Semakan pada 12:49, 4 Mei 2007 sunting Syarikat Pemunggahan Rencana (bincang \| sumb.) 19,268 suntingan →‎Tanda dan gejala ← Suntingan sebelumnya		Semakan pada 13:20, 4 Mei 2007 sunting batalkan Syarikat Pemunggahan Rencana (bincang \| sumb.) 19,268 suntingan →‎Prognosis Suntingan berikutnya →
Baris 218: Masalah-masalah emosi yang diakibatkan oleh angin ahmar boleh disebabkan oleh kerosakan langsung kepada pusat-pusat emosi di dalam otak, atau daripada kekecewaan dan kesukaran untuk menyesuaikan diri dengan kekurangan-kekurangan yang baru. Kesukaran-kesukaran emosi selepas serangan angin ahmar termasuk [[kerisauan]], [[serangan panik]], kegagalan untuk menyatakan emosi, [[mania]], apati, dan [[psikosis]]. 30 - 50% daripada pemandiri-pemandiri angin ahmar mengalami [[Kemurungan klinikal\|kemurungan]] selepas menghidap serangan. Kemurungan itu dicirikan oleh [[kelesuan]], [[kerengsaan]], [[gangguan tidur]], [[penghargaan diri]] yang diturunkan, dan [[perangai menyisihkan diri]]. <ref name="Senelick1994">{{cite book \| author=Senelick Richard C., Rossi, Peter W., Dougherty, Karla \| title=Living with Stroke: A Guide For Families \| year=1994 \| publisher=Contemporary Books, Chicago}}</ref> Ia juga boleh menjejaskan [[dorongan]] dan memburukkan hasilnya, tetapi dapat dirawat dengan ubat-ubat [[antidepresan]]. 30 to 50% of stroke survivors suffer post stroke [[Clinical depression\|depression]] ([[Post stroke depression]]), which is characterized by lethargy, irritability, sleep disturbances, lowered self esteem, and withdrawal.<!-- --><ref name="Senelick1994">{{cite book \| author=Senelick Richard C., Rossi, Peter W., Dougherty, Karla \| title=Living with Stroke: A Guide For Families \| year=1994 \| publisher=Contemporary Books, Chicago}}</ref> ~~Depression can reduce motivation and worsen outcome, but can be treated with [[antidepressant]]s.~~ [[Kelabilan emosi]], lagi satu akibat angin ahmar, menyebabkan pesakit beralih dari tinggi dan rendah emosi dan menyatakan emosi secara tidak sesuai, umpamanya ketawa dan menangis berketerlaluan tanpa banyak atau langsung tanpa sebarang sebab. Walaupun penyataan emosi itu biasanya secocok dengan perasaan pesakit yang sebenar, bentuk kelabilan emosi yang lebih teruk mengakibatkan pesakit ketawa dan menangis secara [[patologi]], tanpa mengambil kira konteks atau emosi. <!-- [[Emotional lability]], another consequence of stroke, causes the patient to switch quickly between emotional highs and lows and to express emotions inappropriately, for instance with an excess of laughing or crying with little or no provocation. While these expressions of emotion usually correspond to the patient's actual emotions, a more severe form of emotional lability causes patients to laugh and cry pathologically, without regard to context or emotion.<!-- --><ref name="Coffey2000"/> Sesetengah pesakit menunjukkan lawan terhadap apa yang dirasakan, umpamanya menangis ketika gembira. <!-- ~~Some patients show the opposite of what they feel, for example crying when they are happy.<!--~~ --><ref name="Villarosa1993">{{cite book \| author=Villarosa, Linda, Ed., Singleton, LaFayette, MD, Johnson, Kirk A. \| title=Black Health Library Guide to Stroke \| year=1993 \| publisher=Henry Holt and Company, New York}}</ref> Kelabilan emosi berlaku pada kira-kira 20% daripada pesakit-pesakit angin ahmar. ~~Emotional lability occurs in about 20% of stroke patients.~~ Cognitive deficits resulting from stroke include perceptual disorders, speech problems, [[dementia]], and problems with attention and memory. A stroke sufferer may be perpetually unaware of his or her own disabilities or even the fact that he or she has suffered a stroke. In a condition called [[agnosia]], or neglect, a patient is unable to see anything on the left or right side and is unaware of and unable to conceive of anything on the neglected side.

Angin ahmar: Perbezaan antara semakan