Tujuh Keajaiban Dunia Purba: Perbezaan antara semakan
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[[File:ancient_seven_wonders_timeline.svg|thumb|324px|<!-- 324px is lowest width that text is legible -->Garis masa dan peta Tujuh Keajaiban. Tarikh dalam warna hijau berani dan merah gelap adalah pembinaan dan kemusnahan masing-masing.]]
'''Tujuh Keajaiban Dunia Purba''' ialah senarai [[baharian klasik|pembinaan klasik]] yang diberikan oleh pelbagai penulis dalam buku panduan atau puisi yang terkenal di kalangan pelancong [[Yunani Purba|Helenik]] purba.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Diodorus Siculus|title=Bibliotheca Historica, Books I-V|publisher=Perseus Project, Tufts University|location=2.11.5|url=http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Diod.+2.11.5&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2008.01.0540}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Clayton|first1=Peter A.|last2=Price|first2=Martin|title=The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781136748097|page=158|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Df-AAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA158|accessdate=25 November 2016|language=en|date=2013-08-21}}</ref> Walaupun senarai itu, dalam bentuknya sekarang, tidak menstabilkan hingga [[Zaman Pembaharuan|Renaissance]], senarai pertama tujuh keajaiban yang pertama kali dari abad ke-1 SM. Senarai asal mengilhamkan versi yang tidak terhitung sejak zaman, sering menyenaraikan tujuh kemasukan. Daripada Tujuh Keajaiban yang asal, hanya satu—[[Piramid Agung Kufu|Piramid Besar Giza]] (juga dikenali sebagai Piramid Khufu, selepas firaun yang membinanya), yang tertua dalam keajaiban kuno-tetap kekal utuh. [[Patung Raksasa Rhodes]], [[Rumah Api Iskandariah]], [[Makam Maussollos|Makam di Halicarnassus]], [[Kuil Artemis]] dan [[Berhala Zeus di Olympia|Patung Zeus]] semuanya musnah. Lokasi dan takdir terakhir Taman Tergantung tidak diketahui, dan ada spekulasi bahawa mereka mungkin tidak wujud sama sekali.<ref name=history>{{cite web | title = History of the Past: World History | url = http://worldhistory.byethost8.com/}}</ref><ref name=seven>{{cite web | title = The Seven Wonders | author = Paul Lunde | date = May–June 1980 | publisher = Saudi Aramco World | url = http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/198003/the.seven.wonders.htm | accessdate = 2009-09-12 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20091013125703/http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/198003/the.seven.wonders.htm | archive-date = 2009-10-13 | dead-url = yes | df = }}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last = Clayton | first = Peter | authorlink = |author2=Martin J. Price | title = The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World | publisher = Routledge | year =1990 | location = | page =4 | url = https://books.google.com/?id=n9QOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA4&dq=theamata+seven+wonders | doi = | isbn = 978-0-415-05036-4 | author = }}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Biographical Dictionary Volume III|publisher=Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge|page=48|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9w1FAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA48|accessdate=25 November 2016|language=en|year=1843}}</ref>
==Keajaiban==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Nama
! Tarikh pembinaan
! Pembina
! Tarikh kemusnahan
! Punca kemusnahan
! Lokasi moden
|- style="vertical-align: middle;"
|[[Great Pyramid of Giza]]
|2584{{ndash}}2561 BC
|[[Ancient Egypt|Egyptians]]
| colspan="2;" style="text-align:center;"|''Masih wujud, majoriti façade hilang''
|[[Giza Necropolis]], Egypt<br>{{Coord|29|58|45.03|N|31|08|03.69|E|landmark_scale:2000|display=inline|name=Great Pyramid of Giza}}
|- style="vertical-align: middle;"
|[[Hanging Gardens of Babylon]]<br>(existence unresolved)<ref>There is some conjecture as to whether the Hanging Gardens actually existed, or were purely legendary (see Finkel, Irving (1988) [https://books.google.com/books?id=vGhbJzigPBwC&pg=PA38 “The Hanging Gardens of Babylon,”] In ''The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World'', Edited by Peter Clayton and Martin Price, Routledge, New York, pp. 38 ff. {{ISBN|0-415-05036-7}}).</ref>
|{{Circa|600}} BC (evident)
|[[Babylon]]ians or [[Assyria]]ns
|After 1st century AD
|Unknown
|[[Hillah]] or [[Nineveh]], Iraq<br>{{coord|32.5355|N|44.4275|E|source:kolossus-frwiki|display=inline|name=Hanging Gardens of Babylon}}
|- style="vertical-align: middle;"
|[[Temple of Artemis|Temple of Artemis at Ephesus]]
|{{circa|550}} BC; and again at 323 BC
|[[Ancient Greece|Greeks]], [[Lydians]]
|{{nowrap|356 BC (by Herostratus)}}<br /> AD 262 (by the Goths)
|Arson by [[Herostratus]], plundering
|Near [[Selçuk]], Turkey<br>{{coord|37|56|59|N|27|21|50|E|type:landmark_source:dewiki|display=inline|name=Temple of Artemis at Ephesus}}
|- style="vertical-align: middle;"
|[[Statue of Zeus at Olympia]]
|466{{ndash}}456 BC (temple)<br />435 BC (statue)
|[[Ancient Greece|Greeks]]
|5th{{ndash}}6th centuries AD
|Disassembled and reassembled at Constantinople; later destroyed by fire
|[[Olympia, Greece|Olympia]], Greece<br>{{coord|37|38|16.3|N|21|37|48|E|type:landmark_source:dewiki|display=inline|name=Statue of Zeus at Olympia}}
|- style="vertical-align: middle;"
|[[Mausoleum at Halicarnassus]]
|351 BC
|[[Greeks]],<ref name="Kostof">{{cite book | last = Kostof | first = Spiro | title = A History of Architecture | publisher = Oxford University Press | year = 1985 | location = Oxford | page = 9 | isbn = 0-19-503473-2}}</ref><ref name="Gloag">{{cite book | last = Gloag | first = John | title = Guide to Western Architecture| origyear = 1958 | edition = Revised | year = 1969 | publisher = The Hamlyn Publishing Group | page = 362}}</ref> [[Achaemenid Empire|Persians]], [[Carians]]
|12th{{ndash}}15th century AD
|Earthquakes
|[[Bodrum]], Turkey<br>{{coord|37.0379|N|27.4241|E|type:landmark_source:dewiki|display=inline|name=Mausoleum at Halicarnassus}}
|- style="vertical-align: middle;"
|[[Colossus of Rhodes]]
|292{{ndash}}280 BC
|[[Ancient Greece|Greeks]]
|226 BC
|[[226 BC Rhodes earthquake]]
|[[Rhodes (city)|Rhodes]], Greece<br>{{coord|36|27|04|N|28|13|40|E|type:landmark_source:dewiki:dim:50|display=inline|name=Colossus of Rhodes}}
|- style="vertical-align: middle;"
|[[Lighthouse of Alexandria]]
|{{Circa|280}} BC
|[[Ancient Greece|Greeks]], [[Ptolemaic Kingdom|Ptolemaic Egyptians]]
|AD 1303{{ndash}}1480
|[[1303 Crete earthquake]]
|[[Alexandria]], Egypt<br>{{coord|31|12|50|N|29|53|08|E|type:landmark_source:dewiki|display=inline|name=Lighthouse of Alexandria}}
|}
==Lihat juga==
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