[[Fail:Riverina Sheep (during drought).jpg|thumbnail|Kambing biri-biri di [[Riverina]] yang mempunyai industri [[bulu]] besar]]
{{Main|Ekonomi New South Wales}}
Sejak tahun 1970-an, New South Wales telah melalui transformasi ekonomi dan sosial yang semakin pesat. Industri lama seperti keluli dan pembinaan kapal telah sebahagian besarnya hilang, dan walaupun pertanian masih penting, bahagiannya daripada pendapatan di negeri ini adalah lebih kecil berbanding sebelum ini. Industri baru seperti teknologi maklumat dan perkhidmatan kewangan sebahagian besarnya berpusat di Sydney dan telah meningkat untuk mengambil alih dengan banyak syarikat yang mempunyai ibu pejabat Australia mereka di [[Daerah Pusat Perniagaan Sydney|Sydney CBD]]. Di samping itu, kawasan [[Macquarie Park]] di [[Sydney]] telah menarik banyak [[Macquarie Park#Perdagangan dan Perniagaan Australia|ibu pejabat]] firma teknologi maklumat.
Tourism has also become important, with Sydney as its centre but also stimulating growth on the North Coast, around Coffs Harbour and Byron Bay.{{Fact|date=February 2007}} Tourism is worth over $23 billion to the New South Wales economy and employs over 8% of the workforce.<ref>http://corporate.tourism.nsw.gov.au/scripts/runisa.dll?CORPORATELIVE.590808:HOMEPAGE:790544129:pp=UPPER,pc=HOME</ref>
New South Wales had a Gross State Product in 2006 (equivalent to [[Gross Domestic Product]]) of [[Australian dollar|A$]]310 billion which equalled A$45,584 per capita.<ref>[http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Latestproducts/1338.1Main%20Features1202007?opendocument&tabname=Summary&prodno=1338.1&issue=2007&num=&view= 1338.1 - New South Wales in Focus, 2007]</ref>
On 9 October 2007, NSW announced plans to build a 1,000 MW (megawatt) bank of wind powered turbines. The output of these is anticipated to be able to power up to 400,000 homes. The cost of this project will be $1.8 billion for 500 turbines.<ref>[http://www.theregister.com/2007/10/09/wind_farm Australia to get 1,000 megawatt wind farm]</ref>
