Voltan: Perbezaan antara semakan
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[[Image:High voltage warning.svg|right|thumb|Simbol keselamatan sedunia "Awas, risiko kejutan eletrik" (ISO 3864), secara tidak rasmi dikenali sebagai ''simbol'' [[voltan tinggi|''bervoltan tinggi'']].]]
'''Voltan''' (kadang
==Penjelasan=
===Definasi mathematik===
Potensi perbezaan eletrik di takrifkan sebagai jumlah tenaga diperlukan untuk menggerakkan satu unit cas eletrik dari titik kedua kepada titik pertama, atau samajuga, jumlah tenaga yang satu unit cas mengalir dari titik pertama ke titik kedua boleh berlaku. Potensi perbezaan natara dua titik antara titik a dan b adalah integral talian (''line integral'') bagi medan eletrik '''E''':
: <math>V_a - V_b = \int _a ^b \mathbf{E}\cdot d\mathbf{l}.</math>
==Forlula berguna==
===litar DC ===
:<math> V = \sqrt{PR} </math>
:<math> V = {R*I} </math>
:<math> R = \frac{V}{I} </math>
Where ''V'' = voltage/potential difference, ''I'' = current intensity, ''R'' = resistance, ''P'' = power/watts
===litar AC ===
:<math> V = \frac{P}{I\cos\phi}</math>
:<math> V = \frac{\sqrt{PZ}}{\sqrt{\cos\phi}} \!\ </math>
:<math> V = \frac{IR}{\cos\phi}</math>
Where ''V''=voltage, ''I''=current, ''R''=resistance, ''P''=true power, ''Z''=impedance, ''φ''=phasor angle between ''I'' and ''V''
===Penukaran AC ===
:<math> V_{avg} = .637\,V_{pk} = \frac{2}{\pi} V_{pk} = \frac{\omega}{\pi}\int_0^{\pi/\omega} V_{pk} \sin(\omega t - k x) {\rm{d}}x \!\ </math>
:<math> V_{rms} = .707\,V_{pk} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} V_{pk} = V_{pk} \sqrt{\langle \sin^2(\omega t - k x) \rangle} \!\ </math>
:<math> V_{pk} = 0.5\,V_{ppk} \!\ </math>
:<math> V_{avg} = .319\,V_{ppk}\!\ </math>
:<math> V_{rms} = .354\,V_{ppk} = \frac{1}{2 \sqrt{2}} V_{ppk}\!\ </math>
:<math> V_{avg} = 0.900\,V_{rms} = \frac{2 \sqrt{2}}{\pi} V_{rms}\!\ </math>
Where ''V''<sub>pk</sub>=peak voltage, ''V''<sub>ppk</sub>=peak-to-peak voltage, ''V''<sub>avg</sub>=average voltage over a half-cycle, ''V''<sub>rms</sub>=effective ([[root mean square]]) voltage, and we assumed a sinusoidal wave of the form <math> V_{pk} \sin(\omega t - k x) </math>, with a period <math> T = 2\pi/\omega </math>, and where the angle brackets (in the root-mean-square equation) denote a time average over an entire period.
===Voltan penuh===
Voltage sources and drops in series:
:<math> V_T = V_1 + V_2 + V_3 + ... + V_n \!\ </math>
Voltage sources and drops in parallel:
:<math> V_T = V_1 = V_2 = V_3 = ... = V_n \!\ </math>
Where <math> n \!\ </math> is the nth voltage source or drop
===Penurunan voltan===
Merentasi resistor (Resistor R):
:<math> V_R = IR_R \!\ </math>
Merentasi kapasitor (Capacitor C):
:<math> V_C = IX_C \!\ </math>
Merentasi induktor (Inductor L):
:<math> V_L = IX_L \!\ </math>
Di mana ''V''=voltage, ''I''=current, ''R''=resistance, ''X''=reactance.
== Keselamatan ==
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