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The '''National Theatre{{PAGENAME}}''' ([[SerbianBahasa language|SerbianSerbia]]: ''Народно позориште у Београду'' / ''Narodno Pozorište u Beogradu'') was founded in the latterdiasaskan halfpada ofseparuh theahkir [[19thabad centuryke-19]]. ItTeater isini locatedterletak ondi [[Republic Square]], indi [[Belgrade]], [[Serbia]].
== History ==
=== 1999 response ===
During one of the toughest times in Serbian history during the [[1999]] [[NATO]] bombing this theatre was the only one to open its doors to the public during the 78-day air raids. For only 1 [[dinar]], plays were performed to the public.
==Drama, opera, ballet==
===Drama===
The activity of Drama of the National Theatre can be viewed as a development in four stages: from [[1868]] till [[1914]], from [[1918]] till [[1941]], from [[1945]] until [[1991]], and from 1991 till today. The first stage is marked by many tragedies and enactments inspired by mediaeval and modern history, like The Death of Uroš V by Stefan Stefanović. The characteristic of the repertoire of the National Theatre, especially at the end of the 19th century were plays with singing like dramatizations of [[Stevan Sremac]]’s popular short stories: Zona Zamfirova and Ivkova Slava.
In the first two decades of the [[20th century]] the broadening of subject matters was noticeable. Beside [[Branislav Nušić]] others like [[Simo Matavulj]], [[Vojislav Jovanović Marambo]], Mirabo and Milivoj Predić must be mentioned. Koštana by [[Borisav Stanković]] was first shown at the very beginning of the 20th century and it has remained the cult performance of this theatre till this day. In the first stage on the repertoire of the National Theatre were plays written by the most significant writers of all periods: from the earliest ([[Sophocles]]), to [[Shakespeare]], [[Calderon]], [[Molière]], [[Racine]], [[Goldoni]], [[Rostand]], [[Gete]], [[Ibsen]], [[Strindberg]], [[Gogol]], [[Ostrovsky]], [[Chekhov]] and [[Gorky]].
[[Image:Picture 279.jpg|thumb|right|230px|The Grand Hall]]
Between the two world wars, speaking of domestic dramaturgy, the plays of [[Jovan Sterija Popović]], [[Branislav Nušić]], [[Milutin Bojić]], [[Borisav Stanković]], Ivo Vojnović, Milan Begović, Ivan Cankar and Todor Manojlović were staged.
In the period from 1945 till 1953 the plays with clear political message were played. Political changes and certain liberalization characterise the relationship towards the foreign dramaturgy and discovering of the American drama and the works of [[Jonesco]] and [[Becket]].
The seventies and eighties were marked by plays of Borislav Mihajlović Mihiz, [[Aleksandar Popović]], Žarko Komanin, [[Ljubomir Simović]] and [[Jovan Hristić]]. The National Theatre opened its door to the contemporary world dramaturgy. Plays by Martin Mcdona, Erich Emanuel Schmidt, Nina Valsa, Jasmina Reza, Pavel Kohout are played and plays by Serbian contemporary writers [[Siniša Kovačević]], [[Vida Ognjenović]], Jelena Kajgo, Miloš Nikolić, Stevan Pešić can be seen on the stage of the National Theatre.
===Opera===
The music ensemble of the National Theatre in Belgrade were trying very hard to become the professional opera ensemble since [[1882]].
As an independent ensemble, the Opera of the National Theatre began its work in [[1919]]. On 11 February, 1919, under the leadership of the first music director of the Opera Sector of the National Theatre, Stanislav Binički, a conductor, the opera “[[Madam Butterfly]]” by [[Giacomo Puccini]], was performed. The first opera performances were received very favourably, most of them were the operas by Italian composers ([[Gioacchino Rossini|Rossini]], [[Giuseppe Verdi|Verdi]]), and Serbian music was represented by the works of Stevan Hristić (The sunset), and Petar Konjović (Prince of Zeta).
[[Image:Picture 278.jpg|thumb|right|230px|Lobby at the National Theatre]]
The ten years (1924 until 1933) Stevan Hristić was the director of the Belgrade Opera were marked by expansion of the repertoire and the first tour abroad. Conductors like Lovro Matačić, Ivan Brezovšek, directors Branko Gavela and Josip Kulundžić were quite notable in the period between the two wars. Russian singers prevailed in the ensemble, but there were some very good creations of Serbian singers like [[Bahrija Nuri-Hadžić]], [[Zdenka Zikova]], [[Melanija Bugarinović]] and [[Nikola Cvejić]].
After the [[Second World War]], conductor Oskar Danon quickly renewed the activities of the Opera as its general manager. Special attention was dedicated to the domestic opera composers.
‘The golden period’ of the Belgrade Opera is an exceptionally significant period in development and international affirmation of the Serbian operatic art. That period started in [[1954]] with a very successful performance of “Boris Godunov” by Modest Mussorgsky in [[Switzerland]] as a part of a concert cycle “Clubhouse” and recording gramophone records of seven major Russian operas for “Decca”.
The culmination of “The golden period” was an outstanding presentation of “Mazzepa” by [[Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky]] on the stage of the “[[Theater das Westerns]]” in [[West Berlin]]. The most eminent foreign critics pointed out the wholeness of the performance, good teamwork and the beauty of the performing, outstanding soloist creations, acoustic superiority, the homogeneity of the choir and the professional playing of the orchestra of the National Theatre from Belgrade.
===Ballet===
Ballet has always been a big part of the National Theatre Belgrade. One of its most important and most watched ballet performances is the [[Swan Lake]]. Famous Russian ballet dancer [[Konstantin Kostjukov]] is the head of the ballet administration at the National theatre Belgrade.
==Configuration==
Raša Plaović has 281 seats. It is much smaller and less beautiful then the grand hall. It does not have balconies and minor dramas are played out on stage here.
==SeeLihat alsojuga==
* [[Belgrade]]
* [[National theatre]]
==ExternalPautan linksluar==
*[http://www.narodnopozoriste.co.yu/ Official presentation]
[[Category:Teater di Serbia]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Belgrade|National Theatre in Belgrade]] ▼[[Category:TheatresRumah inopera di Serbia|National Theatre in Belgrade]]
[[Category:Opera houses inBudaya Serbia|National Theatre in Belgrade]]
[[Category:SerbianTeater culture|National Theatre in Belgradenegara]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Serbia|National Theatre in Belgrade]]
[[Category:National theatres|National Theatre in Belgrade]]
▲[[ Categoryen: Buildings and structures in Belgrade|National Theatre in Belgrade]]
[[sr: Народно позориште у Београду]]
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