Metanol: Perbezaan antara semakan
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Dicipta dengan menterjemah laman "Methanol" |
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Baris 1:
{{Chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 409752739
| ImageFileL1_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageFileL1 = Methanol Lewis.svg
| ImageNameL1 = Skeletal formula of methanol with some explicit hydrogens added
| ImageFileR1 = Methanol-3D-vdW.png
| ImageNameR1 = Spacefill model of methanol
| ImageFileL2 = Methanol-2D.png
| ImageNameL2 = Stereo skeletal formula of methanol with all explicit hydrogen added
| ImageFileR2 = Methanol-3D-balls.png
| ImageNameR2 = Ball and stick model of methanol
| PIN = Methanol<ref name=iupac2013>{{cite book | title = Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book) | publisher = The Royal Society of Chemistry | date = 2014 | location = Cambridge | page = 692 | doi = 10.1039/9781849733069-FP001 | isbn = 978-0-85404-182-4}}</ref>
| OtherNames = Karbinol<br/>Hidroksimetana<br />Metil alkohol<br />Metil hidrat<br />Metil hidroksida<br />Alkohol metilik<br />Metilol
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 67-56-1
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| PubChem = 887
| ChemSpiderID = 864
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| UNII = Y4S76JWI15
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| EINECS = 200-659-6
| UNNumber = 1230
| KEGG = D02309
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| MeSHName = Methanol
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 17790
| ChEMBL = 14688
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| RTECS = PC1400000
| Beilstein = 1098229
| Gmelin = 449
| 3DMet = B01170
| SMILES = CO
| StdInChI = 1S/CH4O/c1-2/h2H,1H3
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| InChI = 1/CH4O/c1-2/h2H,1H3
| StdInChIKey = OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| InChIKey = OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYAX
}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = {{chem|CH|3|OH}}
| MolarMass = 32.04 g mol<sup>−1</sup>
| Appearance = Cecair lutsinar
| Density = 0.792 g·cm<sup>−3</sup><ref>{{RubberBible86th}}</ref>
| BoilingPtC = 64.7
| MeltingPtC = -97.6
| Solubility = boleh larut campur
| RefractIndex = 1.33141<ref>{{cite web|url=http://refractiveindex.info/?group=LIQUIDS&material=Methanol|title=RefractiveIndex.INFO - Refractive index database|publisher=}}</ref>
| VaporPressure = 13.02 kPa (pada 20 °C)
| LogP = -0.69
| pKa = 15.5<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Ballinger | first1 = P. | last2 = Long | first2 = F.A. | year = 1960 | title =Acid Ionization Constants of Alcohols. II. Acidities of Some Substituted Methanols and Related Compounds | journal = J. Am. Chem. Soc. | volume = 82 | issue = 4 | pages = 795–798 | doi = 10.1021/ja01489a008 }}</ref>
| Viscosity = 0.545 mPa×s (at 25 °C) <ref>{{cite journal | last1 = González | first1 = Begoña | year = 2007 | title = Density, dynamic viscosity, and derived properties of binary mixtures of methanol or ethanol with water, ethyl acetate, and methyl acetate at T = (293.15, 298.15, and 303.15) K | journal =
The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics | volume = 39 | issue = 12 | pages = 1578–1588 | doi = 10.1016/j.jct.2007.05.004 }}</ref>
| Dipole = 1.69 D
| MagSus = -21.40·10<sup>−6</sup> sm³/mol
}}
|Section3={{Chembox Hazards
| Hazards_ref = <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ershdb/EmergencyResponseCard_29750029.html#er|title=The Emergency Response Safety and Health Database: Systematic Agent: METHANOL|publisher=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|accessdate=26 Ogos 2009}}</ref>
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS flame}} {{GHS skull and crossbones}} {{GHS health hazard}}<ref name=labchem>{{cite web|title=Methanol|url=http://www.labchem.com/tools/msds/msds/VT430.pdf|website=Lab Chem|publisher=Valtech|accessdate=10 Mac 2016}}</ref>
| GHSSignalWord = '''Danger''' <ref name=labchem/>
| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|225|301|311|331|370}}<ref name=labchem/>
| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|210|233|240|241|242|243|260|264|270|280|301+310|303+361+353|304+340|330|363|370+378|403+233|235|405|501}}<ref name=labchem/>
| NFPA-H = 1<!--https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ershdb/EmergencyResponseCard_29750029.html Do not change, discuss on the talk page first-->
| NFPA-F = 3
| NFPA-R = 0
| FlashPtC = 11 hingga 12
| AutoignitionPtC = 470<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.methanol.org/Health-And-Safety/Safety-Resources/Health---Safety/Methanex-TISH-Guide.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120311081112/http://www.methanol.org/Health-And-Safety/Safety-Resources/Health---Safety/Methanex-TISH-Guide.aspx |dead-url=yes |archive-date=11 Mac 2012 |title=METHANOL INSTITUTE |publisher= |df= }}</ref>
| ExploLimits = 6%-36%<ref name=PGCH/>
| PEL = TWA 200 ppm (260 mg/m<sup>3</sup>)<ref name=PGCH>{{cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0397.html|title=NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards #0397|publisher=National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health}}</ref>
| IDLH = 6000 ppm<ref name=PGCH/>
| LC50 = 64,000 ppm (rat, 4 hr)<ref name=IDLH>{{cite web|url=http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/67561.html|title=Methanol|website=Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health|publisher=National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health}}</ref>
| LD50 = 5628 mg/kg (tikus besar, oral)<br/>7300 mg/kg (tikus kecil, oral)<br/>12880 mg/kg (tikus besar, oral)<br/>14200 mg/kg (arnab, oral)<ref name=IDLH/>
| REL = TWA 200 ppm (260 mg/m<sup>3</sup>) ST 250 ppm (325 mg/m<sup>3</sup>) [kulit]<ref name=PGCH/>
| LCLo = 33,082 ppm (kucing, 6 j)<br/>37,594 ppm (tikus kecil, 2 j)<ref name=IDLH/>
}}
|Section4={{Chembox Related
| OtherCompounds = [[Metanetiol]]<br />[[Silanol]]
}}
}}
'''Metanol''', juga dikenali sebagai '''alkohol metil''' antara lainnya, adalah [[sebatian kimia]] dengan [[Formula kimia|formula]] [[Karbon|C]][[Hidrogen|H]]<sub>3</sub>[[Oksigen|O]][[Hidrogen|H]] (sering singkatan MeOH). Metanol industri pada hari ini dihasilkan melalui proses berpemangkin langsung daripada [[karbon monoksida]], [[karbon dioksida]] dan [[hidrogen]].
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