Robert Boyle: Perbezaan antara semakan

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Boyle kembali ke England dari Tanah Besar Eropah ("Continent") pada pertengahan 1644 dengan minat mendalam mengenai sains.<ref>See biographies of Robert Boyle at [http://www.litencyc.com/php/speople.php?rec=true&UID=522], [http://www.woodrow.org/teachers/ci/1992/Boyle.html], [http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Boyle.html] dan [http://books.google.ie/books?id=fjDXtalPeesC&pg=PT24&lpg=PT24&dq=+minority+%22robert+boyle%22+continent&source=web&ots=0GoWnMtkTE&sig=w5L_P2i0E6hYobZE7vm9LffWYN4&hl=en] .</ref> Bapanya meninggal pada tahun sebelumnya dan meninggalkannya [[Stalbridge]] manor di [[Dorset]], bersama beberapa harta tanah di Ireland. Dari masa itu, dia menghabiskan hayatnya pada penyelidikan sains, dan mengambil tempat menonjol dalam kumpulan penyelidik, yang dikenali sebagai "Invisible College", yang mengabadikan diri mereka bagi pengembangan "falsafah baru". Mereka sering berjumpa di London, kebiasaannya di Kolej Gresham; sesetengah ahli turut berkumpul di [[Oxford]] di mana Boyle tinggal pada 1654. Membaca mengenai pam udara [[Otto von Guericke]] pada 1657, dia menyediakan dirinya bersama pembantunya, [[Robert Hooke]] untuk mencipta peningkatan pada pembinaannya, dan menhgasilkan, "mesin Boyleana" atau "Enjin Pneumatical", disiapkan pada 1659, dia kemudiannya memulakan beberapa ujikaji berkenaan ciri-ciri udara.<ref name=acottLaw/> Tulisan boleh didapati pada dinding University College, Oxford High Street, Oxford di [[Oxford]] (kini lokasi [[Shelley Memorial]]), menanda tapak Dewan Cross ("Cross Hall") berada sehingga awal 1800-an. Di sini adalah di mana Boyle menyewa bilik daripada pembancuh ubat ("apothecary") kaya pemilik Dewan.
 
Gambaran mengenai hasil kerja Boyle dengan pam udara pada tahun 1660 di bawah judul ''New Experiments Physico-Mechanicall, Touching the Spring of the Air, and its Effects...''. Antara pengkritik pandangan yang dikemukakan dalam buku ini adalah "Society of Jesus", [[Franciscus Linus]] (1595–1675), dan ketika menjawab bangkangan ini, Boyle pertama kali menyebut mengenai hukum Boyle bahawa isipadu gas berubah songsang kepada tekanan gas, yang mana dikalangan penutur bahasa Inggeris biasanya dikaitkan sempena namanya.
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Boyle returned to England from the Continent in mid 1644 with a keen interest in science.<ref>See biographies of Robert Boyle at [http://www.litencyc.com/php/speople.php?rec=true&UID=522], [http://www.woodrow.org/teachers/ci/1992/Boyle.html], [http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Boyle.html] and [http://books.google.ie/books?id=fjDXtalPeesC&pg=PT24&lpg=PT24&dq=+minority+%22robert+boyle%22+continent&source=web&ots=0GoWnMtkTE&sig=w5L_P2i0E6hYobZE7vm9LffWYN4&hl=en] .</ref> His father had died the previous year and had left him the manor of [[Stalbridge]] in [[Dorset]], together with some estates in Ireland. From that time, he devoted his life to [[science|scientific]] research, and soon took a prominent place in the band of inquirers, known as the "[[Invisible College]]", who devoted themselves to the cultivation of the "new philosophy". They met frequently in London, often at [[Gresham College]]; some of the members also had meetings at [[Oxford]] where Boyle went to reside in 1654. Reading in 1657 of [[Otto von Guericke]]'s air-pump, he set himself with the assistance of [[Robert Hooke]] to devise improvements in its construction, and with the result, the "machina Boyleana" or "Pneumatical Engine", finished in 1659, he began a series of experiments on the properties of air.<ref name=acottLaw/> An inscription can be found on the wall of [[University College, Oxford]] the [[High Street, Oxford|High Street]] at [[Oxford]] (now the location of the [[Shelley Memorial]]), marking the spot where Cross Hall stood until the early 1800s. It was here that Boyle rented rooms from the wealthy apothecary who owned the Hall.
 
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An account of Boyle's work with the air pump was published in 1660 under the title ''New Experiments Physico-Mechanicall, Touching the Spring of the Air, and its Effects...''. Among the critics of the views put forward in this book was a [[Society of Jesus|Jesuit]], [[Franciscus Linus]] (1595–1675), and it was while answering his objections that Boyle made his first mention of [[Boyle's law|the law]] that the volume of a gas varies inversely to the pressure of the gas, which among English-speaking people is usually called after his name.
 
However, the person that originally formulated the hypothesis was Henry Power in 1661. Boyle included a reference to a paper written by Power, but mistakenly attributed it to Richard Townley. In continental Europe the hypothesis is sometimes attributed to [[Edme Mariotte]], although he did not publish it until 1676 and was likely aware of Boyle's work at the time.<ref>{{cite book