Dakar: Perbezaan antara semakan
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{{Infobox settlement
<!--See Template:Infobox Settlement for additional fields that may be available-->|name=Dakar|p6=HLM|population_density_km2=12510|population_metro=2452656|population_density_metro_km2=4484|population_note=Data here are for the administrative Dakar ''région'', which matches almost exactly the limits of the metropolitan area|postal_code_type=12500|postal_code=|area_code=|website=[https://web.archive.org/web/20180701000000*/http://www.villededakar.org/ villededakar.org] ''(archived)''|footnotes=|p2=Parcelles Assaines|p3=Pattie d'Oies|p4=Hann Bel-Air|p5=Dieuppeul Derklé|p7=Biscuiterie|population_as_of=2013 estimate|p8=Grand Dakar|p9=Plateau|p10=Médina|p11=Fass-Gueule Tapée-Colobane|p12=Fann Point-E|p13=Mermoz-Sacré-Coeur|p14=Ouakam|p15=Yoff|p16=Ngor|p17=Liberté|p18=Grand-Yoff|p19=Cape Verde Peninsula|timezone=[[Greenwich Mean Time|GMT]]|population_footnotes=<ref>[http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=POP&f=tableCode%3A240 UN Data]. Projection based on 2002 census.</ref>|population_total=1146053|native_name=''Ndakaaru''|subdivision_type=Country|settlement_type=[[Ibukota]]|image_skyline=Dakar - Panorama urbain.jpg|image_caption=Pemandangan atas kota|image_seal=Dakar CoA.png|image_shield=|shield_size=|image_map=Dakar districts.svg|map_caption=City of Dakar, divided into 19 ''communes d'arrondissement''|pushpin_map=Senegal#Africa|pushpin_relief=1|pushpin_label_position=<!-- position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->|pushpin_map_caption=Location within Senegal|coordinates={{coord|14|41|34|N|17|26|48|W|region:SN|display=inline,title}}|subdivision_name={{SEN}}|elevation_m=22|subdivision_type1=[[Regions of Senegal|Région]]|subdivision_type2=[[Departments of Senegal|Département]]|subdivision_name1=[[Dakar Region|Dakar]]|subdivision_name2=[[Dakar Department|Dakar]]|established_title=Settled|established_date=15th century|parts_type=Communes d'arrondissement|parts=19|p1=Cambérène|leader_party=[[United to Boost Senegal|BSS]]/PS|leader_title=[[List of mayors of Dakar|Mayor]]|leader_name=[[Soham El Wardini]] (2018)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://en.teles-relay.com/senegal-soham-el-wardini-est-elue-maire-de-dakar-par-le-conseil-municipal-jeuneafrique-com/|title=AFP. 2018-09-29|accessdate=Jul 26, 2020}}</ref>|area_total_km2=83|elevation_footnotes=<ref>[http://www.dakar.climatemps.com/map.php climatemps.com]</ref>|utc_offset=+0}}'''Dakar''' ({{IPA-fr|dakaʁ|lang}}; {{lang-wo|Ndakaaru}})<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Dakar|title=Dakar - definition of Dakar|publisher=The Free Dictionary|accessdate=29 October 2013}} {{IPAc-en|d|10=k|16=k|15=æ|14=d|13=ˈ|12=,_|11=ɑːr|9=ˈ|ə|8=ɑː|7=d|6=,_|5=ɑːr|4=k|ˈ|17=ər}} {{cite dictionary|url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/Dakar|title=Define Dakar|dictionary=Dictionary.com|accessdate=29 October 2013}}</ref> adalah [[ibu negara]] sekaligus [[bandar]] terbesar [[Senegal]]. Penduduknya pusat berjumlah 1,030,594 orang, kawasan sekeliling terangkum berpendudukan sebanyak kira-kira 2.45 juta orang.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web|url=http://www.ansd.sn/publications/analyse_economique_demographique_sociale/SES2005.pdf|title="Situation économique et sociale du Sénégal", édition 2005, page 163|last=Agence Nationale de la Statistique et de la Démographie|first=[[Government of Senegal]]|language=French|format=PDF|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141216080204/http://www.ansd.sn/publications/analyse_economique_demographique_sociale/SES2005.pdf|archivedate=December 16, 2014|accessdate=2007-11-18}}</ref>
Kawasan ini mula dihuni pada abad ke-15, namun ia diluaskan oleh para [[Empayar Portugal|pendatang Portugis]] sebagai suatu pusat [[perdagangan hamba Atlantik]]; [[kerajaan Perancis]] mengambil alih kawasan ini pada 1677. Ia mula dijadikan pelabuhan pesat dan suatu kota utama dalam [[empayar jajahan Perancis]] pada abad ke-15; ia menggantikan [[Saint-Louis, Senegal|Saint-Louis]] sebagai ibukota [[Afrika Barat Perancis]] tahun 1902. Ia mula menjadi ibukota [[Persekutuan Mali]] hasil dasar penyahjajahan empayar Perancis tahun 1959 sebelum ia dipecahkan bersama Republik Senegal pada tahun berikutnya.
Kota ini menjadi tumpuan utama [[Dakar Rally]] sebagai lokasi penamat perlumbaan sehingga ia dipindahkan ke [[Amerika Selatan]] tahun 2007 atas faktor keselamatan di negara [[Mauritania]] yang berjiranan.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.clutchandchrome.com/News/0901/News0901005.htm|title=Motorcycle competitors race away as Dakar Rally leaves Buenos Aires|date=2009-01-03|accessdate=2009-01-03|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090120210942/http://www.clutchandchrome.com/News/0901/News0901005.htm|archivedate=January 20, 2009|publisher=Clutch & Chrome|url-status=dead}}</ref>
== Geografi ==
=== Iklim ===
Kota ini mempunyai suatu [[iklim separuh gersang]] ([[Pengelasan iklim Köppen]]: ''BSh'') dengan suatu musim hujan pendek dan musim hujan kering panjang dipengaruhi arus bawaan [[lautan Atlantik]]. Musim hujan Dakar dari bulan July hingga Oktober manakala selebihnya dialami cuaca panas kering. Namun, [[bayu laut]] masih memberikan suasana yang agak menyejukkan kepada persekitaran bandar.
{{Weather box|location=Dakar, Senegal (1981–2010)|Oct rain days=4.0|Sep humidity=83|Aug humidity=81|Jul humidity=78|Jun humidity=80|May humidity=81|Apr humidity=81|Mar humidity=77|Feb humidity=74|Jan humidity=68|Dec rain days=1.0|Nov rain days=1.0|Sep rain days=12.0|Nov humidity=72|Aug rain days=15.0|Jul rain days=8.0|Jun rain days=3.0|May rain days=0.4|Apr rain days=0.2|Mar rain days=1.0|Feb rain days=1.0|Jan rain days=1.0|Dec rain mm=1.0|Nov rain mm=9.2|Oct rain mm=26.0|Sep rain mm=133.0|Oct humidity=80|Dec humidity=68|Jul rain mm=51.0|Feb percentsun=74|source 2=''Spiegel Online Wetter''<ref name="Spiegel Online Wetter">{{Cite web |url=http://wetter.spiegel.de/spiegel/klima.php?r=afrika&land=SN&stat=61641 |title=Africa, Senegal, Dakar |publisher=Spiegel Online Wetter |accessdate=2014-02-17 }}</ref>|source 1=Pogoda.ru.net<ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/climate2/61641.htm
| title = Climate Averages for Dakar
| language = Russian
| publisher = Weather and Climate (Погода и климат)
| accessdate = 5 May 2016}}</ref>|Dec percentsun=69|Nov percentsun=73|Oct percentsun=70|Sep percentsun=60|Aug percentsun=57|Jul percentsun=58|Jun percentsun=65|May percentsun=73|Apr percentsun=74|Mar percentsun=74|Jan percentsun=70|year humidity=77|Dec sun=238.7
<!--unchecked as of 2014-2-17-->|Nov sun=249.0|Oct sun=257.3|Sep sun=219.0|Aug sun=223.2|Jul sun=232.5|Jun sun=252.0|May sun=291.4|Apr sun=288.0|Mar sun=276.0|Feb sun=245.8|Jan sun=244.9|Aug rain mm=154.0|Jun rain mm=14.0|metric first=Y|Jan high C=25.3|year high C=27.9|Dec high C=27.4|Nov high C=29.8|Oct high C=31.0|Sep high C=30.7|Aug high C=30.3|Jul high C=30.0|Jun high C=28.6|May high C=26.0|Apr high C=25.0|Mar high C=25.4|Feb high C=25.2|Dec record high C=39.5|Feb low C=18.0|Nov record high C=40.3|Oct record high C=39.3|Sep record high C=36.2|Aug record high C=35.0|Jul record high C=36.9|Jun record high C=36.6|May record high C=36.2|Apr record high C=38.4|Mar record high C=40.4|Feb record high C=38.7|Jan record high C=39.6|single line=Y|Jan low C=18.3|Mar low C=18.5|May rain mm=0.1|May record low C=15.4|Apr rain mm=0.0|Mar rain mm=0.3|Feb rain mm=2.0|Jan rain mm=1.0|rain colour=green|Dec record low C=12.4|Nov record low C=17.0|Oct record low C=17.2|Sep record low C=20.0|Aug record low C=20.0|Jul record low C=17.2|Jun record low C=17.0|Apr record low C=14.0|Apr low C=19.2|Mar record low C=10.9|Feb record low C=10.7|Jan record low C=11.0|year low C=22.0|Dec low C=21.0|Nov low C=23.3|Oct low C=25.3|Sep low C=25.2|Aug low C=25.3|Jul low C=25.1|Jun low C=23.5|May low C=20.7|date=May 2016}}
== Bandar-bandar kembar ==
Kota ini [[Bandar kembar|dikembarkan]] dengan:<ref>L. Bigon (2009) ''A History of Urban Planning in Two West African Colonial Capitals: Residential Segregation in British Lagos and French Dakar, 1850-1930'' Lewiston: The Edwin Mellen Press.</ref>{{Div col}}
*{{flagdeco|US}} [[Ann Arbor]], [[Michigan]], Amerika Syarikat{{flagdeco|AZE}} [[Baku]], Azerbaijan<ref name="Azerbaijan twinnings">{{cite web|url=http://www.azerbaijans.com/content_1719_en.html|title=Twin-cities of Azerbaijan|accessdate=2013-08-09|work=Azerbaijans.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://duesseldorfdakarcycling.wordpress.com/2014/08/17/finally-dakar-28-07-2014/|year=2014|title=Monument in Dakar, on which “City Baku” was written in Russian and “City Dakar” in French}}</ref>
*{{flagdeco|CMR}} [[Douala]], Cameroon
*{{flagdeco|IRN}} [[Isfahan]], Iran
*{{flagdeco|ITA}} [[Milan]], Itali<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.comune.milano.it/portale/wps/portal/CDM?WCM_GLOBAL_CONTEXT=/wps/wcm/connect/contentlibrary/In+Comune/In+Comune/Citt+Gemellate/ |title= Città Gemellate |publisher= Comune di Milano | language= Itali |accessdate= 6 April 2012}}</ref>
*{{flagdeco|ALG}} [[Oran]], Algeria
*{{flagdeco|BAN}} [[Rangpur, Bangladesh|Rangpur]], Bangladesh
*{{flagdeco|ARG}} [[Rosario, Santa Fe|Rosario]], Argentina<ref name="Rosario twinnings">{{cite web |url=http://www.rosario.gov.ar/mr/mri/www/city-city-program/town-twinning-agreements |title=Town Twinning Agreements |publisher=Municipalidad de Rosario - Buenos Aires 711 |accessdate=2014-10-14 }}</ref>
*{{flagdeco|GNB}} [[Bissau]], Guinea-Bissau
*{{flagdeco|ROC}} [[Taipei]], Taiwan
*{{flagdeco|US}} [[Washington, D.C.]], A.S<ref name="Washington DC">{{cite web|url=http://os.dc.gov/sites/default/files/dc/sites/os/publication/attachments/OS_DC_Dakar_Renewal_2006.pdf |title=DC Sister City Agreement |publisher=The District of Columbia |accessdate=3 June 2014 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140606225333/http://os.dc.gov/sites/default/files/dc/sites/os/publication/attachments/OS_DC_Dakar_Renewal_2006.pdf |archivedate=6 Jun 2014 }}</ref>
{{Div col end}}
== Rujukan ==
== Pautan luar ==
{{Afrika-stub}}
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