Perbezaan antara semakan "Bantuan:AFA/Jerman Baku"

Bantuan:AFA/Jerman Baku (sunting)

Semakan pada 06:02, 24 Mac 2020

2,065 bait dibuang ,  10 bulan lalu
tiada ringkasan suntingan
(Mencipta laman baru dengan kandungan '<!-- {{IPA key|H:IPA-DE|H:IPAG|sort=German}} -->Carta di bawah menunjukkan bagaimana Abjad Fonetik Antarabangsa (AFA) menggam...')
 
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{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="54" | [[Konsonan]]
|-
! {{flagicon|Germany}} !! {{flagicon|Austria}} || {{flagicon|Switzerland}}
! rowspan="2" | Contoh !! rowspan="2"
|-
! {{abbr|DE|Jerman Baku Jerman}} !! {{abbr|AT|Jerman Baku Austria}} !! {{abbr|CH|Jerman Baku Switzerland}}
| {{lang|de|beamtet}}<br />({{IPA|[bəˈʔamtət]}})
|-
! colspan="54" | Konsonan bukan asli
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|dʒ}}</big>
| {{lang|de|'''G'''enie}}, {{lang|de|Entoura'''g'''e}}
|-
! colspan="54" | [[Tekanan (linguistik)|Tekanan]]
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ˈ}}</big>
|
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="54" | [[Vokal]]
|-
! {{flagicon|Germany}} !! {{flagicon|Austria}} || {{flagicon|Switzerland}}
! rowspan="2" | Contoh !! rowspan="2" |English approximation
|-
!{{abbr|DE|Jerman Baku Jerman}} !! {{abbr|AT|Jerman Baku Austria}} !! {{abbr|CH|Jerman Baku Switzerland}}
|-
! colspan="54" | [[Monoftong]]
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ä|a}}</big>
| {{lang|de|'''a'''lles}}, {{lang|de|K'''a'''lender}}
| f'''a'''ther, ''but short''
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ä|aː}}</big>
| {{lang|de|'''a'''ber, s'''ah''', St'''aa'''t}}
| f'''a'''ther
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ɛ}}</big>
| {{lang|de|'''E'''nde, h'''ä'''tte}}
| b'''e'''t
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ɛː}}</big>
| {{lang|de|sp'''ä'''t, w'''äh'''len}}
| ''[[Received Pronunciation|RP]]'' h'''air'''
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|eː}}</big>
| {{lang|de|'''e'''ben, g'''eh'''en, M'''ee'''r}}
| m'''a'''te
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ɪ}}</big>
| {{lang|de|'''i'''st}}
| s'''i'''t
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|iː}}</big>
| {{lang|de|l'''ie'''be, Berl'''i'''n, '''ih'''m}}
| s'''ee'''d
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ɔ}}</big>
| {{lang|de|k'''o'''mmen}}
| '''o'''ff
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|oː}}</big>
| {{lang|de|'''o'''der, h'''oh'''e, B'''oo'''t}}
| st'''o'''ry
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|œ}}</big>
| {{lang|de|'''ö'''ffnen}}
| ''somewhat like'' h'''ur'''t
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|øː}}</big>
| {{lang|de|'''Ö'''sterreich}}, {{lang|de|M'''öh'''re}}, {{lang|de|adi'''eu'''}}
| ''somewhat like'' h'''ear'''d
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ʊ}}</big>
| {{lang|de|'''u'''nd}}
| p'''u'''sh
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|uː}}</big>
| {{lang|de|H'''u'''t, K'''uh'''}}
| tr'''ue'''
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ʏ}}</big>
| {{lang|de|m'''ü'''ssen, '''Y'''psilon}}
| ''somewhat like'' c'''u'''te
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|yː}}</big>
| {{lang|de|'''ü'''ber, M'''üh'''e, ps'''y'''chisch}}
| ''somewhat like'' f'''ew'''
|-
! colspan="54" | [[Diphthong]]s
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA|aɪ}}</big>
| {{lang|de|'''ei'''n, K'''ai'''ser, H'''ay'''dn, Verl'''eih''', Sp'''ey'''er}}
| h'''igh'''
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA|aʊ}}</big>
| {{lang|de|'''au'''f}}
| v'''ow'''
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA|ɔʏ}}</big>
| {{lang|de|'''Eu'''ro, H'''äu'''ser}}
| ''roughly like'' ch'''oi'''ce
|-
! colspan="54" | [[Pengurangan vokal|Vokal terkurang]]
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ɐ}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA|ər}}</big>
| {{lang|de|imm'''er'''}}
| {{abbr|DE|German Standard German}}, {{abbr|AT|Austrian Standard German}}: fr'''u'''stration<ref name="schwas">As several other Germanic languages, Standard German has mid {{IPAblink|ə}} and open {{IPAblink|ɐ}} schwas. Care must be taken to clearly distinguish between the two. In English, the former appears in words such as ''bal'''a'''nce'', ''cann'''o'''n'' and ''chairm'''a'''n'' and the latter variably in ''sof'''a''''', ''Chin'''a''''' (especially at the very end of utterance) and, in some dialects, also in '''''a'''go'' and '''''a'''gain'', but one needs to remember that Standard German {{IPAblink|ɐ}} has no such free variation and is always open, just as {{IPAblink|ə}} is always mid. In some English dialects, an unstressed {{IPA|/ʌ/}} in words such as ''fr'''u'''stration'' and ''j'''u'''sticiable'' is a perfect replacement for Standard German {{IPAblink|ɐ}}.</ref>
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ə}}</big>
| {{lang|de|Nam'''e'''}}
| bal'''a'''nce (but not sof'''a''')<ref name="schwas"/>
|-
! colspan="54" | [[Separuh vokal]]
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA|ɐ̯}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA|r}}</big>
| {{lang|de|Uh'''r'''}}
| {{abbr|DE|German Standard German}}, {{abbr|AT|Austrian Standard German}}: sof'''a'''<br/>{{abbr|CH|Swiss Standard German}}: ''Scottish'' fa'''r'''
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|i̯}}</big>
| {{lang|de|Stud'''i'''e}}
| '''y'''ard
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|u̯}}</big>
| {{lang|de|akt'''u'''ell}}
| '''w'''ould
|-
! colspan="54" | Vokal bukan asli
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA|ãː}}</big>
| {{lang|de|Gourm'''and'''}}, {{lang|de|Engagem'''ent'''}}, {{lang|de|Restaur'''ant'''}}, {{lang|de|Ch'''an'''ce}}
| ''French'' Prov'''en'''ce
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA|ɛ̃ː}}</big>
| {{lang|de|Po'''in'''te}}
| ''French'' qu'''in'''ze
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA|ɛɪ̯}}</big>
| {{lang|de|M'''ai'''l}}
| ''roughly like'' f'''a'''ce
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA|õː}}</big>
| {{lang|de|Garç'''on'''}}
| ''French'' Le M'''on'''de
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA|ɔʊ̯}}</big>
| {{lang|de|C'''o'''de}}
| ''American'' g'''oa'''t
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA|œ̃ː}}</big>
| {{lang|de|Parf'''um'''}}
| ''French'' empr'''un'''te
|-
| colspan="2" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA|œːɐ̯}}</big>
| style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA|øːr}}</big>
| {{lang|de|Gouvern'''eur'''}}
| ''roughly like [[Received Pronunciation|RP]]'' b'''ir'''d
|-
! colspan="54" | Vowel yang disingkatkan
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ã}}</big>
| {{lang|de|'''en'''gagieren}}
| ''French'' ch'''an'''son
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ɛ̃}}</big>
| {{lang|de|'''im'''pair}}
| ''French'' v'''ing'''t-et-un
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|e}}</big>
| {{lang|de|'''E'''l'''e'''ment}}
| ''roughly like'' dr'''e'''ss
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|i}}</big>
| {{lang|de|'''I'''talien}}
| s'''ea'''t
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|o}}</big>
| {{lang|de|'''o'''riginell}}
| st'''o'''ry, ''but short''
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|õ}}</big>
| {{lang|de|f'''on'''cé}}
| ''French'' M'''on'''t Blanc
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|œ̃}}</big>
| {{lang|de|L'''un'''dist}}
| ''French'' vingt-et-'''un'''
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|ø}}</big>
| {{lang|de|'''Ö'''konom}}
| ''somewhat like'' h'''ur'''t
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|u}}</big>
| {{lang|de|'''U'''niversität}}, {{lang|de|S'''ou'''venir}}
| tr'''u'''th
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;" | <big>{{IPA link|y}}</big>
| {{lang|de|Ps'''y'''chologie}}
| ''like'' m'''ee'''t, ''but with the lips rounded''
|}
|}
Zulfadli51
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Diambil daripada "https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khas:MobileDiff/4747099"