Cereka sains: Perbezaan antara semakan
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'''Cereka sains''' atau '''fiksyen sains''' (Tulisan Jawi: چريک ساءينس, {{lang-en|science fiction}} - dipendekkan sebagai '''SF''' atau '''sci-fi''') merupakan satu genre [[cereka]] luas yang sering melibatkan spekulasi berdasarkan [[sains]] dan [[teknologi]] sekarang dan masa hadapan. Cereka sains sering mengetengahkan kesan teknologi kepada individu manusia, masyarakat, negara dan dunia. Boleh dijumpai dalam buku, seni, televisyen, filem, permainan video, teater dan media lain.
Dalam konteks organisasi atau pemasaran, cereka sains boleh sinonim dengan makna yang lleih luas bagi [[cereka spekulatif]], melingkungi karya kreatif yang mengandungi unsur imaginatif yang tidak ditemui dalam realiti kontemporari; ini termasuklah [[fantasi]] dan [[cereka seram|seram]].<ref name="spec def">{{cite web
|url=http://www.greententacles.com/articles/5/26/
|title=What is Speculative Fiction?
|author=N. E. Lilly
|date=Mac 2002
|accessdate=16 Januari 2007
}}</ref>
<!--tolong translate-Izzudin:
Science fiction differs from fantasy in that, within the context of the story, its imaginary elements are largely possible within established or postulated laws of nature {{Fact|date=December 2007}} (though ''some'' elements in a story might still be pure imaginative speculation).
Science fiction is largely based on writing entertainingly and rationally about alternate possibilities<ref>
{{cite book
| last = Del Rey
| first = Lester
| title = The World of Science Fiction: 1926-1976
| publisher = Ballantine Books
| date =1979
| pages = 5
| id = ISBN 0-345-25452-X }}
</ref>
in settings that are contrary to known reality.
These include:
*A setting in the future, in alternative time lines, or in a historical past that contradicts known facts of history or the archeological record
*A setting in [[outer space]], on other worlds, or involving [[Extraterrestrial life|aliens]]
*Stories that contradict known or supposed laws of nature<ref>
{{cite book
| last = Card
| first = Orson Scott
| title = How to Write Science Fiction and Fantasy
| publisher = Writer's Digest Books
| date =1990
| pages = 17
| id = ISBN 0-89879-416-1}}
</ref>
*Stories that involve discovery or application of new scientific principles, such as [[time travel]] or [[psionics]], or new technology, such as [[nanotechnology]], [[faster-than-light]] travel or [[robot]]s, or of new and different political or social systems <ref>
{{cite book
| last = Hartwell
| first = David G.
| title = Age of Wonders: Exploring the World of Science Fiction
| publisher = Tor Books
| date =1996
| pages = 109-131
| id = ISBN 0-312-86235-0 }}
</ref>
Exploring the consequences of such differences is the traditional purpose of science fiction, making it a "literature of ideas".<ref>
{{cite web
| author = Marg Gilks, Paula Fleming and Moira Allen
| title = Science Fiction: The Literature of Ideas
| work =
| publisher =WritingWorld.com
| date =2003
| url = http://www.writing-world.com/sf/sf.shtml
| accessdate = }}
</ref>-->
== Rujukan ==
{{reflist}}
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