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Anne4321 (bincang | sumb.)
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Anne4321 (bincang | sumb.)
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Baris 1:
==Political career==
== Kehidupan awal dan kerjaya ==
===Mayor of Surakarta===
Joko Widodo dilahirkan dengan nama Mulyono pada 21 Jun 1961 di [[Surakarta]]<ref name="Presiden-RI-JW"/> dan berketurunan [[suku Jawa|Jawa]].<ref name="Name">{{cite web|url=https://news.detik.com/x/detail/investigasi/20170113/Kisah-Mulyono-Menjadi-Joko-Widodo/|title=The Story of Mulyono Becoming Joko Widodo|publisher=detik|language=id|author=Deden Gunawan; Ibad Durohman|date=14 January 2017|access-date=27 July 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200829175915/https://news.detik.com/x/detail/investigasi/20170113/Kisah-Mulyono-Menjadi-Joko-Widodo/|archive-date=29 August 2020}}</ref> Beliau ialah anak sulung daripada empat adik-beradik dan merupakan satu-satunya anak kepada Noto Mihardjo (bapa) dan Sudjiatmi Notomihardjo (ibu). Beliau mempunyai tiga adik perempuan bernama Iit Sriyantini, Ida Yati, dan Titik Relawati.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://jakarta.okezone.com/read/2012/09/20/505/692389/jokowi-kenalkan-adik-dan-ibu-kandungnya-ke-publik|title=Jokowi Kenalkan Adik dan Ibu Kandungnya ke Publik|publisher=Okezone|language=id|author=Anggriawan, Fiddy|date=20 September 2012|access-date=29 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120920193221/http://jakarta.okezone.com/read/2012/09/20/505/692389/jokowi-kenalkan-adik-dan-ibu-kandungnya-ke-publik|archive-date=20 September 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2014/06/30/furniture-business-propels-jokowi-s-path-prominence.html|title=Furniture business propels Jokowi's path to prominence|publisher=The Jakarta Post|author=Hasyim Widhiarto and Kusumari Ayuningtyas|date=30 June 2014|access-date=20 February 2021|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140826105521/https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2014/06/30/furniture-business-propels-jokowi-s-path-prominence.html|archive-date=26 August 2014}}</ref> Bapanya berasal dari Karanganyar, manakala datuk dan neneknya berasal dari sebuah kampung di [[Kabupaten Boyolali|Boyolali]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.metrotvnews.com/read/2014/05/24/245340/dihadapan-pimpinan-muhammadiyah-jokowi-bantah-anti-islam|title=Dihadapan Pimpinan Muhammadiyah, Jokowi Bantah Anti Islam|publisher=MetroTV News|language=id|author=Daryono, Adhi M|date=24 May 2014|access-date=26 May 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150723172409/http://news.metrotvnews.com/read/2014/05/24/245340/dihadapan-pimpinan-muhammadiyah-jokowi-bantah-anti-islam|archive-date=23 July 2015}}</ref> Jokowi sering jatuh sakit semasa beliau masih kecil, dan namanya dengan demikian berubah—amalan biasa dalam budaya Jawa—kepada Joko Widodo, dengan ''widodo'' yang bermaksud "sihat" dalam [[bahasa Jawa]].<ref name="Name"/> Pada usia 12 tahun, Jokowi mula bekerja di bengkel perabot bapanya.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.beritasatu.com/mobile/hiburan/41934-jokowi-anak-tergusur-mau-jadi-gubernur.html|title=Jokowi Anak Tergusur Mau Jadi Gubernur|publisher=Berita Satu|language=id|author=Thayrun, Yon|date=11 April 2012|access-date=29 March 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120626205042/http://www.beritasatu.com/mobile/hiburan/41934-jokowi-anak-tergusur-mau-jadi-gubernur.html|archive-date=26 June 2012}}</ref><ref name="bantaran">{{cite web|url=https://inilah.com/news/1882818/dari-bantaran-kali-menuju-dki-1|title=Dari Bantaran Kali Menuju DKI-1|publisher=Inilahcom|language=id|author=Segu, Vinsensiu|date=16 July 2012|access-date=29 March 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120718190551/http://metropolitan.inilah.com/read/detail/1882818/dari-bantaran-kali-menuju-dki-1|archive-date=18 July 2012}}</ref> Sepanjang zaman kanak-kanaknya, keluarga beliau sentiasa menghadapi pengusiran dari tuan-tuan tanah mereka. Ini sangat memberi kesan kepada beliau, dan kemudian dalam kerjayanya, beliau menganjurkan perumahan perubatan di [[Surakarta]] selama bertahun-tahun beliau sebagai Datuk Bandar bandar itu.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tribunnews.com/lifestyle/2012/09/21/jokowi-kecil-rumah-digusur-tiga-kali-pindah-kontrakan|title=Jokowi Kecil, Rumah Digusur, Tiga Kali Pindah Kontrakan|publisher=Tribunnews|language=id|date=21 September 2012|access-date=29 March 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120925073029/http://www.tribunnews.com/2012/09/21/jokowi-kecil-rumah-digusur-tiga-kali-pindah-kontrakan|archive-date=25 September 2012}}</ref>
[[File:Official Portrait of Joko Widodo as the Mayor of Surakarta.jpg|thumb|Official Portrait of Joko Widodo as the Mayor of Surakarta]]
[[File:Mayor of Surakarta and Vice Mayor of Surakarta in wayang costumes.jpg|thumb|Jokowi as Surakarta's mayor and his deputy [[F. X. Hadi Rudyatmo]] in traditional Javanese ''[[wayang wong]]'' costume.]]
After first joining PDI-P in 2004, Jokowi ran in the [[2005 Surakarta mayoral election|mayoral race in Surakarta in 2005]] with [[F. X. Hadi Rudyatmo]] as his running mate, with the support of PDI-P and the [[National Awakening Party]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.surakarta.go.id/konten/sejarah-pemerintahan|title=Sejarah Pemerintahan|publisher=Pemerintah Kota Surakarta|language=id|date=24 January 2017|access-date=4 November 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170123174139/http://www.surakarta.go.id/konten/sejarah-pemerintahan|archive-date=23 January 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.detik.com/berita/d-2723501/begini-perjalanan-politik-jokowi-si-capres-kerempeng|title=Begini Perjalanan Politik Jokowi, Si 'Capres Kerempeng'|publisher=detik|language=id|date=20 October 2014|access-date=13 October 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161012211038/https://news.detik.com/berita/2723501/begini-perjalanan-politik-jokowi-si-capres-kerempeng|archive-date=12 October 2016}}</ref> The pair won 36.62% of the vote against the incumbent [[Slamet Suryanto]] and two other candidates. During the campaign, many questioned his background as a property and furniture businessman. However, one academic paper claimed his leadership style was successful because it established an interactive relationship with the people, through which he was able to induce people's strong faith in him.<ref name="scribd.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/95952212/Thesis-Local-Leaders-as-Agents-Dramaturgy-on-Political-Communication|title=Local Leaders as Agents: Dramaturgy on Political Communications of City Mayor Joko Widodo of Solo|publisher=Scribd|author=Indrananto, Cahyadi|date=June 2012|access-date=27 January 2014}}</ref> He adopted the development framework of European cities (which he frequently travelled to as a businessman) as a guide for changes in Surakarta.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.solopos.com/joko-widodo-terima-penghargaan-best-city-award-asia-tenggara-317644|title=Joko Widodo Raih Penghargaan Best City Award Asia Tenggara|publisher=Solo Pos|language=id|date=9 August 2012|access-date=26 February 2021|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210226055817/https://www.solopos.com/joko-widodo-terima-penghargaan-best-city-award-asia-tenggara-317644|archive-date=26 February 2021}}</ref>
 
His notable policies as mayor included:<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/11/18/poor-stagnate-while-city-thrives.html|title=Poor Stagnate While City Thrives|publisher=The Jakarta Post|date=18 November 2013|access-date=24 December 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224113401/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/11/18/poor-stagnate-while-city-thrives.html|archive-date=24 December 2013}}</ref> Building new traditional markets and renovating existing markets, constructing a 7-km city walk with a 3-meter wide pedestrian walkway along Surakarta's main street, revitalising the Balekambang and Sriwedari parks, employing stricter regulations on cutting down trees along the city's main streets, rebranding the city as a centre of Javanese culture and tourism under the tagline 'The Spirit of Java', promoting the city as a centre for meetings, incentives, conventions and exhibitions (MICE), launching healthcare and education insurance program for all residents, a local [[bus rapid transit]] system named ''[[Batik Solo Trans]]'' and a Solo Techno Park, which helped support the [[Esemka]] Indonesian car project.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/01/03/surakarta-mayor-uses-car-made-vocational-schools-students.html|title=Surakarta mayor uses car made by vocational schools students|publisher=The Jakarta Post|author=Ayuningtyas, Kusumasari|date=3 January 2012|access-date=24 December 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224154423/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/01/03/surakarta-mayor-uses-car-made-vocational-schools-students.html|archive-date=24 December 2013}}</ref> It was during his tenure as mayor that he conducted the ''blusukan'', an impromptu visit to specific areas to listen to people's issues, which proved popular later in his political career. He also prohibited his family members from bidding for city projects, therefore suppressing the risk of corruption. His policies brought him into conflict with then provincial governor [[Bibit Waluyo]], who on one occasion called Jokowi a "fool" for the latter's opposition to a provincial construction project in Surakarta.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://tirto.id/sejarah-polemik-jokowi-vs-bibit-waluyo-yang-diklaim-dukung-prabowo-dgoX|title=Sejarah Polemik Jokowi vs Bibit Waluyo yang Diklaim Dukung Prabowo|publisher=Tirto.id|language=id|author=N Raditya, Iswara|date=9 February 2019|access-date=20 December 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201224104718/https://tirto.id/sejarah-polemik-jokowi-vs-bibit-waluyo-yang-diklaim-dukung-prabowo-dgoX|archive-date=24 December 2020}}</ref>
 
His supporters pointed to rapid positive changes in Surakarta under his leadership and the city's branding with the motto 'Solo: The Spirit of [[Java]]'. While in office, he successfully relocated antique stalls in the Banjarsari Gardens without incident, a helpful move in revitalising the functions of the open green land; he emphasised the importance of business firms engaging in community activities; he improved communications with the local community by appearing regularly on local television. As a follow-up of the city's new branding, he applied for Surakarta to become a member of the [[Organization of World Heritage Cities]], which was approved in 2006, and subsequently had the city chosen to host the organisation's conference in October 2008. In 2007, Surakarta had also hosted the [[World Music Festival|World Music Festival (Festival Musik Dunia/FMD)]], held at the complex of [[Fort Vastenburg]] near the centre of the city. The following year, it was held in the [[Mangkunegaran Palace|Mangkunegaran Palace Complex]].
 
Part of Jokowi's style was his populist 'can-do' (''punya gaye'') elements designed to build bonds with the broad electorate.<ref name="scribd.com"/> As mayor, he became personally involved in an incident just before Christmas 2011 when the Surakarta municipality had overdue bills of close to $1 million (IDR 8.9 billion) owed to the state-owned electricity company ''[[Perusahaan Listrik Negara]]'' (PLN). Following its policy of pursuing a more disciplined approach to collecting overdue bills, it imposed a blackout on street lights in the city just before Christmas. The city government quickly authorised payment, but in settling the bill, protested that the PLN should consider the public interest before taking such action. To reinforce the point, Jokowi made a highly publicised personal visit to the local PLN office to deliver the IDR 8.9 billion in cash in the form of hundreds of bundles of notes and even small coins.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/01/04/residents-surakarta-accompany-mayor-pay-pln.html|title=Residents of Surakarta accompany mayor to pay PLN|publisher=The Jakarta Post|author=Ayuningtyas, Kusumasari|date=4 January 2012|access-date=21 September 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921040230/https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/01/04/residents-surakarta-accompany-mayor-pay-pln.html|archive-date=21 September 2013}}</ref>
 
In 2010, he was [[2010 Surakarta mayoral election|re-elected for a second term]], again running with Hadi. They won 90.09% of the vote, losing in only a single polling station.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://regional.kompas.com/read/2010/05/21/03402631/Kemenangan.Fenomenal.Jokowi-Rudy|title=Kemenangan Fenomenal Jokowi-Rudy|publisher=KOMPAS|language=id|date=21 May 2010|access-date=3 August 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110822224439/https://regional.kompas.com/read/2010/05/21/03402631/Kemenangan.Fenomenal.Jokowi-Rudy|archive-date=22 August 2011}}</ref> He was later chosen as the 'Tempo Leader of Choice' by [[Tempo (Indonesian magazine)|Tempo news magazine]] (2008) and received a 'Changemakers Award' from [[Republika (Indonesian newspaper)|Republika newspaper]] (2010); his name also started being considered in national polls for the governorship of Jakarta, long before PDI-P's nomination, including those by [[University of Indonesia]] and Cyrus Network (2011).<ref name="scribd.com"/>
 
In 2012, Jokowi faced a smear campaign after declaring his intention to run for the [[2012 Jakarta gubernatorial election|governorship of Jakarta]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.republika.co.id/berita/menuju-jakarta-1/news/12/08/08/m8g2ta-fitnah-ibu-jokowi-rhoma-terancam-dipidanakan|title=Fitnah Ibu Jokowi, Rhoma Terancam Dipidanakan|publisher=Republika|author=Sasmita, Ira|date=8 August 2012|access-date=3 March 2021|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121116005513/https://www.republika.co.id/berita/menuju-jakarta-1/news/12/08/08/m8g2ta-fitnah-ibu-jokowi-rhoma-terancam-dipidanakan|archive-date=16 November 2012}}</ref> A group calling itself ''Save Solo, Save Jakarta and Save Indonesia Team'' (TS3) reported him to the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) for allegedly having facilitated misuse of education funds by his subordinates in Surakarta in 2010. The KPK investigated the allegation, found it was based on false data and said there was no indication Jokowi had misappropriated funds.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2014/10/15/no-jokowi-trails-education-fund-corruption-says-kpk.html|title=No Jokowi trails in education fund corruption, says KPK|publisher=The Jakarta Post|date=15 October 2014|access-date=3 March 2021|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141016215908/https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2014/10/15/no-jokowi-trails-education-fund-corruption-says-kpk.html|archive-date=16 October 2014}}</ref>
 
===Governor of Jakarta===
{{multiple image|align=right|direction=horizontal|caption_align=center|image1=Gubernur DKI Jokowi.jpg|width1=131|footer=Jokowi's two versions of official portrait as [[Governor of Jakarta]] (2012)|image2=Gubernur DKI Joko Widodo.jpg|width2=108}}
Despite disappointment from some Surakarta residents that he would not complete his second term as mayor,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/03/20/surakarta-residents-disappointed-jokowi-s-jakarta-bid.html|title=Surakarta residents disappointed by Jokowi's Jakarta bid|publisher=The Jakarta Post|author=Ayuningtyas, Kusumasari|date=20 March 2012|access-date=22 March 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120322220523/https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/03/20/surakarta-residents-disappointed-jokowi-s-jakarta-bid.html|archive-date=22 March 2012}}</ref> Jokowi ran in the 2012 Jakarta gubernatorial election and defeated the incumbent [[Fauzi Bowo]] in a runoff round.<ref name="jakartapostrealbattle"/> His inner circle of advisers in Jakarta reportedly included people such as FX Hadi 'Rudy' Rudyatmo, Sumartono Hadinoto and Anggit Nugroho, who were colleagues while he was mayor of Surakarta, as well as [[Basuki Tjahaja Purnama]] ("Ahok"), his deputy as governor of Jakarta.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/11/20/man-house-man-moment.html|title=Man of the house, man of the moment|publisher=The Jakarta Post|author=Dewi, Sita W.|date=20 November 2013|access-date=21 November 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131121122901/https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/11/20/man-house-man-moment.html|archive-date=21 November 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/11/18/jokowi-s-star-appeal-making-hay-while-sun-shines.html|title=Jokowi's star appeal: Making hay while sun shines|publisher=The Jakarta Post|date=18 November 2013|access-date=20 November 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131120235656/https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/11/18/jokowi-s-star-appeal-making-hay-while-sun-shines.html|archive-date=20 November 2013}}</ref> Jokowi continued the ''blusukan'' practice he had adopted as mayor of Surakarta by regularly visiting population centers, especially slums. During these visits, he wore simple, informal clothes and stopped at markets or walked along narrow Jakarta alleys to listen and witness firsthand issues addressed by residents, such as the price of food, housing difficulties, flooding, and transportation. Polling and media coverage suggested that his hands-on style proved very popular both in Jakarta and elsewhere across Indonesia.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/01/22/editorial-start-working-jokowi.html|title=Editorial: Start working, Jokowi|publisher=The Jakarta Post|date=22 January 2013|access-date=25 January 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130125004337/https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/01/22/editorial-start-working-jokowi.html|archive-date=25 January 2013}}</ref>
 
After taking office, taxes and Jakarta's provincial budget increased significantly from IDR 41 trillion in 2012 to IDR 72 trillion in 2014.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://money.kompas.com/read/2014/03/17/1241166/Dipimpin.Jokowi.Pendapatan.DKI.Naik.Rp.31.Triliun.dalam.Setahun|title=Dipimpin Jokowi, Pendapatan DKI Naik Rp 31 Triliun dalam Setahun|publisher=KOMPAS|language=id|author=Suryowati, Estu|date=17 March 2014|access-date=20 March 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328142143/https://money.kompas.com/read/2014/03/17/1241166/Dipimpin.Jokowi.Pendapatan.DKI.Naik.Rp.31.Triliun.dalam.Setahun|archive-date=28 March 2019}}</ref><ref>Pernyataan PAD 72 Triliun diralat sebagai APBD, bukan PAD oleh Kepala Dinas Pelayanan Pajak DKI Jakarta Iwan Setiawandi</ref> Both Jokowi and Ahok publicised their monthly salary and the provincial budget.<ref name="bbcjokowi">{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/berita_indonesia/2014/01/140128_hague_jokowi|title=Menlu Inggris dukung transparansi Jokowi|publisher=BBC|language=id|date=28 January 2014|access-date=15 March 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170910125338/https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/berita_indonesia/2014/01/140128_hague_jokowi|archive-date=10 September 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.detik.com/read/2013/03/14/140113/2193892/10/transparansi-jokowi-ini-dia-poster-apbd-2013?nd771104bcj|title=Transparansi Jokowi, Ini Dia Poster APBD 2013|publisher=detik|language=id|author=Ray, Jordan|date=14 March 2013|access-date=15 March 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130317031904/http://news.detik.com/read/2013/03/14/140113/2193892/10/transparansi-jokowi-ini-dia-poster-apbd-2013?nd771104bcj|archive-date=17 March 2013}}</ref> They also initiated programs aimed towards transparency, such as online taxes, e-budgeting, e-purchasing, and a cash management system.<ref name="bbcjokowi"/> Moreover, all meetings and activities that Jokowi and Ahok attended were recorded and uploaded on YouTube.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.detik.com/read/2012/11/14/083943/2091106/10/ini-alasan-jokowi-setuju-rapat-pemprov-dki-ditampilkan-di-youtube|title=Ini Alasan Jokowi Setuju Rapat Pemprov DKI Ditampilkan di Youtube|publisher=detik|language=id|author=Juwari, Ahmad|date=14 November 2012|access-date=15 March 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121117020920/http://news.detik.com/read/2012/11/14/083943/2091106/10/ini-alasan-jokowi-setuju-rapat-pemprov-dki-ditampilkan-di-youtube|archive-date=17 November 2012}}</ref>
 
[[File:Jokowi blusukan.jpg|left|thumb|Jokowi on a ''blusukan'' neighborhood visit in Jakarta]]
In healthcare, Jokowi introduced a universal health care program, the 'Healthy Jakarta Card' (''Kartu Jakarta Sehat'', KJS).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.development.asia/PDF/issue15/devasia-15-web-4-nov-2013-14-overdue-antidote.pdf|title=Overdue Antidote|publisher=Asian Development Bank|author=McCawley, Tom|date=November 2013|access-date=24 December 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224102842/http://www.development.asia/PDF/issue15/devasia-15-web-4-nov-2013-14-overdue-antidote.pdf|archive-date=24 December 2013}}</ref> It involved an insurance program provided through state-owned insurance company PT Askes Indonesia (''Persero'') and a plan to regulate health charges for treatment for over 20,000 services and procedures.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/12/22/jokowi-care-a-pilot-project-upcoming-national-health-plan.html|title='Jokowi-care' a pilot project for upcoming national health plan|publisher=The Jakarta Post|date=22 December 2013|access-date=23 December 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131223234154/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/12/22/jokowi-care-a-pilot-project-upcoming-national-health-plan.html|archive-date=23 December 2013}}</ref> The program was criticised for confusion over details of the implementation and long queues,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/12/22/a-report-card-jakarta-s-healthcare-program.html|title=A report card for Jakarta'shealthcare program|publisher=The Jakarta Post|author=|date=22 December 2013|access-date=22 December 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131222080231/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/12/22/a-report-card-jakarta-s-healthcare-program.html|archive-date=22 December 2013}}</ref> though Jokowi defended it and counselled patience. In education, Jokowi launched the 'Smart Jakarta Card' (''Kartu Jakarta Pintar'', KJP) on 1 December 2012 to help needy students. It gives an allowance that can be withdrawn from ATMs for buying school needs such as books and uniforms.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.antaranews.com/berita/346355/kartu-jakarta-pintar-diluncurkan|title=Kartu Jakarta Pintar diluncurkan|publisher=Antara News|language=id|date=1 December 2012|access-date=4 December 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121204135942/https://www.antaranews.com/berita/346355/kartu-jakarta-pintar-diluncurkan|archive-date=4 December 2012}}</ref>
 
His administration's other notable policies include a system of bureaucratic recruitment called ''lelang jabatan'' (literally 'auction of office position'), giving every civil servant the same opportunity to achieve a certain position by fulfilling the required qualifications,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.apsc.gov.au/aps-employment-policy-and-advice/merit|title=Leading and shaping a unified, high performing APS|publisher=Australian Public Service Commission|access-date=24 July 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150725062826/http://www.apsc.gov.au/aps-employment-policy-and-advice/merit|archive-date=25 July 2015}}</ref> regulation of the chaotic agglomeration of street vendors in [[Pasar Minggu]] and Pasar Tanah Abang,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://republika.co.id/berita/nasional/jabodetabek-nasional/13/11/13/mw6ogn-jokowi-resmikan-lokasi-baru-pkl-pasar-minggu|title=Jokowi Resmikan Lokasi Baru 'PKL' Pasar Minggu"|publisher=Republika|language=id|author=Sa'diyah, Halimatus|date=13 November 2013|access-date=22 October 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181022153426/https://republika.co.id/berita/nasional/jabodetabek-nasional/13/11/13/mw6ogn-jokowi-resmikan-lokasi-baru-pkl-pasar-minggu|archive-date=22 October 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.detik.com/berita/d-2336405/-pkl-jokowi-doang-gubernur-yang-bisa-rombak-tanah-abang-|title=PKL: Jokowi Doang Gubernur yang Bisa Rombak Tanah Abang|publisher=detik|language=id|date=21 August 2013|access-date=22 October 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181022193506/https://news.detik.com/berita/d-2336405/-pkl-jokowi-doang-gubernur-yang-bisa-rombak-tanah-abang-|archive-date=22 October 2018}}</ref> the dredging and reservoir normalisation projects to reduce flooding,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.detik.com/berita/d-2279672/diplomasi-makan-siang-jokowi-dan-warga-waduk-pluit-berlanjut-pekan-depan|title=Diplomasi Makan Siang Jokowi dan Warga Waduk Pluit Berlanjut Pekan Depan|publisher=detik|language=id|date=21 June 2013|access-date=21 June 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200114152119/http://news.detik.com/berita/d-2279672/diplomasi-makan-siang-jokowi-dan-warga-waduk-pluit-berlanjut-pekan-depan|archive-date=14 January 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.liputan6.com/news/read/813313/bpbd-berkat-kerja-jokowi-banjir-2014-tak-separah-2013|title=BPBD: Berkat Kerja Jokowi, Banjir 2014 Tak Separah 2013|publisher=Liputan6|language=id|author=Riz|date=29 January 2014|access-date=15 March 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181009211618/https://www.liputan6.com/news/read/813313/bpbd-berkat-kerja-jokowi-banjir-2014-tak-separah-2013|archive-date=9 October 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.merdeka.com/jakarta/perdana-menteri-belanda-nilai-jokowi-pemimpin-hebat.html|title=Perdana Menteri Belanda nilai Jokowi pemimpin hebat|publisher=Merdeka|language=id|author=Lestari, Mustiana|date=21 November 2013|access-date=15 March 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131124013722/https://www.merdeka.com/jakarta/perdana-menteri-belanda-nilai-jokowi-pemimpin-hebat.html|archive-date=24 November 2013}}</ref> and the inauguration of long-delayed [[Jakarta MRT]] and [[Jakarta Light Rail Transit|Jakarta LRT]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.voaindonesia.com/a/1766755.html|title=Proyek Pembangunan MRT Jakarta Resmi Dimulai|publisher=VOA Indonesia|language=id|date=10 October 2013|access-date=15 March 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170729094711/https://www.voaindonesia.com/a/1766755.html|archive-date=29 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2015/09/09/jokowi-kicks-lrt-construction.html|title=Jokowi kicks off LRT construction|publisher=The Jakarta Post|author=Margi, Raditya|date=9 September 2015|access-date=21 September 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150912233300/https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2015/09/09/jokowi-kicks-lrt-construction.html|archive-date=12 September 2015}}</ref> As governor, Jokowi also appointed a non-Muslim 'lurah' (subdistrict chief) for the Muslim-majority subdistrict of Lenteng Agung despite protests by some residents.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/08/29/jokowi-stands-christian-subdistrict-head.html|title=Jokowi stands by Christian subdistrict head|publisher=The Jakarta Post|author=Dewi, Sita W.|date=29 August 2013|access-date=9 October 2019|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130901220606/https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/08/29/jokowi-stands-christian-subdistrict-head.html|archive-date=1 September 2013}}</ref> Former deputy governor [[Prijanto]] claimed that Widodo had carried out maladministration when abusing government certificate asset of BMW Park by formalising another expired certificate.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://republika.co.id/berita/n5x01l/prijanto-jokowi-tak-paham-administrasi|title=Prijanto: Jokowi Tak Paham Administrasi|publisher=Republika|language=id|author=Faqih, Mansyur|date=21 May 2014|access-date=20 December 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804023543/https://republika.co.id/berita/n5x01l/prijanto-jokowi-tak-paham-administrasi|archive-date=4 August 2020}}</ref>
 
In 2013, Jokowi was reported to the [[National Commission on Human Rights (Indonesia)|National Commission on Human Rights]] over the eviction of the squatters near [[Pluit]]. In previous "political contracts", he had vowed not to evict residents to distant locations.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.merdeka.com/foto/jakarta/239689/20130827191852-alami-kekerasan-warga-waduk-pluit-laporkan-jokowi-ke-komnas-ham-001-isniqbal-nugroho.html|title=Alami kekerasan, Warga Waduk Pluit laporkan Jokowi ke Komnas HAM|publisher=Merdeka|language=id|author=Buhori, Imam|date=27 August 2013|access-date=18 May 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303055200/https://www.merdeka.com/foto/jakarta/239689/20130827191852-alami-kekerasan-warga-waduk-pluit-laporkan-jokowi-ke-komnas-ham-001-isniqbal-nugroho.html|archive-date=3 March 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2016/03/16/remember-your-promises-city-s-poor-tell-jokowi-daily-rallies.html|title='Remember your promises,'city's poor tell Jokowi in daily rallies|publisher=The Jakarta Post|date=16 March 2016|access-date=9 October 2019|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160317071249/https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2016/03/16/remember-your-promises-city-s-poor-tell-jokowi-daily-rallies.html|archive-date=17 March 2016}}</ref> Jokowi met with Pluit residents and Komnas HAM to explain the evictions were necessary for restoring water catchment to reduce flooding and that families were being relocated to low-cost apartments.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/05/18/governor-and-human-rights-body-meet-pluit-long-last.html|title=Governor and human rights body meet on Pluit, at long last|publisher=The Jakarta Post|author=Dewi, Sita W.|date=18 May 2013|access-date=3 March 2021|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130607042907/https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/05/18/governor-and-human-rights-body-meet-pluit-long-last.html|archive-date=7 June 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/05/22/jokowi-sits-same-table-with-pluit-dam-residents.html|title=Jokowi sits at same table with Pluit Dam residents|publisher=The Jakarta Post|author=Dewi, Sita W.|date=22 May 2013|access-date=3 March 2021|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130607042937/https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/05/22/jokowi-sits-same-table-with-pluit-dam-residents.html|archive-date=7 June 2013}}</ref>
 
==Multilateral meetings==
Diambil daripada "https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pengguna:Anne4321/Kotak_pasir"