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Syarikat Hindia Barat Belanda: Perbezaan antara semakan

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{{Infobox company
| name = West-Indische Compagnie
| image = [[Fail:West-Indisch Huis.jpg|200px]]
| image_caption = [[West-Indisch Huis (Amsterdam)|Rumah Hindia Barat]] di Herenmarkt di [[Amsterdam]], ibu pejabat WIC dari 1623 hingga 1647
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| foundation = {{Start date|1621|06|03}}
| founder = [[Willem Usselincx]] (antaranya)
| defunct = {{End date|1792}}
| location_city =
| location_country =
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| locations = [[Amsterdam]], [[Hoorn]], [[Rotterdam]], [[Groningen (bandar)|Groningen]] dan [[Middelburg]]
| area_served =
| key_people = Heeren XIX
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}}
'''Syarikat Hindia Barat Belanda''' ({{lang-nl|Geoctroyeerde Westindische Compagnie}}, {{IPA-nl|ɣəʔɔktroːˈjeːrdə ʋɛstˈɪndisə kɔmpɑˈɲi}} atau {{lang-nl|'''WIC'''}}; {{lang-ms|Syarikat Hindia Barat Berpiagam}}) merupakan [[syarikat berpiagam]] (dikenali sebagai "WIC") [[saudagar]] [[Belanda]] serta pelabur asing. Antara pengasasnya ialah [[Willem Usselincx]] (1567–1647).<ref>Franklin J. Jameson (1887). Willem Usselinx, Founder of the Dutch and Swedish West India Companies. Ryan Gregory University, New York.</ref> Pada 3 Jun 1621, syarikat ini telah diberikan [[:wikisource:Charter of the Dutch West India Company|piagam]] bagi monopoli perdagangan di [[Hindia Barat Belanda]] oleh [[Republik Belanda|Republik Tujuh Belanda Bersatu]] dan diberikan kuasa ke atas penyertaan Belanda dalam [[perdagangan abdi Atlantik]], [[Brazil]], [[Caribbean]], dan [[Amerika Utara]]. Kawasan syarikat itu boleh beroperasi terdiri daripada [[Afrika Barat]] (di antara [[Garisan Sartan]] dan [[Tanjung Harapan, Afrika Selatan|Tanjung Harapan]]) dan [[Benua Amerika]], yang termasuk [[Lautan Pasifik]] dan bahagian timur [[New Guinea]]. Tujuan piagam yang dirancang adalah untuk menyingkirkan persaingan, terutamnya Sepanyol atau Portugis, antara pelbagai pos perdagangan oleh para saudagar. Syarikat ini memainkan peranan penting dalam [[penjajahan Belanda di Amerika]] yang seketika dan besar (termasuk [[Belanda Baru]]) pada abad ketujuh belas. Dari 1624 hingga 1654, dalam konteks [[Perang Belanda-Portugal]], WIC telah memegang wilayah Portugis di timur laut Brazil, namun mereka diusir dari [[Brazil Belanda]] berikutan penentangan yang sengit.<ref>[[Charles R. Boxer]], 'The Dutch in Brazil, 1624-1654'. Oxford: Clarendon Press 1957.</ref>
 
Setelah beberapa kebalikan, WIC menyusun semula dan piagam baharu telah diberikan pada 1675, terutamanya pada kekuatan dalam [[perdagangan abdi Atlantik]]. Versi "Baharu" ini berthan selama lebih daripada seabad, sehingga selepas [[Perang Inggeris-Belanda Keempat]], pada masa itu syarikat itu kehilangan kebanyakan asetnta.
 
==Lihat juga==
{{portal|Belanda|Bandar Raya New York|Suriname|Syarikat}}
*[[Syarikat Hindia Timur Belanda]]
*[[Perang Belanda-Portugal]]
*[[Dunia Atlantik]]
*[[Penjajahan Belanda di Amerika]]
*[[Sejarah ekonomi Belanda (1500–1815)]]
*[[Senarai ketua pengarah Belanda Baru]]
*[[Senarai syarikat perdagangan]]
*[[Perdagangan abdi Atlantik]]
*[[Piagam Kebebasan dan Pengecualian]]
*[[New Holland (Acadia)]]
*[[Penawanan semula Bahia]]
* [[:fr:Compagnies européennes fondées au XVIIe siècle|Syarikat berpiagam Eropah diasaskan sekitar abad ke-17]] (dalam bahasa Perancis)
 
==Rujukan==
{{reflist|30em}}
 
==Bacaan lanjut==
{{Div col}}
*[[Charles R. Boxer|Boxer, Charles R.]], ''The Dutch in Brazil, 1624-1654''. Oxford: Clarendon Press 1957.
*Ebert, Christopher. "Dutch Trade with Brazil before the Dutch West India Company, 1587–1621." ''Riches from Atlantic Commerce: Dutch Transatlantic Trade and Shipping'' (2003): 1585-1817.
*Emmer, Pieter C. "The West India Company, 1621–1791: Dutch or Atlantic?." ''Companies and trade: Essays on overseas trading companies during the ancien régime'' (1981): 71–95.
*Emmer, Pieter C. ''The Dutch in the Atlantic economy, 1580-1880: Trade, slavery and emancipation''. Vol. 614. Variorum, 1998.
*Frijhoff, W. Th M. "The West India Company and the Reformed Church: Neglect or Concern?." (1997).
* Groesen, Michiel van, (ed.) "The Legacy of Dutch Brazil", Cambridge University Press, 2014.
* Groesen, Michiel van "Amsterdam's Atlantic: Print Culture and the Making of Dutch Brazil", University of Pennsylvania Press, 2017.
*Heijer, Henk den. "The Dutch West India Company, 1621–1791." in Johannes Postma and Victor Enthoven, eds. ''Riches From Atlantic Commerce: Dutch Transatlantic Trade and Shipping, 1585-1817''. Leiden: Brill 2003, 77–114.
*_________. "The West African Trade of the Dutch West Indian Company 1674-1740," in Postma and Enthoven, eds. ''Riches from Atlantic Commerce'', pp.&nbsp;Leiden: Brill 2003, pp.&nbsp;139–69.
* Klooster, Wim. ''The Dutch Moment: War, Trade, and Settlement in the Seventeenth-Century Atlantic World''. (Cornell University Press, 2016). 419 pp.
*Meuwese, Marcus P. " For the Peace and Well-Being of the Country": Intercultural Mediators and Dutch-Indian Relations in New Netherland and Dutch Brazil, 1600-1664. Diss. University of Notre Dame, 2003.
* {{cite book|last=Nederlof|first=Marjo|title=Eerlijckman - 1680-1713: in dienst van het Staatse leger en de West-Indische Compagnie|year=2008|publisher=De Curaçaosche Courant|location=Curaçao|isbn=9789990408201}}
* ''Peltries or plantations: the economic policies of the Dutch West India Company in New Netherland, 1623-1639''. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1969.
*Pijning, Erst. "Idealism and Power: The Dutch West India Company in the Brazil trade (1630-1654)," in Allen L. Macinnes and Arthur H. William (eds.) ''Shaping the Stuart World, 1603-1714: The Atlantic Connection''. Leiden: Brill 2006, 207–32.
*Postma, Johannes. "West-African Exports and the Dutch West India Company, 1675–1731." ''Economisch-en sociaal-historisch jaarboek'' 36 (1973).
*Postma, Johannes. "The dimension of the Dutch slave trade from Western Africa." ''The Journal of African History'' 13.02 (1972): 237–248.
*Rink, Oliver A. "Private Interest and Godly Gain: The West India Company and the Dutch Reformed Church in New Netherland, 1624-1664." New York History 75.3 (1994): 245.
*Ryder, Alan Frederick Charles. "Dutch trade on the Nigerian coast during the seventeenth century." ''Journal of the Historical Society of Nigeria'' 3.2 (1965): 195–210.
*Rutten, Alphons MG. ''Dutch transatlantic medicine trade in the eighteenth century under the cover of the West India Company''. Erasmus Pub., 2000.
* Schmidt, Benjamin, ''Innocence Abroad: The Dutch Imagination and the New World, 1570-1670'', Cambridge: University Press, 2001. {{ISBN|978-0-521-80408-0}}
*Van den Boogaart, Ernst. ''Infernal Allies: The Dutch West India Company and the Tarairiu, 1631-1654''. 1980.
*Van Hoboken, W. J. "The Dutch West India Company: the political background of its rise and decline." ''Britain and the Netherlands'' 1 (1960): 41–61.
*Visscher, Nic Joh. ''A Bibliographical and Historical Essay on the Dutch Books and Pamphlets Relating to New-Netherland, and to the Dutch West-India Company and to Its Possessions in Brazil, Angola Etc., as Also on the Maps, Charts, Etc. of New-Netherland''. Muller, 1867.
*Weslager, Clinton Alfred. ''Dutch explorers, traders and settlers in the Delaware Valley, 1609-1664''. University of Pennsylvania Press, 1961.
*Zandvliet, Kees. ''Mapping for money: maps, plans, and topographic paintings and their role in Dutch Overseas Expansion during the 16th and 17th Centuries''. Amsterdam: Batavian Lion International, 1998.
{{Div col end}}
 
==Pautan luar==
{{Sister project links|s=Charter of the Dutch West India Company|commons=Kategori:West-Indische Compagnie|wikt=no|b=no|q=no|n=no|v=no}}
*[http://www.colonialvoyage.com/ Dutch Portuguese Colonial History] Dutch Portuguese Colonial History: history of the Portuguese and the Dutch in Ceylon, India, Malacca, Bengal, Formosa, Africa, Brazil. Language Heritage, lists of remains, maps.
*[http://www.s4ulanguages.com/wic.html Facsimile of 15 WIC books] Relating about the events in Brazil in the 17th century (PT & NL)
*[http://geneaknowhow.net/in/schepen/overig-schepen/halve-maan-replica.html WIC ship halve maan] The GWC ship the Halve Maan.
*[http://avalon.law.yale.edu/17th_century/westind.asp Charter of the Dutch West India Company] Text of the Charter of the Dutch West India Company: 1621
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070926223653/http://www.atlasgeo.net/fotw/flags/nl-indch.html Netherlands West India Company GWC]
*[http://www.atlasofmutualheritage.nl/en/ Atlas of Mutual Heritage] - online atlas of VOC and WIC settlements
 
{{Dutch colonies|West India}}
{{Economic history of the Netherlands}}
{{Chartered companies}}
 
{{Authority control}}
 
[[Kategori:Syarikat Hindia Barat Belanda| ]]
[[Kategori:Syarikat berpiagam]]
[[Kategori:Syarikat bubar Belanda]]
[[Kategori:Penjajahan belanda di Afrika]]
[[Kategori:Penjajahan Belanda di Amerika]]
[[Kategori:Sejarah Caribbean Belanda]]
[[Kategori:Curaçao dan Wilayah Tanggungan]]
[[Kategori:Gold Coast Belanda]]
[[Kategori:Guiana Belanda]]
[[Kategori:Belanda Baru]]
[[Kategori:Sejarah Africa Barat]]
[[Kategori:Perdangan abdi Afrika]]
[[Kategori:Perdangangan bulu]]
[[Kategori:Bekas monopoli]]
[[Kategori:Syarikat perdagangan]]
[[Kategori:Syarikat berpangkalan di Amsterdam]]
[[Kategori:Syarikat perkapalan Republik Belanda]]
[[Kategori:Syarikat tersenarai dahulu di Bursa Saham Amsterdam]]
[[Kategori:Syarikat ditubuhkan pada 1621]]
[[Kategori:Syarikat dibubarkan pada abad ke-18]]
[[Kategori:Penubuhan 1621 di Republik Belanda]]
[[Kategori:Pembubaran 1792 Republik Belanda]]
[[Kategori:Sejarah tentera Republik Belanda]]
[[Kategori:Sejarah tentera Empayar Belanda]]
[[Kategori:Sejarah laut Republik Belanda]]
[[Kategori:Sejarh Empayar Belanda]]
[[Kategori:Penerokaan Amerika Utara]]
[[Kategori:Hubungan Belanda–United Kingdom]]
[[Kategori:Hubungan Belanda–Amerika Syarikat]]
[[Kategori:Hubungan Belanda–Suriname]]
[[Kategori:Hubungan Belanda–Sepanyol]]
[[Kategori:Hubungan Belanda–Portugal]]
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