Mardi Gras: Perbezaan antara semakan

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Dicipta dengan menterjemah laman "Mardi Gras"
 
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[[Fail:Marseille-carnival-sun-and-moon.jpg|thumb|301x301px|Keraian Mardi Gras di [[Marseille]], Perancis tahun 2009.]]
'''Mardi Gras''' [ˈmɑːrdi ˌɡrɑː, mar-di gra] difahamkan sebagai suatu [[Karnival|perayaan besar-besaran]] bermula pada atau selepas perayaan [[Epifani]] (Hari Tiga Raja) lalu memuncak pada hari [[Selasa]] mengambang sebelum [[Rabu Abu]] ([[ Shrove Selasa |Shrove Tuesday]]). Nama perayaan itu sendiri daripada istilah [[bahasa Perancis]] bermaksud "Selasa Gemuk" yang merujuk kepada amalan memakan makanan [[Lemak|berlemak]] sebelum berpantang dan [[Puasa|berpuasa]] dalam tempoh khusus dpanggil [[Lent]]. Karnival merupakan acara yang penting di negara-negara [[Mazhab gereja|bermazhab]] [[Anglikanisme|Anglikan]] dan [[Gereja Katolik Rom|Katolik]]. <ref name="Melitta Weiss Adamson, Francine Segan 2008">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PPDIx6WWuOQC&pg=PA354&dq=Anglican+Mardi+Gras&hl=en&ei=8am8Tp_PCqPg0QH0t5y-BA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Anglican%20Mardi%20Gras&f=false|title=Entertaining from Ancient Rome to the Super Bowl|last=Melitta Weiss Adamson, Francine Segan|publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]]|year=2008|quote=In Anglican countries, Mardis Gras is known as ''Shrove Tuesday''-from ''shrive'' meaning "confess"-or ''Pancake Day'' — after the breakfast food that symbolizes one final hearty meal of eggs, butter, milk and sugar before the fast. On Ash Wednesday, the morning after Mardi Gras, repentant Christians return to church to receive upon the forehead the sign of the cross in ashes.}}</ref>
 
Tempoh keraian perayaan ini berbeza di banyak tempat mengikut adat yang lazim dalam kalangan masyarakat setempat. [[New Orleans]], negeri [[Louisiana]], [[Amerika Syarikat]] misalnya merangkum Mardi Gras dalam seluruh tempoh dari Twelfth Night (malam terakhir [[Krismas]] memulakan [[Epifani]]) sampailah ke Rabu Abu,<ref name="Wild/Dufour/Cowan (seas/New Orl.)">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CyI14B5pua8C&pg=PA157&lpg=PA157&dq=mardi+gras+season+from+twelfth+night+to+ash+wednesday+new+orleans&source=bl&ots=Gkyp3ICxrc&sig=oAffcFIsie2eIEm_tBQEFblxHqw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjF7MemwtXJAhXL2SYKHf_sANs4ChDoAQgnMAI#v=onepage&q=mardi%20gras%20season%20from%20twelfth%20night%20to%20ash%20wednesday%20new%20orleans&f=false|title=Louisiana, Yesterday and Today: A Historical Guide to the State|last=Wilds|first=John|last2=Charles L. Dufour|last3=Walter G. Cowan|date=1996|publisher=LSU Press|isbn=978-0807118931|location=Baton Rouge|page=157|access-date=11 December 2015}}</ref><ref name="carnivalterminology2">{{cite web|title=Mardi Gras Terminology|work="Mobile Bay Convention & Visitors Bureau"|url=http://www.mobile.org/vis_mardigras_terms.php|accessdate=18 November 2007|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071209165238/http://www.mobile.org/vis_mardigras_terms.php|archivedate=9 December 2007}}</ref> manakala ada sesetengah tempat yang meraikan karival selama tiga harisebelumhari sebelum hari Rabu tersebut.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.crivoice.org/cylent.html|last=Bratcher|first=Dennis|title=The Season of Lent|date=7 January 2010|website=Christian Resource Institute|accessdate=25 June 2016}}</ref> Bahkan, ada juga sesetengah masyarakat yang mengadakan perarakan ini pada [[Tahun Baru]].<ref name="carnivalterminology2" />
'''Mardi Gras''' [ˈmɑːrdi ˌɡrɑː, mar-di gra] difahamkan sebagai suatu [[Karnival|perayaan besar-besaran]] bermula pada atau selepas perayaan [[Epifani]] (Hari Tiga Raja) lalu memuncak pada hari [[Selasa]] mengambang sebelum [[Rabu Abu]] ([[ Shrove Selasa |Shrove Tuesday]]). Nama perayaan itu sendiri daripada istilah [[bahasa Perancis]] bermaksud "Selasa Gemuk" yang merujuk kepada amalan memakan makanan [[Lemak|berlemak]] sebelum berpantang dan [[Puasa|berpuasa]] dalam tempoh khusus dpanggil [[Lent]]. Karnival merupakan acara yang penting di negara-negara [[Mazhab gereja|bermazhab]] [[Anglikanisme|Anglikan]] dan [[Gereja Katolik Rom|Katolik]]. <ref name="Melitta Weiss Adamson, Francine Segan 2008">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PPDIx6WWuOQC&pg=PA354&dq=Anglican+Mardi+Gras&hl=en&ei=8am8Tp_PCqPg0QH0t5y-BA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Anglican%20Mardi%20Gras&f=false|title=Entertaining from Ancient Rome to the Super Bowl|last=Melitta Weiss Adamson, Francine Segan|publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]]|year=2008|quote=In Anglican countries, Mardis Gras is known as ''Shrove Tuesday''-from ''shrive'' meaning "confess"-or ''Pancake Day'' — after the breakfast food that symbolizes one final hearty meal of eggs, butter, milk and sugar before the fast. On Ash Wednesday, the morning after Mardi Gras, repentant Christians return to church to receive upon the forehead the sign of the cross in ashes.}}</ref>
 
Tempoh keraian perayaan ini berbeza di banyak tempat mengikut adat yang lazim dalam kalangan masyarakat setempat. [[New Orleans]], negeri [[Louisiana]], [[Amerika Syarikat]] misalnya merangkum Mardi Gras dalam seluruh tempoh dari Twelfth Night (malam terakhir [[Krismas]] memulakan [[Epifani]]) sampailah ke Rabu Abu,<ref name="Wild/Dufour/Cowan (seas/New Orl.)">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CyI14B5pua8C&pg=PA157&lpg=PA157&dq=mardi+gras+season+from+twelfth+night+to+ash+wednesday+new+orleans&source=bl&ots=Gkyp3ICxrc&sig=oAffcFIsie2eIEm_tBQEFblxHqw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjF7MemwtXJAhXL2SYKHf_sANs4ChDoAQgnMAI#v=onepage&q=mardi%20gras%20season%20from%20twelfth%20night%20to%20ash%20wednesday%20new%20orleans&f=false|title=Louisiana, Yesterday and Today: A Historical Guide to the State|last=Wilds|first=John|last2=Charles L. Dufour|last3=Walter G. Cowan|date=1996|publisher=LSU Press|isbn=978-0807118931|location=Baton Rouge|page=157|access-date=11 December 2015}}</ref> manakala ada sesetengah tempat yang meraikan karival selama tiga harisebelum hari Rabu tersebut. Bahkan, ada juga sesetengah masyarakat yang mengadakan perarakan ini pada [[Tahun Baru]].
 
== Rujukan ==