New Guinea: Perbezaan antara semakan

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Secara antropologi pulau ini dianggap sebagai bahagian daripada [[Melanesia]]. Dari segi politik, bahagian barat pulau terdiri daripada dua [[provinsi]] [[Indonesia]], iaitu [[Papua]] dan [[Papua Barat]]. Sedangkan bahagian timurnya merupakan wilayah daratan dari negara [[Papua New Guinea]]. New Guinea mempunyai penduduk lebih kurang 7.5 juta, dengan kepadatan penduduk yang sangat rendah (hanya 8 orang/km<sup>2</sup>).
 
New Guinea is differentiated from its drier, flatter,[6] and less fertile[7][8] southern counterpart, Australia, by its much higher rainfall and its active volcanic geology, with its highest point, Puncak Jaya, reaching an elevation of 4,884 m (16,023 ft). Yet the two land masses share a similar animal fauna, with marsupials, including wallabies and possums, and the egg-laying monotreme, the spiny anteater, or echidna. Other than bats and some two dozen indigenous rodent genera,[9] there are no pre-human indigenous placental mammals. Pigs, several additional species of rats, and the ancestor of the New Guinea Singing Dog were introduced with human colonization.
 
Keadaan New Guinea berbeza daripada jirannya Australia, yang lebih kering, lebih rata,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/National/Map-from-above-shows-Australia-is-a-very-flat-place/2005/01/21/1106110947946.html|title=Map from above shows Australia is a very flat place|date=21 January 2005|last=Macey|first=Richard|publisher=''[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]''|accessdate=5 April 2010}}</ref> dan lebih kurang subur,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/quantum/info/q95-19-5.htm|title=A Chat with Tim Flannery on Population Control|last=Kelly|first=Karina|publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]]|date=13 September 1995|accessdate=23 April 2010}} "Well, Australia has by far the world's least fertile soils".</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Damaged Dirt|publisher=''[[The Advertiser (Adelaide)|The Advertiser]]''|last=Grant|first= Cameron|url=http://www.1degree.com.au/files/AdvertiserPartworks_Part3_Page8.pdf?download=1&filename=AdvertiserPartworks_Part3_Page8.pdf|date=August 2007|accessdate=23 April 2010}} "Australia has the oldest, most highly weathered soils on the planet."</ref> kerana New Guinea memiliki hujan yang jauh lebih banyak yang dan gunung berapi yang aktif, dengan puncaknya yang paling tinggi, Puncak Jaya, mencapai ketinggian 4.884 m (16.023 kaki). Namun, dua jisim tanah tersebut berkongsi fauna haiwan yang serupa, antara lain berjenis-jenis [[marsupial]] (termasuk [[walabi]] dan [[possum]]) dan monotrem bertelur (tenggiling berduri/echidna). Selain daripada kelawar dan kira-kira dua dozen genera tikus pribumi,<ref>{{Cite journal |title=A Phylogeny of New Guinea Rodent Genera Based on Phallic Morphology |first=W. Z., Jr. |last=Lidicker |journal=Journal of Mammalogy |volume=49 |issue=4 |year=1968 |pages=609–643 |doi=10.2307/1378724 }}</ref> tiada mamalia plasenta tempatan lainnya sebelum kehadiran manusia. Babi, beberapa spesies tikus, dan nenek moyang New Guinea Singing Dog, datang kemudian bersama kolonisasi manusia.
 
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