Wikipedia

John B. Goodenough

John Bannister Goodenough (/ˈɡʊdɪnʌf/ GUUD-in-uf ;[2] lahir 25 Julai 1922) ialah ialah seorang saintis bahan dan ahli fizik keadaan pepejal Amerika. Seorang penerima Nobel dalam bidang kimia, beliau ialah profesor kejuruteraan mekanikal dan sains bahan di Universiti Texas di Austin. Beliau banyak dikreditkan dengan pengenalan dan pembangunan bateri lithium-ion, untuk membangunkan aturan Goodenough-Kanamori dalam menentukan tanda superpertukaran magnet dalam bahan-bahan, dan untuk pembangunan seminal dalam memori akses rawak komputer.

John B. Goodenough
Goodenough in 2011
Kelahiran
John Bannister Goodenough

(1922-07-25) 25 Julai 1922 (umur 101)
Jena, Republik Weimar
PendidikanUniversiti Yale (BS)
Universiti Chicago (MS, PhD)
Terkenal keranaLi-ion rechargeable battery
Goodenough–Kanamori rules
(RAM) random access memory
AnugerahHadiah Jepun (2001)
Anugerah Enrico Fermi (2009)
Pingat Sains Kebangsaan (2011)
Pingat IEEE untuk Teknologi Keselamatan dan Alam Sekitar(2012)
Hadiah Charles Stark Draper (2014)
Anugerah Welch (2017)
Pingat Copley (2019)
Hadiah Nobel dalam Kimia (2019)
Kerjaya saintifik
BidangFizik
InstitusiInstitut Teknologi Massachusetts
Universiti Oxford
Universiti Texas di Austin
TesisA theory of the deviation from close packing in hexagonal metal crystals (1952)
Penasihat kedoktoranClarence Zener
Pelajar terkemukaBill David (postdoc)[1]
Dipengaruhi olehAkira Yoshino

Goodenough dilahirkan di Jena, Jerman (kemudian Republik Weimar), kepada ibu bapa Amerika. Semasa dan selepas menamatkan pengajian dari Universiti Yale, Goodenough berkhidmat sebagai ahli meteorologi tentera AS dalam Perang Dunia II. Beliau melanjutkan pelajaran ke Ph.D. dalam fizik di University of Chicago, menjadi penyelidik di MIT Lincoln Laboratory, dan kemudian menjadi ketua Makmal Kimia Anorganik di Universiti Oxford. Sejak 1986, beliau telah menjadi profesor di sekolah kejuruteraan di UT Austin.

Beliau telah dianugerahkan Pingat Kebangsaan, Pingat Copley, Anugerah Fermi, Hadiah Draper, dan Hadiah Jepun. Anugerah John B Goodenough dalam sains bahan dinamakan sempena nama beliau. Pada tahun 2019, beliau dianugerahkan Hadiah Nobel dalam Kimia, dan, pada usia 97 tahun, menjadi pemenang Nobel tertua dalam sejarah.[3]

Karya sunting

Artikel sunting

  • John B. Goodenough (1955). "Theory of the role of covalence in the Perovskite-type Manganites". Phys. Rev. 100: 564–573. Bibcode:1955PhRv..100..564G. doi:10.1103/physrev.100.564.
  • K. Mizushima; P.C. Jones; P.J. Wiseman; J.B. Goodenough (1980). "LixCoO2 (0<x<-1): A new cathode material for batteries of high energy density". Mater. Res. Bull. 15 (6): 783–799. doi:10.1016/0025-5408(80)90012-4.
  • John B. Goodenough (1985). B. Schuman, Jr.; dll. (penyunting). "Manganese Oxides as Battery Cathodes". Proceedings Symposium on Manganese Dioxide Electrode: Theory and Practice for Electrochemical Applications. Re Electrochem. Soc. Inc, N.J. 85–4: 77–96.
  • Lightfoot, P.; Pei, S. Y.; Jorgensen, J. D.; Manthiram, A.; Tang, X. X. & J. B. Goodenough. "Excess Oxygen Defects in Layered Cuprates", Argonne National Laboratory, The University of Texas-Austin, Materials Science Laboratory United States Department of Energy, National Science Foundation, (September 1990).
  • Argyriou, D. N.; Mitchell, J. F.; Chmaissem, O.; Short, S.; Jorgensen, J. D. & J. B. Goodenough. "Sign Reversal of the Mn-O Bond Compressibility in La1.2Sr1.8Mn2O7 Below TC: Exchange Striction in the Ferromagnetic State", Argonne National Laboratory, The University of Texas-Austin, Center for Material Science and Engineering United States Department of Energy, National Science Foundation, Welch Foundation, (March 1997).
  • A.K. Padhi; K.S. Nanjundaswamy; J.B. Goodenough (1997). "Phospho-Olivines as Positive Electrode Materials for Rechargeable Lithium Batteries". J. Electrochem. Soc. 144 (4): 1188–1194. doi:10.1149/1.1837571.
  • John B. Goodenough (2004). "Electronic and ionic transport properties and other physical aspects of perovskites". Rep. Prog. Phys. 67 (11): 1915–1973. Bibcode:2004RPPh...67.1915G. doi:10.1088/0034-4885/67/11/R01.
  • Goodenough, J. B.; Abruna, H. D. & M. V. Buchanan. "Basic Research Needs for Electrical Energy Storage. Report of the Basic Energy Sciences Workshop on Electrical Energy Storage, April 2-4, 2007", United States Department of Energy, (April 4, 2007).
  • "John B. Goodenough". Faculty. The University of Texas at Austin Mechanical Engineering Department. May 3, 2005. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada September 28, 2011. Dicapai pada 2011-08-23.

Buku sunting

  • John B. Goodenough (1963). Magnetism and the Chemical Bond. Interscience-Wiley, New York. ISBN 0-88275-384-3.
  • John B. Goodenough (1973). Les oxydes des métaux de transition. Paris: Gauthier-Villars.
  • John B. Goodenough, ed. (2001). Structure & Bonding, V. 98.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)

Catatan sunting

  1. ^ Thackeray, M. M.; David, W. I. F.; Bruce, P. G.; Goodenough, J. B. (1983). "Lithium insertion into manganese spinels". Materials Research Bulletin. 18 (4): 461–472. doi:10.1016/0025-5408(83)90138-1.
  2. ^ Expert Opinion with Dr. Goodenough - The Future of Battery Storage (Expert Audience) di YouTube
  3. ^ Specia, Megan (October 9, 2019). "Nobel Prize in Chemistry Honors Work on Lithium-Ion Batteries - John B. Goodenough, M. Stanley Whittingham, and Akira Yoshino were recognized for research that has "laid the foundation of a wireless, fossil-fuel-free society."". The New York Times. Dicapai pada October 9, 2019.

Bacaan lanjut sunting

  • John N. Lalena; David A. Cleary (2005). Principles of Inorganic Materials Design. Wiley-Intersciece. m/s. xi–xiv, 233–269. ISBN 0-471-43418-3.

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