Raja mutlak: Perbezaan antara semakan
Kandungan dihapus Kandungan ditambah
Rachun Dunia (bincang | sumb.) k Pengemasan |
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Baris 55:
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=BPX0h_wbFtEC
| isbn = 978-1-4344-6210-7}}</ref>
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|{{bendera|Qatar|name=Negara Qatar}}▼
|[[Fail:Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani cropped.jpg|100px]]||[[Yang Amat Mulia]] {{sort|Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani|[[Senarai amir Qatar|Amir]] [[Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani|Tamim bin Hamad]]}}▼
|{{dts|25 Jun 2013}}||{{ayd|2013|06|25}}|| [[Senarai amir Qatar|Warisan]]▼
Status [[Qatar]] <br>sebagai [[raja berperlembagaan]]<ref name=BBC9Sep05>BBC News, [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/3784765.stm ''How democratic is the Middle East?''], 9 September 2005.</ref><ref name=USState2011>United States Department of State [https://www.state.gov/documents/organization/186656.pdf Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2011: Qatar], 2011.</ref> <!--or an [[absolute monarchy]]<ref name=ftManage>{{cite news|last=Gardener |first=David |url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/2e141faa-dd82-11e2-a756-00144feab7de.html#axzz4CEashMmp|title=Qatar shows how to manage a modern monarchy|publisher=[[Financial Times]]}}</ref><ref name=ciaw>{{cite news|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2128.html#qa|title=The World Factbook|publisher=[[CIA Factbook]]}}</ref><ref name=cangov>{{cite news|url=http://www.canadainternational.gc.ca/qatar/bilateral_relations_bilaterales/index.aspx?lang=eng&pedisable=true|title=Canada – Qatar Bilateral Relations|publisher=[[Government of Canada]]}}</ref>--><br>dipertikai. <!--In 2003, the constitution was overwhelmingly approved in a referendum, with almost 98% in favour.<ref>http://www.electionguide.org/results.php?ID=341</ref><ref>https://www.princeton.edu/~pcwcr/reports/qatar2003.html</ref>-->▼
||<ref name="qatar">{{Cite web▼
|author=Government of Qatar ▼
|title=H.H. The Amir's Biography ▼
|publisher=Diwan of the Amiri Court ▼
|url=http://www.diwan.gov.qa/english/the_amir/the_amir_cv.htm ▼
|accessdate=12 November 2011 ▼
|deadurl=yes ▼
|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111202072946/http://www.diwan.gov.qa/english/the_amir/the_amir_cv.htm ▼
|archivedate=2 Disember 2011 ▼
}}</ref>▼
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|{{bendera|Arab Saudi|name=Kerajaan Arab Saudi}}
Baris 96 ⟶ 79:
|{{dts|13 Mac 2013}}||{{ayd|2013|03|13}}||[[Sidang sulit paus|Pemilihan]]|| <ref>{{cite web |title=Argentina's Jorge Mario Bergoglio elected Pope |url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-21777494 |publisher=[[BBC News]] |accessdate=13 March 2013}}</ref>
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Di [[Emiriah Arab Bersatu]], [[Jordan]] dan [[Maghribi]], rajanya mempunyai banyak kuasa tetapi tidak boleh dianggap sebagai [[monarki]] yang mutlak. Manakala di [[Liechtenstein]], hampir dua-pertiga penduduknya yang berhak mengundi telah memberikan kuasa pembatal (veto) kepada ketua negaranya [[Putera Hans-Adam II]].
=== De facto ===
{| class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"
▲|-
! Kerajaan !!Gambar !! Raja !! Sejak !! Tempoh !! Pewarisan !! class=unsortable| Ruj
▲|-
▲|{{bendera|Qatar|name=Negara Qatar}}
▲|[[Fail:Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani cropped.jpg|100px]]||[[Yang Amat Mulia]] {{sort|Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani|[[Senarai amir Qatar|Amir]] [[Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani|Tamim bin Hamad]]}}
▲|{{dts|25 Jun 2013}}||{{ayd|2013|06|25}}|| [[Senarai amir Qatar|Warisan]]
▲Status [[Qatar]] <br>sebagai [[raja berperlembagaan]]<ref name=BBC9Sep05>BBC News, [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/3784765.stm ''How democratic is the Middle East?''], 9 September 2005.</ref><ref name=USState2011>United States Department of State [https://www.state.gov/documents/organization/186656.pdf Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2011: Qatar], 2011.</ref> <!--or an [[absolute monarchy]]<ref name=ftManage>{{cite news|last=Gardener |first=David |url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/2e141faa-dd82-11e2-a756-00144feab7de.html#axzz4CEashMmp|title=Qatar shows how to manage a modern monarchy|publisher=[[Financial Times]]}}</ref><ref name=ciaw>{{cite news|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2128.html#qa|title=The World Factbook|publisher=[[CIA Factbook]]}}</ref><ref name=cangov>{{cite news|url=http://www.canadainternational.gc.ca/qatar/bilateral_relations_bilaterales/index.aspx?lang=eng&pedisable=true|title=Canada – Qatar Bilateral Relations|publisher=[[Government of Canada]]}}</ref>--><br>dipertikai. <!--In 2003, the constitution was overwhelmingly approved in a referendum, with almost 98% in favour.<ref>http://www.electionguide.org/results.php?ID=341</ref><ref>https://www.princeton.edu/~pcwcr/reports/qatar2003.html</ref>-->
▲||<ref name="qatar">{{Cite web
▲ |author=Government of Qatar
▲ |title=H.H. The Amir's Biography
▲ |publisher=Diwan of the Amiri Court
▲ |url=http://www.diwan.gov.qa/english/the_amir/the_amir_cv.htm
▲ |accessdate=12 November 2011
▲ |deadurl=yes
▲ |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111202072946/http://www.diwan.gov.qa/english/the_amir/the_amir_cv.htm
▲ |archivedate=2 Disember 2011
▲}}</ref>
== Lihat juga ==
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