Sejarah orang Yahudi di Malaysia: Perbezaan antara semakan

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{{Tarikh DMY Penggunaan | Tarikh = Oktober 2010}}
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{{Kelompok etnik
{{Ethnic group
|group Kumpulan = OrangMalaysia Yahudi Malaysia
|image Image =
|pop Pop = 100
|regions Daerah = [[Pulau PinangPenang]], [[Kuala Lumpur]], [[Melaka]]
|langs Langs = [Bahasa [Bahasa Inggeris | Inggeris]], [[Bahasabahasa Melayu | Melayu]], [[Bahasa Ibrani | Ibrani]], [[Bahasa PrasiParsi | Parsi]], [[Bahasa Arab | Arab]], [[ Bahasa Portugis | Portugis]], [[bahasa Jerman | Jerman]]
|rels = [[Agama Yahudi]]
|related-c =
}}
{{Jews and Judaism sidebar}}
'''Orang Yahudi Malaysia''' adalah sebuh istilah dirujukkan pada [[orang Yahudi]] yang tinggal di [[Malaysia]], atau yang berasal dari negara itu. Mereka kebanyakannya tinggal di negeri [[Pulau Pinang]], tetapi mereka dapat dijumpa di tempat-tempat lain di negara, khususnya di Kuala Lumpur dan Melaka. Orang Yahudi Malaysia terdiri kebanyakannya dari [[Yahudi Timur]] (kebanyakan mereka adalah [[Yahudi Baghdad]]), dengan yang lainnya Yahudi Eropah (Yahudi [[Ashkenazi]]) dan kemungkinan [[Yahudi Cina]], yang melarikan diri dari [[Sejarah orang Yahudi di China|Kaifeng]], [[China]], sewaktu pengambil alih [[Komunis]] pada tanah besar [[Republik Rakyat China|China]] dari [[China Nationalist]] pada [[1949]].
== Sejarah ==
The first contact between Jews and the inhabitants of [[Malay Peninsula|Malaya]] (later part of [[Malaysia]]) goes back to the 9th century A.D. on the riverbanks of the [[Bujang Valley]], and later well into the 18th Century A.D. in the cosmopolitan bazaars of Malacca. The presence of [[Sephardic]] Baghdadi Jews in Penang probably occurred in the turn of the 19th century as the fledgling [[United Kingdom|British]] ruled [[entreport]] grew and attracted Jewish trading families like the [[Sassoon]]s and Meyers from India. There was also significant emigration of Jews from the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] province of [[Baghdad Province, Ottoman Empire|Baghdad]] as a result of the persecutions of the Governor, [[Daud Pasha]] whose rule lasted from 1817 to 1831. <ref name="Raimy">{{cite paper |last= |first= |author=Raimy Ché-Ross |authorlink= |coauthors= |title=A Penang Kaddish: The Jewish Cemetery in Georgetown - A case study of the Jewish Diaspora in Penang (1830s-1970s) |version= |pages= |publisher=The Penang Story – International Conference 2002 |date=April 2002 |url=http://www.penangstory.net.my/docs/Abs-RaimyCheRoss.doc |format=Word Document |id= |accessdate=2008-06-28 }}</ref>.
 
| Rels = [[Yahudi]]
The first Jew known by name to have settled in Malaya was [[Ezekiel Aaron Menasseh]], who emigrated from [[Baghdad]] in [[1895]]. Menasseh claimed to have been the only practicing Jew in Malaya for 30 years until after [[World War I]] when significant number of Jews began to settle in Malaya <ref>{{cite book |title=The Journal of a Jewish Traveller |last=Cohen |first=Israel |authorlink=http://www.oxforddnb.com/index/101057107/ |coauthors= |year=1925 |publisher=John Lane & The Bodley Head Ltd |location=London |isbn= |pages=}}</ref>. Statistics from the similar period showed a somewhat different picture <ref>{{cite book |title=The History of Jews in Singapore (1830-1945) |last=Nathan |first=Ezekiel |authorlink= |coauthors= |year=1986 |publisher=Herbilu Editorial & Marketing Services |location=Singapore |isbn=997184429X |page=173 }}</ref>:
| Berkaitan-c =
}}
{{Yahudi dan agama Yahudi sidebar}}
'Yahudi Malaysia'''''adalah istilah yang digunakan untuk merujuk kepada orang-orang Yahudi yang tinggal di [[Malaysia]], atau mereka yang berasal dari negara itu. Sejumlah digunakan untuk hidup secara terbuka di negara bahagian [[Penang]], tetapi mereka juga boleh ditemui di tempat lain di negara ini, terutama di Kuala Lumpur, Seremban dan Melaka. Yahudi Malaysia terutama terdiri dari [[Sephardic]] Yahudi dan [[Marrano]] keturunan di antara [[orang Kristang]] (keturunan Portugis [[Eurasia]]), <ref name="Kristang"> {{mengutip web | url = http://kristang.bravehost.com/2.html | Sejarah title = Yahudi Kristang-Eurasia | accessdate = 2011/02/22}} </ ref> {{<ref> mengutip jurnal | title = Sumber Baru untuk Sejarah Diaspora Yahudi di Asia pada Abad ke-16 | jurnal = The triwulanan Yahudi Review | date = April 1950 | pertama = Walter | terkini = Fishchel | volume = 40 | masalah = 4 | pages = 380 | id = | accessdate = 2011 -02-22}} </ ref> [[Oriental Yahudi]] (majoriti dari mereka adalah [[Baghdadi Yahudi]]), dengan sisa yang [[Ashkenazi]] Yahudi dan mungkin [[China Yahudi]], yang melarikan diri dari [[Sejarah Yahudi di China |] Kaifeng], China, selama Komunis mengambil-alih dari daratan [[Republik Rakyat China |] China] dari [] [Nasionalis China] pada tahun 1949 <name ref = " Bhatt "> {{mengutip web | url = http://www.penangstory.net.my/mino-content-paperhimanshu.html | title = Orang Yahudi Penang | accessdate = 27 Jun 2008 | author = Himanshu Bhatt | pekerjaan = Keempat Kolokium 'The Penang Story' | publisher = | date = 2 Februari 2002}} </ ref>.
 
== Sejarah ==
{|class="wikitable" width="75%"
Hubungi pertama antara orang Yahudi dan penduduk [[Semenanjung Tanah Melayu | Malaya]] (bahagian akhir dari [[Malaysia]]) akan kembali ke abad ke 9 Masihi di tepi sungai dari [[Bujang Valley]], dan kemudian baik ke abad ke-18 Masihi di pasaran-pasaran kosmopolitan Melaka. Kehadiran [Sephardic []] Baghdadi Yahudi di Pulau Pinang mungkin terjadi pada pergantian abad ke-19 sebagai muda Inggeris dikuasai [[entreport]] tumbuh dan menarik keluarga perdagangan Yahudi seperti s [[Sassoon]] dan Meyers dari India. Ada juga emigrasi signifikan Yahudi dari [[Empayar Uthmaniyyah | Turki]] wilayah [[Baghdad Negeri, Empayar Uthmaniyyah | Baghdad]] sebagai akibat penganiayaan gabenor, [[Daud Pasha (mamluk) | Daud Pasha .]], yang memerintah berlangsung 1817-1831 <ref name="Raimy"> {{mengutip kertas | terkini = | pertama = | author = Raimy Che-Ross | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = A Penang Kaddish: The Yahudi Cemetery di Georgetown - Sebuah kajian kes Diaspora Yahudi di Pulau Pinang (1830-an 1970-an) | Versi = | pages = | publisher = The Story Penang - Persidangan Antarabangsa 2002 | date = April 2002 | url = http://www.penangstory . net.my / docs / Abs-RaimyCheRoss.doc | format = Word Document | id = | accessdate = 28 Jun 2008}} </ ref>
|+ General Census of Jewish settlers in Penang (1881-1941)
|-
!Year
!Males
!Females
!Boys
!Girls
!Total
|-
|width="10%" align="center"|1881
|width="15%" align="right"|14
|width="15%" align="right"|9
|width="15%" align="right"|5
|width="15%" align="right"|4
|width="15%" align="right"|32
|-
|width="10%" align="center"|1891
|width="15%" align="right"|47
|width="15%" align="right"|64
|width="15%" align="right"|14
|width="15%" align="right"|30
|width="15%" align="right"|155
|-
|width="10%" align="center"|1899
|width="15%" align="right"|83
|width="15%" align="right"|41
|width="15%" align="right"|33
|width="15%" align="right"|15
|width="15%" align="right"|172
|-
|width="10%" align="center"|1901
|width="15%" align="right"|16
|width="15%" align="right"|17
|width="15%" align="right"|8
|width="15%" align="right"|4
|width="15%" align="right"|45
|-
|width="10%" align="center"|1941
|width="15%" align="right"|11
|width="15%" align="right"|8
|width="15%" align="right"|6
|width="15%" align="right"|5
|width="15%" align="right"|30
|}
 
Yang pertama Yahudi Baghdadi dikenali dengan nama telah tinggal di Pulau Pinang adalah [[Yehezkiel Aaron Menasseh]], yang berhijrah dari [[Baghdad]] pada tahun 1895. Menasseh mengaku telah menjadi Yahudi hanya berlatih di Malaya selama 30 tahun sehingga selepas Perang Dunia I, ketika sejumlah besar orang Yahudi Baghdadi mula menetap di Malaya name = "Journal-Jewish-Traveller"> <ref {{menyebutkan buku. | title = The Journal of a Traveller Yahudi | terkini = Cohen | pertama = Israel | authorlink = http://www.oxforddnb.com/index/101057107/ | coauthors = | tahun = 1925 | publisher = John Lane & The Bodley Ketua Ltd | lokasi = London | isbn = | laman =}}</ ref> Statistik dari tempoh yang sama menunjukkan <ref> gambar yang agak berbeza {{mengutip book | title = Sejarah Yahudi di Singapura (1830-1945) | terkini = Nathan | pertama = Yehezkiel | authorlink = | coauthors = | tahun = 1986 | publisher = Herbilu Editorial & Pemasaran Perkhidmatan | = lokasi Singapura | isbn = 997184429X | page = 173}} </ ref>:
During the [[Battle of Malaya|Japanese invasion of Malaya]], the Jewish community was evacuated to [[Singapore]] and many were interred by the [[Empire of Japan|Japanese]] during the subsequent occupation of both [[Japanese occupation of Malaya|Malaya]] and [[Japanese occupation of Singapore|Singapore]]. After the war, a majority had emigrated to Singapore, Australia, Israel and the United States. <ref name="Singapore Jews">{{cite web |url=http://www.singaporejews.com/ourcomm-history.htm |title=History |accessdate=2008-06-27 |work=Jewish Welfare Board, Singapore |publisher= |date=}}</ref>. By [[1963]], only 20 Jewish families remained in Malaya.
 
{| Class = "wikitable" width = "75%"
Penang's only synagogue located in ''Jalan Nagore'' ({{lang-en|Nagore Street}}) closed down in [[1976]] as the community could no longer fulfill the [[minyan]], a quorum of ten or more adult Jews assembled for purposes of fulfilling a public religious obligation <ref name="Bhatt">{{cite web |url=http://www.penangstory.net.my/mino-content-paperhimanshu.html |title=The Jews of Penang |accessdate=2008-06-27 |author=Himanshu Bhatt |work=Fourth Colloquium of 'The Penang Story' |publisher= |date=2002-02-02 }}</ref>.
| + General Banci penduduk Yahudi di Pulau Pinang (1881-1941)
| -
! Tahun
! Lelaki
! Betina
! Boys
! Girls
! Jumlah
| -
| Width = "10%" align = "center" | 1881
| Width = "15%" align = "right" | 14
| Width = "15%" align = "right" | 9
| Width = "15%" align = "right" | 5
| Width = "15%" align = "right" | 4
| Width = "15%" align = "right" | 32
| -
| Width = "10%" align = "center" | 1891
| Width = "15%" align = "right" | 47
| Width = "15%" align = "right" | 64
| Width = "15%" align = "right" | 14
| Width = "15%" align = "right" | 30
| Width = "15%" align = "right" | 155
| -
| Width = "10%" align = "center" | 1899
| Width = "15%" align = "right" | 83
| Width = "15%" align = "right" | 41
| Width = "15%" align = "right" | 33
| Width = "15%" align = "right" | 15
| Width = "15%" align = "right" | 172
| -
| Width = "10%" align = "center" | 1901
| Width = "15%" align = "right" | 16
| Width = "15%" align = "right" | 17
| Width = "15%" align = "right" | 8
| Width = "15%" align = "right" | 4
| Width = "15%" align = "right" | 45
| -
| Width = "10%" align = "center" | 1941
| Width = "15%" align = "right" | 11
| Width = "15%" align = "right" | 8
| Width = "15%" align = "right" | 6
| Width = "15%" align = "right" | 5
| Width = "15%" align = "right" | 30
|}
 
Selama [[Pertempuran Malaya | pencerobohan Jepun Malaya]], komuniti Penang Yahudi dievakuasi ke [[Singapura]], dan banyak yang dikebumikan oleh [[Empayar Jepun | Jepun]] selama pendudukan seterusnya dari kedua-dua [ [Jepun pendudukan Malaya | Malaya]] dan [pendudukan [Jepun Singapura | Singapura]]. Setelah perang, majoriti telah berhijrah ke Singapura, Australia, Israel dan Amerika Syarikat <ref name="Singapore Jews"> {{mengutip web |. Url = http://www.singaporejews.com/ourcomm-history.htm | title = Sejarah | accessdate = 27 Jun 2008 | kerja = Yahudi Kebajikan Dewan, Singapura | publisher = | date = | archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20080422225054/http://www.singaporejews.com / ourcomm-history.htm <- Bot diambil arkib -> | archivedate = 22 April 2008}} </ ref> Pada 1963, hanya 20 Penang keluarga Yahudi tetap tinggal di negeri ini.
Today, approximately 100 Jews reside in Malaysia, most of which are refugees from [[Russia]] <ref name="Jewish Virtual Library">{{cite web |url=http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/vjw/malaysia.html |title=The Jewish Virtual History Tour - Malaysia |accessdate=2008-06-27 |work=Jewish Virtual Library |publisher=The American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise |date=}}</ref>. Most of the original community have emigrated to other countries, especially with the rise of [[anti-semitic]] sentiments and anti-Israel policies pursued by the Malaysian government since the 1970s <ref>{{cite book |title=The Jews of Africa and Asia: Contemporary Anti-Semitism and other pressures |last=Parfitt |first=Tudor |authorlink= |coauthors= |year=1987 |publisher=Minority Rights Group |location=Singapore |isbn=0946690561 |pages=9–10 }}</ref>.
 
satu-satunya sinagog Penang, terletak di Nagore Road, ditutup pada tahun 1976 sebagai masyarakat tidak boleh lagi memenuhi [[minyan]], korum sepuluh atau lebih dewasa orang Yahudi berkumpul untuk tujuan memenuhi kewajiban agama awam. <ref name = " Bhatt "/>
'''Yahudi Road''' (or Jew Road) in Penang where the majority of the Jewish population stayed has since been renamed '''Jalan Zainal Abidin''', erasing another legacy of the Jewish presence in Malaysia. The only significant presence remaining is the Jewish Cemetery and the old disused synagogue.
 
. Hari ini, sekitar 100 orang Yahudi yang adalah pelarian dari [[Rusia]] adalah dikatakan berada di Malaysia, <ref name="Jewish Virtual Library"> {{mengutip web | url = http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource / vjw / malaysia.html | - pekerjaan = Yahudi Perpustakaan Virtual | | title = Virtual Yahudi Wisata Sejarah Malaysia | accessdate = 27 Jun 2008 penerbit = Koperasi Amerika-Israel Enterprise | Tarikh =}}</ ref> Kebanyakan dari Penang . komuniti Yahudi telah berhijrah ke negara-negara lain, terutama dengan bangkitnya [[anti-Semit]] sentimen dan dasar anti-Israel dikejar oleh kerajaan Malaysia sejak 1970-an <ref> {{mengutip book | title = Orang Yahudi di Afrika dan Asia: Kontemporer Anti-Semitisme dan tekanan-tekanan lain | terkini = Parfitt | pertama = Tudor | authorlink = | coauthors = | tahun = 1987 | publisher = Hak Minoriti Group | lokasi = Singapura | isbn = 0946690561 | pages = 9-10}} < / ref> pada bulan Disember 2009-Januari 2010 edisi Asia Times Yahudi melaporkan bahawa hanya ada satu yang tersisa Yahudi tua di Pulau Penang - 87 tahun David Mordekhai, ahli-ahli yang masih hidup terkini berusia berkurun-kurun komuniti Yahudi George Town. <ref name="Life di Malaysia"> Yahudi {{mengutip berita | pertama = Andrew | terkini = Harris | title = Kehidupan di Malaysia Yahudi | tarikh = 2009/07/17 | url = http://www.jewishnews.net . au / hidup-di-Yahudi-malaysia / | kerja = The News Yahudi Australia | accessdate = 2011/02/22}} </ ref>
The descendants of Malaysian Jews are mainly seen in [[Singapore]], they are also many of them in [[Australia]], [[Canada]], [[New Zealand]], [[United Kingdom]] and [[United States]] (especially in New York) but their numbers are unknown. The majority of Malaysian Jews speak [[Malay language|Malay]] and [[English language|English]], whilst the rest speak mainly [[Yiddish language|Yiddish]], [[Persian language|Persian]], [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]] and possibly [[Arabic language|Arabic]]. {{Fact|date=June 2008}}
 
Jahudi Road (atau Jalan Yahudi) di Pulau Pinang, di mana sebahagian besar penduduk Pulau Pinang Yahudi tinggal, sejak saat itu telah berganti nama menjadi Jalan Zainal Abidin, memadam warisan lain dari kehadiran Yahudi di Malaysia. Kehadiran bermakna hanya tersisa adalah pemakaman Yahudi dan sinagoga, lama tak terpakai.
== Penang Jewish Cemetery ==
 
Banyak dari keturunan orang Yahudi Penang terutama dilihat dalam [[Singapura]] (seperti bekas Menteri Ketua akhir David Marshall, seorang Yahudi Baghdadi). Banyak juga berada di Australia, [[Kanada]], [[New Zealand]], di [[United Kingdom]], dan [[Amerika Syarikat]], terutama di New York, namun jumlahnya tidak diketahui. Majoriti Penang Yahudi berbicara [[bahasa Melayu | Melayu]] dan bahasa Inggeris, sementara sisanya bercakap terutama [[Bahasa Yiddish | Yiddish]], [[Bahasa Parsi | Parsi]], [[Bahasa Ibrani | Ibrani]] dan juga [[Dalam Bahasa Arab | Arab]]. {{Fact | date = Jun 2008}}
The Penang Jewish Cemetery, established in 1805, is believed to be the oldest single [[Jewish cemetery]] in the country <ref name="Jewish Virtual Library" />. It forms a {{convert|38087|sqft|m2}} cleaver shaped plot of land situated alongside ''Jalan Zainal Abidin'' (formerly ''Jalan Yahudi''), a small link road located between ''Jalan Burmah'' and ''Macalister Road'' in [[George Town, Penang|George Town]].
 
Pemakaman Yahudi Penang == ==
The oldest Jewish tombstone is dated [[July 9]] [[1835]] dedicated to a Mrs. Shoshan Levi and is believed to mark the grave of the [[English people|English]] Jew that was the benefactor who donated the land where the current cemetery stands. Most of the graves take the form of a triangular vaulted-lid casket, resembling [[ossuary|ossuaries]] commonly found in [[Israel]]. There are approximately 106 graves located in the cemetery with the most recent tombstone dated 1978. It is the only cemetery established solely for the once small and thriving Jewish community in Peninsular Malaysia, although there may be a few Jewish graves in other non-Jewish cemeteries <ref name="Raimy" />.
Penang Yahudi Cemetery, ditubuhkan pada 1805, dipercayai tertua [[pengebumian] Yahudi] tunggal di negara ini <ref name="Jewish Virtual Library" /> Ini membentuk {{menukarkan |. 38087 | sqft | m2} } golok berbentuk petak tanah terletak di sebelah Jalan Zainal Abidin (sebelumnya Jahudi Road), sebuah ruas jalan kecil yang terletak di antara Burmah dan Jalan Macalister dalam [[George Town, Penang | George Town]].
 
Batu nisan Yahudi tertua adalah tarikh 9 Julai 1835 yang didedikasikan untuk sebuah Mrs Shoshan Lewi dan diyakini untuk menandakan makam Yahudi Inggeris yang merupakan dermawan yang menyumbangkan tanah tempat pemakaman berdiri saat ini. Sebahagian besar kubur mengambil bentuk peti mati berkubah-tutup segitiga, menyerupai [[osuarium | osuarium]] umumnya ditemui di [[Israel]]. Ada sekitar 106 makam yang terletak di pemakaman dengan batu nisan yang paling baru tanggal 1978. Ini adalah kubur baru ditubuhkan hanya untuk komuniti Yahudi kecil sekali dan berkembang di Semenanjung Malaysia, walaupun mungkin ada beberapa kubur Yahudi di perkuburan bukan-Yahudi yang lain. Name = "Raimy" <ref />
The graves of the [[Kohen|Cohen]]s are located separately from the main group of graves on the north-eastern corner of the cemetery and it includes the grave of Eliaho Hayeem Victor Cohen, a [[Lieutenant]] with the 9th [[Jat Regiment]] of the [[British Indian Army]] killed in an accident on [[October 10]] [[1941]]. It is the only grave in the cemetery that is maintained by the [[Commonwealth War Graves Commission]] <ref name="Bhatt" />. The cemetery is itself managed by a [[trustee|board of trustees]] established and registered in 1885. With the descendants of the current trustees residing outside Malaysia, the maintenance of the trusteeship is uncertain <ref name="Raimy" />.
 
Kuburan dari [[Kohen | Cohen]] terletak berasingan dari kumpulan utama dari kubur di sudut utara-timur perkuburan dan itu termasuk makam Eliaho Hayeem Victor Cohen, seorang [[Leftenan]] dengan 9 [[Jat Rejimen]] dari [[British Indian Army]] tewas dalam kemalangan pada tarikh 10 Oktober 1941. Ini adalah satu-satunya makam di perkuburan yang dikendalikan oleh [[Commonwealth War Graves Commission]] name = "Bhatt" <ref /> perkuburan ini sendiri dikendalikan oleh. [Wali [| dewan pengawas]] ditubuhkan dan berdaftar pada tahun 1885. name = "Raimy" <ref />
==Notable Malaysian Jews==
*[[Charles Ephraim]] - leader of the Jewish community in Penang, whose family sells wrist watches. [http://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_terkenal_dari_Pulau_Pinang]
*[[Ezekiel Menasseh]] - the oldest known Jewish resident in Penang.
 
== Yahudi == Terkemuka Malaysia
==Gallery==
* [[Gary Braut]] - contact Yahudi utama dalam name = "Life <ref Malaysia pada Yahudi Malaysia" /> <ref> {{mengutip web | url = http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/vjw/malaysia html | title = Sejarah Yahudi Virtual Tour - Malaysia |. accessdate = 2011/02/22 | kerja = Yahudi Virtual Library}} </ ref>
* [[Charles Efraim]] - salah satu daripada <ref lahir terkini Penang Yahudi name="Bhatt" />
* [[Yehezkiel Menasseh]] - warga Yahudi awal disahkan di Pulau Pinang. <ref name="Journal-Jewish-Traveller" />
* [[Edgar Pinto Xavier]] - Duta Besar untuk [[Sekuler Yahudi | Sekuler humanistik Gerakan Yahudi di Malaysia & Timur Jauh]] {{<ref> mengutip web | url = http://www.ifshj.net/id5 html |. title = humanistik & sekular Yahudi Membangun Masyarakat dan Jemaah di Seluruh Dunia | accessdate = 2011/02/22}} </ ref> <ref name="Kristang" />
 
== Galeri ==
<gallery widths="200px" heights="200px" perrow="4">
<gallery widths="200px" heights="200px" perrow="4">
Image:Jewish Cemetery Penang Dec 2006 022.jpg|<center>The entrance to the Penang Jewish Cemetery facing Jalan Zainal Abidin (formerly Jahudi Road)</center>
ImageGambar:Jewish CemeteryYahudi Pemakaman Penang DecDisember 2006 001022.jpg | <center>A viewPintu ofmasuk theke Pemakaman Penang JewishYahudi menghadap Jalan Zainal Abidin (sebelumnya Jahudi Road) Cemetery</ center>
ImageGambar:Jewish CemeteryYahudi Pemakaman Penang DecDisember 2006 008001.jpg | <center>Tombstones atSebuah thepemandangan Penang JewishYahudi Perkuburan Cemetery</ center>
ImageGambar:Jewish CemeteryYahudi Pemakaman Penang DecDisember 2006 020008.jpg | <center>Commemorative plaquebatu indicatingnisan thedi yearPulau ofPinang establishmentYahudi ofPerkuburan the Penang Jewish Cemetery</ center>
Gambar: Yahudi Pemakaman Penang Disember 2006 020.jpg | plak Amaran <center> menunjukkan tahun pendirian Penang Yahudi Perkuburan </ center>
</gallery>
</ Gallery>
 
== SeeLihat alsojuga ==
* [[Sejarah Yahudi di] Singapura]
* [[Yahudi Baghdadi]]
 
== Rujukan ==
* [[History of the Jews in Singapore]]
{{Reflist | 2}}
* [[Baghdadi Jews]]
 
Sastera == ==
== References ==
* Khoo Salma Nasution. ''More Than Merchants: A History of Masyarakat berbahasa Jerman di Pulau Pinang, 1800-1940-an''. Arahan pinang. (2006). ISBN 978-983-42834-1-4 (hal. 33)
{{reflist|2}}
 
== LiteraturePautan luar ==
{{Commonscat-inline | Yahudi Pemakaman, Penang}}
* Khoo Salma Nasution. ''More Than Merchants: A History of the German-speaking Community in Penang, 1800s-1940s''. Areca Books. (2006). ISBN 978-9834283414 (pg. 33)
* [Http: / / www.kakiseni.com/articles/people/MDU3MA.html Seorang Yahudi Malaysia di New York]
* [Http: / / www.jewishexponent.com/article/12185/ Yahudi Eksponen: Mythical Malaysia]
* [Http: / / travel.yahoo.com/p-travelguide-2767046-jewish_cemetery_penang-i; _ylt = Ak9M73LJLx2vIJ.AEtREQ7ybItAF Yahoo Perjalanan: Yahudi Pemakaman]
* [Http: / / jewishphotolibrary.smugmug.com/ASIA-Southeast/MALAYSIA-Penang-Former-Penang/5316678_zsGXY Yahudi Gambar Perpustakaan - Bekas Penang Synagogue]
* [Http: / / jewishphotolibrary.smugmug.com/ASIA-Southeast/MALAYSIA-Penang-Jewish/5316664_8iKvv # 324634235_AXmb5 Yahudi Gambar Perpustakaan - Penang Yahudi Pemakaman]
* [Http: / / www.jewishgen.org / cemetery / asia-pac-ind / malaysia.html Persatuan Antarabangsa Yahudi Silsilah Masyarakat: Malaysia]
{{Asia topik | Sejarah Yahudi di}}
 
== External links ==
 
{{DEFAULTSORT: Sejarah Orang-orang Yahudi Di Malaysia}}
{{commonscat-inline|Jewish Cemetery, Penang}}
[[Kategori: Sejarah Malaysia | Yahudi]]
*[http://www.kakiseni.com/articles/people/MDU3MA.html A Malaysian Jew in New York]
[[Kategori: Yahudi dan agama Yahudi di Malaysia]]
*[http://www.jewishexponent.com/article/12185/ Jewish Exponent: Mythical Malaysia]
[[Kategori: Suku bangsa di Malaysia | Yahudi]]
*[http://travel.yahoo.com/p-travelguide-2767046-jewish_cemetery_penang-i;_ylt=Ak9M73LJLx2vIJ.AEtREQ7ybItAF Yahoo Travel: Jewish Cemetery]
[[Kategori: sejarah Yahudi mengikut negara | Malaysia]]
*[http://www.jewishgen.org/cemetery/asia-pac-ind/malaysia.html International Association of Jewish Genealogical Societies: Malaysia]
 
[[Id: Sejarah Yahudi di Malaysia]]
{{Asia topic|History of the Jews in}}
[[Pemuda: Istorya de los djudios en Malasia]]
 
[[KategoriMs:History ofSejarah Orang Yahudi di Malaysia|Jews]]
[[Tr: Malezya'daki Yahudilerin tarihi]]
[[Kategori:Jews and Judaism in Malaysia]]
[[Kategori:Ethnic groups in Malaysia|Jews]]
[[Kategori:Jewish history by country|Malaysia]]
 
[[id:Sejarah Yahudi di Malaysia]]
[[en:History of the Jews in Malaysia]]
[[lad:Istorya de los djudios en Malasia]]
[[tr:Malezya'daki Yahudilerin tarihi]]