Perang saudara Caesar

The Roman civil war of 49 BC, sometimes called Caesar's Civil War, is one of the last conflicts within the Roman Republic. It was a series of political and military confrontations between Julius Caesar, his political supporters, and his legions, against the traditionalist conservative faction in the Roman Senate, sometimes known as the Optimates, backed by the legions of Pompey.

Many historians view the war as a logical result of a long process of subversion of the political institutions of the Roman government, starting with the disastrous career of Tiberius Gracchus, and continuing with the Marian reforms of the legions, the bloody dictatorship of Lucius Cornelius Sulla, and finally the sway of the First Triumvirate over Rome. Whether or not this is true that such events laid the groundwork, it is clear that it was the ego of Julius Caeser that took advantage of the opportunity put in place by this devolution of Roman political affairs.

After a long political and military struggle, between 49 and 45 BC, which would take in battles in Italia, Greece, Egypt, Africa, and Hispania, Caesar finally defeated the last of the traditional faction of the Roman senate at the Battle of Munda.

To some historians the civil war, and the brief dictatorial rule of Caesar over Rome before his assassination, marks the end of the Roman republic, and the beginning of the Roman Empire. Whether this particular moment in history is chosen as the point of transition or not, Caesar's civil war and its resulting changes in Roman government all but swept away the political traditions of the republic. It was a blow from which the republic would not recover.

{{terjemahan-bi|Caesar's civil war]]