Parlimen United Kingdom: Perbezaan antara semakan

Kandungan dihapus Kandungan ditambah
Baris 154:
Undang-undang, dalam draf dibentuk sebagai bil, dapat diperkenalkan oleh mana-mana Dewan, tetapi bil biasanya dipekenalkan oleh seorang Menteri Mahkota. Suatu bil diperkenalkan oleh seorang Menteri digelar "Bil Kerajaan"; satu diperkenalkan oleh seorang lagi ahli digelar "[[Bil Ahli Peribadi]]". Suatu cara lain mengkategorikan bil melibatkan hal. Kebanyakan bil, melibatkan orang ramai, digelar "[[Bil Awam]]". Suatu bil yang cuba untuk memberikan hak istimewa pada seorang individu atau kumpulan kecil individu, atau sebauh lembaga digelarkan suatu pihak berkuasa tempatan, digelar "[[Bil Peribadi]]". Suatu Bil Awam yang memberikan hak peribadi (dengan secara yang Bil akan lakukan) digelar sebuah "[[Hybrid Bill]]".
 
Private Members' Bills makeBil upAhli thePeribadi majoritymendirikan ofkebanyakan billsbil, buttetapi areadalah farkurang lessmungkin likelydiluluskan todaripada bebil passed than government billskerajaan. ThereAda aretiga threekaedah methodsuntuk forseorang anAP MPuntuk tomemperkenalkan introduceBil aAhli Private Member's BillPeribadi. The Private Members' Ballot (oncesekali pertiap SessionSesi) putmeletakkan namesnama intoke adalam ballotsuatu pangundian, anddan thosemereka whoyang winmenang arediberikan givenwaktu timeuntuk tocadangkan propose a billbil. The [[Ten Minute Rule]] isadalah anothersautu methodlagi kaedah, wheredi MPsmana areAP granteddibenarkan tensepuluh minutesminit tountuk outlinemenggaris thebentuk casekes foruntuk akeping newbaru piecepenggubalan of legislationundang-undang. Standing Order 57 isadalah thekaedah third methodketiga, whichyang allowsmembernarkan abil billuntuk todiperkenalkan betanpa introduced without debate if a day'sperdebatan noticejika isnotis givensehari todiberikan thekepada Table Office. [[Filibuster]]ing is a danger, as an opponent to a bill can waste much of the limited time allotted to it. Private Members' Bills have no chance of success if the current government opposes them, but they are used in moral issues: the bills to decriminalise [[homosexuality]] and [[abortion]] were Private Members' Bills, for example. Governments can sometimes attempt to use Private Members' Bills to pass things it would rather not be associated with. "Handout bills" are bills which a government hands to MPs who win Private Members' Ballots.
 
Each Bill goes through several stages in each House. The first stage, called the [[first reading]], is a formality. At the [[second reading]], the general principles of the bill are debated, and the House may vote to reject the bill, by not passing the motion "That the Bill be now read a second time". Defeats of Government Bills are extremely rare, the last being in 2005.