kemudian, Wallace telah ditangkap di Robroyston, berdekatan Glasgow dan diserahkan kepada Raja Edward I, yang mana kemudian menjatuhkan hukuman mati kerana menderhaka.

Wallace menjadi inspirasi dalam sajak, The Acts and Deeds of Sir William Wallace, Knight of Elderslie, oleh seorang penyanyi kembara pada kurun ke-15, Blind Harry. Sajak ini juga digunakan sebagai asas dalam lakon layar Randall Wallace untuk sebuah filem pada tahun 1995, iaitu Braveheart.

Lihat juga

• Clan Wallace
• Jack Short
• Josep Moragues i Mas
• Lugar Water
• Monumen Wallace
• Istana kota Crosbie dan Estet Fullarton

Sumber

• Barrow, G. W. S. (1989), Kingship and Unity: Scotland 1000–1306, The New History of Scotland, 2 (ed. 2nd), Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, ISBN 0-7486-0104-X
• Barrow, G. W. S. (1976), Robert Bruce and the Community of the Realm of Scotland (ed. 2nd), Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, ISBN 0-85224-307-3
• Barrow, G. W. S. (2003), The Kingdom of the Scots: Government, Church and Society from the eleventh to the fourteenth century (ed. 2nd), Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, ISBN 0-7486-1803-1
• Brown, Michael (2004), The Wars of Scotland 1214–1371, The New Edinburgh History of Scotland, 4, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, ISBN 0-7486-1238-6
• Cowan, Edward J. (2003), 'For Freedom Alone': The Declaration of Arbroath, 1320, West Linton: Tuckwell Press, ISBN 1-84158-632-3
• Cowan, Edward J.; Finlay, Richard J., penyunting (2002), Scottish History: The Power of the Past, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, ISBN 0-7486-1420-6
• Cowan, Edward J., penyunting (2007), The Wallace Book, Edinburgh: John Donald, ISBN 0-85976-652-4
• Cowan, Edward J. (2007), "William Wallace: 'The Choice of the Estates'", dalam Cowan, Edward J. (penyunting), The Wallace Book, Edinburgh: John Donald, m/s. 9–25, ISBN 0-85976-652-4
• Duncan, A. A. M. (2007), "William, Son of Alan Wallace: The Documents", dalam Cowan, Edward J. (penyunting), The Wallace Book, Edinburgh: John Donald, m/s. 42–63, ISBN 0-85976-652-4
• Fisher, Andrew (2002), William Wallace (ed. 2nd), Edinburgh: Birlinn, ISBN 1-84158-593-9
• Fraser, James E. (2002), "'A Swan from a Raven': William Wallace, Brucean Propaganda and Gesta Annalia II", The Scottish Historical Review, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, LXXXI (1): 1–22, ISSN 0036-9241
• Grant, Alexander (2007), "Bravehearts and Coronets: Images of William Wallace and the Scottish Nobility", dalam Cowan, Edward J. (penyunting), The Wallace Book, Edinburgh: John Donald, m/s. 86–106, ISBN 0-85976-652-4
• King, Elspeth (2007), "The Material Culture of William Wallace", dalam Cowan, Edward J. (penyunting), The Wallace Book, Edinburgh: John Donald, m/s. 117–135, ISBN 0-85976-652-4
• Prestwich, Michael (2007), "The Battle of Stirling Bridge: An English Perspective", dalam Cowan, Edward J. (penyunting), The Wallace Book, Edinburgh: John Donald, m/s. 64–76, ISBN 0-85976-652-4
• Riddy, Felicity (2007), "Unmapping the Territory: Blind Hary's Wallace", dalam Cowan, Edward J. (penyunting), The Wallace Book, Edinburgh: John Donald, m/s. 107–116, ISBN 0-85976-652-4
• Watson, Fiona (2002), "The Demonisation of King John", dalam Cowan, Edward J.; Finlay, Richard J. (penyunting), Scottish History: The Power of the Past, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, m/s. 29–46, ISBN 0-7486-1420-6
• Watson, Fiona (2007), "Sir William Wallace: What We Do — and Don't — Know", dalam Cowan, Edward J. (penyunting), The Wallace Book, Edinburgh: John Donald, m/s. 26–41, ISBN 0-85976-652-4
• Young, Alan (1997), Robert the Bruce's Rivals: The Comyns, 1212–1314, East Linton: Tuckwell Press, ISBN 1-86232-053-5

• Brown, Chris. William Wallace. The True Story of Braveheart. Stroud: Tempus Publishing Ltd, 2005. ISBN 0-7524-3432-2.
• "The Chronicle of Lanercost 1272 - 1346", ed. H. Maxwell, 1913;
• Clater-Roszak, Christine. "Sir William Wallace ignited a flame." Military History 14 (1997): 12–15.
• Harris, Nathaniel. Heritage of Scotland: A Cultural History of Scotland & Its People. London: Hamlyn, 2000. ISBN 0-600-59834-9.
• Loudoun, Darren John. Scotland's Brave. Sydney: Paragon Books, 2007.
• MacLean, Fitzroy. Scotland: A Concise History. London: Thames & Hudson, 1997. ISBN 0-500-27706-0.
• Morton, Graeme. William Wallace. London: Sutton, 2004. ISBN 0-7509-3523-5.
• Reese, Peter. William Wallace: A Biography. Edinburgh: Canongate, 1998. ISBN 0-86241-607-8.
• Scott, Sir Walter. Exploits and death of William Wallace, the 'Hero of Scotland'
• Stead, Michael J., and Alan Young. In the Footsteps of William Wallace. London: Sutton, 2002.
• Tranter, Nigel. The Wallace: The Compelling 13th century Story of William Wallace. McArthur & Co., 1997. ISBN 0-340-21237-3.
• Wallace, Margaret. William Wallace: Champion of Scotland. Musselborough: Goblinshead, 1999. ISBN 1-899874-19-4.
• Folklore, Myths and Legends of Britain. London: The Reader’s Digest Association, 1973, 519-20.

Pautan luar

• The Life of Sir William Wallace (by John D. Carryck) in btm format Diarkibkan 2010-12-29 di Wayback Machine
• William Wallace and Battles of Stirling and Falkirk
• Wallace and Bruce Diarkibkan 2009-08-13 di Wayback Machine
• The Lübeck letter Diarkibkan 2013-10-01 di Wayback Machine