Prob Anisotropi Gelombang Mikro Wilkinson: Perbezaan antara semakan

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'''Prob Anisotropi Gelombang Mikro Wilkinson''' ([[Bahasa Inggeris|Inggeris]]: '''''Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe''''' ('''WMAP'''), juga dikenali sebagai '''''Microwave Anisotropy Probe''''' ('''MAP''') dan '''''Explorer 80''''') ialah sebuah [[kapal angkasa]] yang mengukur perbezaan dalam suhu baki haba sinaran daripada [[Letupan Besar]] - suhu [[sinaran latar belakang gelombang mikro kosmik]] - di seluruh langit.<ref>{{cite web |title= Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe: Overview |url= http://lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/product/map/current/ |work= Legacy Archive for Background Data Analysis (LAMBDA) |publisher= NASA's High Energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) |location= Greenbelt, Maryland |date= August 4, 2009 |quote= The WMAP (Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe) mission is designed to determine the geometry, content, and evolution of the universe via a 13 arcminute FWHM resolution full sky map of the temperature anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background radiation. |accessdate=September 24, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title= Tests of Big Bang: The CMB |url= http://map.gsfc.nasa.gov/universe/bb_tests_cmb.html |work= Universe 101: Our Universe |publisher= NASA|date= July 2009 |quote= Only with very sensitive instruments, such as COBE and WMAP, can cosmologists detect fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background temperature. By studying these fluctuations, cosmologists can learn about the origin of galaxies and large scale structures of galaxies and they can measure the basic parameters of the Big Bang theory. |accessdate=September 24, 2009}}</ref> Misi yang diketuai oleh Profesor [[Charles L. Bennett]] dari [[Universiti Johns Hopkins]] ini telah dibangunkan hasil usaha sama di antara [[Pusat Penerbangan Angkasa Lepas Goddard]] NASA dan [[Universiti Princeton]].<ref name="2003PressRelease" /> Kapal angkasa WMAP telah dilancarkan pada 30 Jun 2001, jam 19:46:46 GDT di Florida. Misi WMAP menggantikan misi angkasa [[Penjelajah Latar Belakang Kosmik|COBE]] dan merupakan kapal angkasa kelas sederhana (MIDEX) kedua [[program Explorer]]. Pada 2003, MAP telah dinamakan semula sebagai WMAP untuk menghargai ahli kosmologi [[David Todd Wilkinson]] (1935 - 2002)<ref name="2003PressRelease" /> yang telah menjadi ahli kumpulan sains misi ini. Pada 20 Disember 2012, [[Prob Anisotropi Gelombang Mikro Wilkinson#Keluaran data 9 tahun|data selama 9 tahun]] dan gambar-gambar berkaitan daripada WMAP telah dikeluarkan.<ref name="Space-20121221">{{cite web |last=Gannon |first=Megan |title=New 'Baby Picture' of Universe Unveiled |url=http://www.space.com/19027-universe-baby-picture-wmap.html|date=December 21, 2012 |publisher=[[Space.com]] |accessdate=December 21, 2012 }}</ref><ref name="arXiv-20121220">{{cite journal |last=Bennett |first=C.L. |last2=Larson |first2=L.|last3=Weiland |first3=J.L. |last4=Jarosk |first4= N. |last5=Hinshaw |first5=N. |last6=Odegard|first6=N. |last7=Smith |first7=K.M. |last8=Hill |first8=R.S. |last9=Gold |first9=B.|last10=Halpern |first10=M. |last11=Komatsu |first11=E. |last12=Nolta |first12=M.R.|last13=Page |first13=L. |last114=Spergel |first14=D.N. |last15=Wollack |first15=E.|last16=Dunkley |first16=J. |last17=Kogut |first17=A. |last18=Limon |first18=M. |last19=Meyer|first19=S.S. |last20=Tucker |first20=G.S. |last21=Wright |first21=E.L. |title=Nine-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Final Maps and Results|url=http://arxiv.org/abs/1212.5225 |arxiv=1212.5225 |date=December 20, 2012|accessdate=December 22, 2012 }}</ref>