Bahasa Na'vi: Perbezaan antara semakan
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{{Infobox Language
|name = Na’vi
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'''Bahasa Na’vi''' merupakan [[bahasa binaan]] kaum pribumi [[Alam cereka Avatar#Na'vi|Na’vi]], the [[Sapience|sapient]] [[humanoid]] [[Indigenous peoples|indigenous]] inhabitants of the bulan cereka Pandora dalam filem [[Avatar (
Semasa filem ditayangkan pada tahun 2009, kosa kata bahasa Na’vi berada dalam linkungan seribu perkataan, tetapi pemahaman tatabahasanya terhad kepada pencipta bahasa tersebut.<ref name="www.npr.org">{{Cite web| last = | first = | title = Do You Speak Na'vi? Giving Voice To 'Avatar' Aliens : NPR | url = http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=121350582 | publisher = | date = | accessdate = 16 December 2009 }}</ref>
As of April 2010, there is a growing community of Na'vi language fans. Laman web seperti ''Learn Na'vi''<ref>http://www.learnnavi.org/</ref> feature
==Asal-usul bahasa==
The Na'vi language has its origins in kerja awal James Cameron
Based on Cameron's initial list of words, which had a "Polynesian flavor" according to Frommer,<ref name=uso>{{Cite web|url=http://usoproject.blogspot.com/2009/11/interview-with-paul-frommer-alien.html |title=An interview with Paul Frommer, Alien Language Creator for Avatar |work=Unidentified Sound Object |first=Matteo |last=Milani |date=November 24, 2009 |accessdate=January 9, 2010}}</ref> the linguist developed three different sets of meaningless words and phrases that conveyed a sense of what an alien language might sound like: one using [[Tone (linguistics)|contrasting tones]], one using [[Vowel length|varying vowel lengths]], and one using [[ejective consonant]]s. Of the three, Cameron liked the sound of the ejectives best. His choice established the [[phonology]] that Frommer would use in developing the rest of the Na'vi language - [[Morphology (linguistics)|morphology]], [[syntax]], and an initial [[Lexicon|vocabulary]] - a task that took six months.
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==Language constraints==
The Na'vi language was developed under three significant constraints. First, Cameron inginkan bahasa itu berbunyi asing tetapi sedap dan memuaskan kepada para penonton. Second, since the storyline included humans who have learned to speak the language, it had to be a language that humans could plausibly learn to speak. And finally, the actors would have to be able to pronounce their Na'vi dialogue without unreasonable difficulty. The language in its final form contains several elements which are uncommon in human languages, such as [[Grammatical conjugation|verbal conjugation]] using [[
==Phonologi dan ortografi==
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|''ä'' [æ] || ''a'' [a]
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dan juga empat diftong: aw [aw], ew [εw], ay [aj], ey [εj], dan dua konsonan bersuku kata: ll [l̩] and rr [r̩],
Note that the ''e'' is open-mid while the ''o'' is close-mid, and that there is no ''*oy.'' Konsonan ''rr'' [[konsonan getaran|digetar]] dengan kuat, dan konsonan ''ll'' adalah "ringan", tidak sesekali pun "gelap"
These vowels may occur in sequences, seperti dalam [[bahasa Polynesia]]
Na’vi tidak mengandungi panjang atau nada vokal, but it does have contrastive [[stress (phonetics)|stress]]: ''túte'' "
===Consonants===
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Geseran dan letusan, ''f v ts s z h'', hanya bermula pada suku kata awal; the others may occur at the beginning or at the end (though ''w y'' in final position are considered parts of diphthongs, as they only occur as ''ay ey aw ew'' and may be followed by another final consonant, as in ''skxawng'' "bodoh"). However, in addition to appearing before vowels, ''f ts s'' may form [[consonant cluster]]s with any of the unrestricted consonants (the [[konsonan hentian|stops]] and [[approximant|liquids/glides]]) apart from ''’'', making for 39 clusters. Other sequences occur across syllable boundaries, such as ''Na’vi'' {{IPA|[naʔ.vi]}} and ''ikran'' {{IPA|[ik.ɾan]}} "banshee".
Konsonan letupan ''p t k'' dan letusan ''ts'' adalah [[konsonan tenuis|tenuis]], seperti Bahasa Spanish atau Perancis. In final position, they are [[unreleased stop|unreleased]], as in [[Bahasa Indonesia]] dan bahasa Asia Tenggara lain. Konsonan ''r'' [[konsonan tamparan|ditampar]], seperti dalam Bahasa Spanish dan Indonesia; bunyinya seolah-olah ''tt'' or ''dd'' in the American pronunciation
===Perubahan bunyi===
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===Kata kerja===
Verbs are conjugated for [[grammatical tense|tense]] and [[grammatical aspect|aspect]], but not for [[grammatical person|person]]. That is, they record distinctions like "I am, I was, I would", but not like "
:''taron'' [buru] "
:''t‹ìm›aron'' [buru‹{{sc|rec}}›] "baru saja memburu"
:''t‹ay›aron'' [buru‹{{sc|fut}}›] "akan memburu"
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Tense and aspect need not be marked when they can be understood by context or elsewhere in the sentence.
:''t‹ìrm›ar‹ei›on'' [
:''t‹ay›ar‹äng›on'' [
==Leksikon==
Frommer
Beberapa perkataan contoh ialah,
:''irayo'' "terima kasih"
:''skxawng!'' "bodoh!"
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|{{IPA|[ kaltʼɪ}}||{{IPA|ŋaɾu}}||{{IPA|lu}}||{{IPA|fpom}}||{{IPA|sɾak ]}}
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|Greetings.||You-[[dative case|{{sc|dat}}]]||be||well.being||[[question marker|{{sc|
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|''Tsun''||''oe''||''nga-hu''||''nì-Na’vi''||''p‹iv›ängkxo''||''a''||''fì-’u''||''oe-ru''||''prrte’''||''lu''
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|be.able||
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|''Fì-skxawng-ìri''||''tsap’alute''||''sengi''||''oe''
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* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/today/hi/today/newsid_8409000/8409319.stm BBC interview] in which Frommer recites part of the ''Hunt Song'' he translated for Cameron (0818 broadcast: 3′30″)
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