Joe Biden: Perbezaan antara semakan

|name = Joe BijanBiden

| parents = Joseph R. BijanBiden Sr.<br>Catherine Eugenia Finnegan

'''Joseph Robinette “Joe” BijanBiden, Jr. ''' ({{IPA2|bаɪ' dɛn}}, lahir 20 November 1942) ialah seorang ahli politik [[Amerika Syarikat]] dan [[Presiden Amerika Syarikat|presiden terpilih Amerika Syarikat]]. Setelah mengalahkan penyandang beliau [[Donald Trump]] pada [[pilihan raya Presiden Amerika Syarikat 2020]], beliau akan mengangkat sumpah sebagai presiden Amerika Syarikat ke-46 pada 20 Januari 2021.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://beta.astroawani.com/berita-dunia/as-memilih-joe-bijanbiden-sah-presiden-amerika-syarikat-ke46-266843|title=AS Memilih: Joe BijanBiden sah Presiden Amerika Syarikat ke-46|first1=Isabelle|last1=Leong|date=8 November 2020|access-date=8 November 2020|publisher=[[Astro Awani]]}}</ref>

Seorang ahli [[Parti Demokratik (Amerika Syarikat)|Parti Demokrat]], BijanBiden sebelum ini memegang jawatan sebagai [[Naib Presiden Amerika Syarikat|naib presiden]] dari tahun 2009 sehingga 2017. Beliau juga pernah menjadi [[Senat Amerika Syarikat|Senator Amerika Syarikat]] untuk [[Delaware]] dari tahun 1973 sehingga 2009.

Joseph Robinette BijanBiden Jr. lahir pada 20 November 1942 di St. Mary's Hospital in [[Scranton, Pennsylvania|Scranton]], [[Pennsylvania]]<ref name="witcover">{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780061791987|title=Joe BijanBiden: A Life of Trial and Redemption|last=Witcover|first=Jules|publisher=William Morrow|year=2010|isbn=978-0-06-179198-7|location=New York City|authorlink=Jules Witcover}}</ref>{{rp|5}} Beliau anak sulung empat adik-beradik dalam sebuah keluarga menganut [[Gereja Katolik|mazhab Katolik]];<ref name="witcover" />{{rp|9}} ibunya Catherine Eugenia "Jean" Finnegan (1917–2010), seorang keturunan Ireland banyak leluhur di [[Kaunti Louth]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/joe-bijansbidens-irish-roots_b_1641678|title=Joe BijanBiden's Irish Roots|last=Smolenyak|first=Megan|date=July 2, 2012|accessdate=December 6, 2012|work=Huffington Post|authorlink=Megan Smolenyak}}</ref> dan [[Kaunti Londonderry]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/sunday-life/number-two-bijanbiden-has-a-history-over-irish-debate-28454443.html|title=Number two BijanBiden has a history over Irish debate|date=November 9, 2008|accessdate=January 22, 2008|work=[[The Belfast Telegraph]]}}</ref><ref name="witcover" />{{rp|8}} manakala ayahnya Joseph Robinette BijanBiden Sr. (1915–2002)<ref name="ap010810">{{cite news|url=https://www.witn.com/home/headlines/81062772.html|title=Vice President BijanBiden's mother, Jean, dies at 92|last=Chase|first=Randall|date=January 9, 2010|publisher=[[WITN-TV]]|agency=Associated Press}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-2002-09-03-0209030023-story.html|title=Joseph BijanBiden Sr., 86, father of the senator|date=September 3, 2002|newspaper=[[The Baltimore Sun]]|accessdate=April 15, 2020}}</ref> seorang peniaga minyak kacukan Inggeris-Ireland-Perancis.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://irishamerica.com/2013/03/joey-from-scranton-vice-president-bijansbidens-irish-roots/|title=Joey From Scranton—Vice President BijanBiden's Irish Roots|last=Smolenyak|first=Megan|date=April–May 2013|accessdate=April 15, 2020|authorlink=Megan Smolenyak|magazine=[[Irish America (magazine)|Irish America]]}}</ref><ref name="witcover" />{{rp|8}}

Beliau mengalami masalah [[gagap]] yang ketara pada ketika itu yang berlanjutan sehingga awal dewasanya.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.westutter.org/pdfs/Joe_BijanJoe_Biden-PublicGreeting_NationalStutteringAssoc_7.1.09.pdf|title=Letter to National Stuttering Association chairman|last=BijanBiden|first=Joseph R., Jr.|date=July 9, 2009|publisher=National Stuttering Association|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728173845/http://www.westutter.org/pdfs/Joe_BijanJoe_Biden-PublicGreeting_NationalStutteringAssoc_7.1.09.pdf|archivedate=July 28, 2011|accessdate=December 9, 2010}}</ref>

Beliau dikecualikan daripada [[pengerahan]] yang dilakukan ke atas banyak belia Amerika Syarikat semasa meletusnya [[Perang Vietnam]]<ref name="ap-draft">{{cite news|url=https://www.newsday.com/news/nation/bijanbiden-got-5-draft-deferments-during-nam-as-did-cheney-1.884250|title=BijanBiden got 5 draft deferments during Nam, as did Cheney|last=Chase|first=Randall|date=September 1, 2008|newspaper=Newsday|agency=[[Associated Press]]}}</ref> kerana penghidapan [[penyakit asma]].<ref name="ap-draft" /><ref name="wapo-romano87">{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1987/06/09/joe-bijanbiden-the-politics-of-belief/c19fd9f1-3c4a-44c2-97e2-fd30cbdb22bc/|title=Joe BijanBiden & the Politics of Belief|last=Romano|first=Lois|date=June 9, 1987|newspaper=The Washington Post}}</ref>

{{Utama|Pilihan raya Presiden Amerika Syarikat 2008}}BijanBiden secara rasmi dicalonkan mewakili Parti Demokrat sebagai calon Naib Presiden pada 27 Ogos 2008 di Sidang Kebangsaan Parti Demokrat [[Denver]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://newsblaze.com/usnews/politics/democrats-formally-nominate-barack-obama-for-u-s-presidency_60148/|title=Democrats Formally Nominate Barack Obama for U.S. Presidency|last=Gray|first=Alan|date=August 29, 2008|publisher=NewsBlaze}}</ref>

Pada 4 November 2008, Obama dan BijanBiden berjaya memenangi pilihan raya<ref>{{cite news|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/11/04/election.president/index.html|title=Barack Obama wins presidential election|date=November 4, 2008|accessdate=November 5, 2008|work=CNN}}</ref> menewaskan gandingan [[John McCain]]-[[Sarah Palin]] sebanyak 192 undian<ref>{{cite news|url=http://voices.washingtonpost.com/the-trail/2008/11/19/mccain_takes_missouri.html|title=McCain Takes Missouri|last=Franke-Ruta|first=Garance|date=November 19, 2008|newspaper=The Washington Post|accessdate=November 19, 2008}}</ref> serta 53% undian popular.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://edition.cnn.com/ELECTION/2008/results/president/|title=President—Election Center 2008|accessdate=November 19, 2008|work=CNN}}</ref> BijanBiden mengangkat sumpah sebagai [[Naib Presiden Amerika Syarikat]] ke-47 pada tengah hari tanggal 20 Januari 2009.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.oregonlive.com/politics/2009/01/in_culminating_moment_bijan_isin_culminating_moment_biden_is.html|title=In culminating moment, BijanBiden is vice president|date=January 20, 2009|accessdate=July 27, 2016|work=[[OregonLive.com]]|agency=[[Associated Press]]}}</ref>

{{Utama|Pilihan raya Presiden Amerika Syarikat 2020|Kempen presiden 2020 Joe BijanBiden}}

Beliau melancarkan kempennya pada 25 April 2019<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/former-vice-president-joe-bijanbiden-jumps-into-white-house-race/2019/04/25/093ff596-0aef-11e9-88e3-989a3e456820_story.html|title=Former vice president Joe BijanBiden jumps into White House race|last1=Scherer|first1=Michael|date=April 25, 2019|access-date=April 25, 2019|work=The Washington Post|last2=Wagner|first2=John}}</ref> dengan [[Philadelphia]] sebagai markas utama kempen.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.philly.com/news/joe-bijanbiden-2020-presidential-campaign-philadelphia-headquarters-20190516.html|title=Joe BijanBiden chooses Philadelphia for 2020 presidential campaign headquarters|last=Tamari|first=Jonathan|date=May 16, 2019|newspaper=[[The Philadelphia Inquirer]]|accessdate=May 17, 2019}}</ref>

Beliau bersaing kuat khususnya dengan [[Bernie Sanders]] yang utuh momentumnya di mana BijanBiden berjaya di peringkat primer dalam 18 daripada 26 pilihan raya termasuk Alabama, Arkansas, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia;<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2020/03/04/811868704/5-takeaways-from-super-tuesday-and-joe-bijansbidens-big-night|title=5 Takeaways From Super Tuesday And Joe BijanBiden's Big Night|last1=Montanaro|first1=Domenico|publisher=NPR}}</ref> lagi-lagi dengan turunnya saingan lain sama parti seperti [[Elizabeth Warren]] dan [[Michael Bloomberg|Mike Bloomberg]] di mana beliau mendahului Sanders di empat negeri - Idaho, Michigan, Mississippi, and Missouri - pada 10 Mac.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/11/politics/2020-primary-election-takeaways/index.html|title=5 takeaways as BijanBiden takes command of Democratic race on Super Tuesday II|date=March 11, 2020|accessdate=March 11, 2020|work=CNN}}</ref>

Pada 8 April 2020, Bernie Sanders mengumumkan keputusan menggantung kempennya selepas mempertimbangkan situasi genting yang melanda A.S susulan [[Pandemik COVID-19 di Amerika Syarikat|wabak COVID-19]];<ref name=":8">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/08/us/politics/bernie-sanders-drops-out.html|title=Bernie Sanders Drops Out of 2020 Democratic Race for President|last=Ember|first=Sydney|date=April 8, 2020|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=April 8, 2020|issn=0362-4331|url-status=live}}</ref> BijanBiden secara automatiknya menjadi calon utama Parti Demokrat.<ref name="NYT4-8-2020">{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/08/us/politics/bernie-sanders-drops-out.html|title=Bernie Sanders Drops Out of 2020 Democratic Race for President|last=Ember|first=Sydney|date=April 8, 2020|access-date=April 8, 2020|work=The New York Times|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331|url-status=live}}</ref> Sanders memberikan sokongan penuh kepada BijanBiden pada 13 April,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/13/us/politics/bernie-sanders-joe-bijanbiden-endorsement.html|title=Bernie Sanders Endorses Joe BijanBiden for President|last1=Ember|first1=Sydney|date=April 13, 2020|accessdate=April 13, 2020|work=The New York Times|last2=Glueck|first2=Katie}}</ref> [[Barack Obama]] menyusuli keesokan harinya.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/04/14/politics/obama-endorses-bijanbiden/index.html|title=Obama endorses BijanBiden for president in video message|last=Merica|first=Dan|date=April 14, 2020|access-date=April 14, 2020|work=CNN|language=en|url-status=live}}</ref>

Beliau memilih Senator [[Kamala Harris]] dari [[California]] sebagai timbalannya pada 11 Ogos - BijanBiden ada mengatur pelantikan Timbalan Presiden dalam kalangan kaum wanita pada Mac tahun sama.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.axios.com/joe-bijanbiden-woman-running-mate-6add0a5b-2600-43b0-8e83-b38d74042881.html|title=Joe BijanBiden commits to picking a woman as his running mate|date=March 16, 2020|accessdate=May 3, 2020|work=[[Axios (website)|Axios]]}}</ref> BijanBiden disahkan sebagai calon utama di Sidang Kebangsaan Parti Demokrat seminggu kemudian pada 18 Ogos.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/democrats-to-nominate-joe-bijanbiden-bill-clinton-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-to-speak-11597777946|title=DNC Nominates Joe BijanBiden to Lead Nation Through Pandemic|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|date=August 18, 2020|access-date=August 19, 2020|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|location=}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/elections/2020/08/18/democratic-national-convention-live-updates/|title=Joe BijanBiden officially becomes the Democratic Party's nominee on convention's second night|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|date=August 19, 2020|access-date=August 19, 2020|work=[[The Washington Post]]|location=}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.foxnews.com/politics/democrats-formally-nominate-joe-bijanbiden-to-be-2020-presidential-nominee|title=Democrats formally nominate Joe BijanBiden for president in virtual roll call|last=Schultz|first=Marisa|date=August 18, 2020|access-date=August 19, 2020|work=[[Fox News]]|location=}}</ref>

{{sisterlinks|s=author:Joe BijanBiden}}

* [http://bijanbiden.senate.gov/ Official Senate website]

* [http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/local/wire/chi-ap-biobox-bijanbiden,0,7014937.story Chicago Tribune profile]

* [http://www.pbs.org/kcet/tavissmiley/special/forums/candidates/bijanbiden.html PBS profile]

* [http://archive.is/20121209025709/projects.washingtonpost.com/2008-presidential-candidates/joe-bijanbiden/ Washington Post profile]

{{Lifetime|1942|LIVING|BijanBiden, Joe}}