Pengguna:Anne4321/Kotak pasir: Perbezaan antara semakan

Pada tahun pertama penggal kedua Jokowi sebagai presiden, penarafan persetujuannya jatuh kepada 45.2%, dan penarafan yang tidak bersetuju adalah 52%.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2020/10/20/13525311/survei-litbang-kompas-setahun-jokowi-maruf-525-persen-tak-puas-452-persen|title=Survei Litbang Kompas Setahun Jokowi-Ma'ruf: 52,5 Persen Tak Puas, 45,2 Persen Puas|publisher=Kompas|language=id|author=Halim, Devina|date=20 October 2020|access-date=24 December 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022112807/https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2020/10/20/13525311/survei-litbang-kompas-setahun-jokowi-maruf-525-persen-tak-puas-452-persen|archive-date=22 October 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://republika.co.id/berita/qiwy5k354/survei-ipo-kepuasan-publik-terhadap-pemerintah-menurun|title=Survei IPO: Kepuasan Publik Terhadap Pemerintah Menurun|publisher=Republika|language=id|author=Akbar, Nawir Arsyad|date=28 October 2020|access-date=24 December 2020|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201031011329/https://republika.co.id/berita/qiwy5k354/survei-ipo-kepuasan-publik-terhadap-pemerintah-menurun|archive-date=31 October 2020}}</ref> Timbalannya, [[Ma'ruf Amin]], mempunyai penarafan 67% tidak bersetuju. Penarafan rendah ini disebabkan oleh dasar yang tidak popular.

 

Sebelum memegang jawatan, Jokowi meminta Presiden [[Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono]] (SBY) yang akan meninggalkan jawatan untuk bertanggungjawab atas keputusan menaikkan lagi harga bahan api<ref name="bbc.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-23015511|title=Indonesia fuel prices rocket by 44% sparking protests|publisher=BBC|date=22 June 2013|access-date=23 July 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140321025930/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-23015511|archive-date=21 March 2014}}</ref> dengan menghapuskan lagi subsidi.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2014/08/28/jokowi-fails-persuade-sby-fuel-subsidy.html|title=Jokowi fails to persuade SBY on fuel subsidy|publisher=The Jakarta Post|author=Jong, Hans Nicholas; Erviani, Ni Komang|date=28 August 2014|access-date=23 July 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140830160534/https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2014/08/28/jokowi-fails-persuade-sby-fuel-subsidy.html|archive-date=30 August 2014}}</ref> Percubaan SBY sebelum ini untuk berbuat demikian telah mengakibatkan kekacauan awam.<ref name="bbc.com"/> Pada 1 Januari 2015, Jokowi mengambil langkah yang, pada zahirnya, nampaknya mengurangkan subsidi bahan api.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2015/09/28/04/53/socar031815a|title=IMF Survey: Indonesia—Moving in a New Direction|publisher=International Monetary Fund|date=19 March 2015|access-date=23 July 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170819021908/https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2015/09/28/04/53/socar031815a|archive-date=19 August 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-12-31/widodo-makes-biggest-change-to-indonesias-fuel-subsidy-system|title=Widodo Makes Biggest Change to Indonesia Fuel Subsidies: Economy|publisher=Bloomberg|author=Fitri Wulandari; Eko Listiyorini; Sharon Chen|date=31 December 2014|access-date=18 July 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150228121047/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2014-12-31/widodo-makes-biggest-change-to-indonesias-fuel-subsidy-system|archive-date=28 February 2015}}</ref> Dasar itu mencetuskan beberapa demonstrasi, dan Jokowi berkata ianya perlu untuk meningkatkan pembiayaan bagi sektor infrastruktur, pendidikan dan kesihatan.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://thejakartaglobe.beritasatu.com/business/jokowi-eyes-infrastructure-focus-fuel-subsidy-cut/|title=Jokowi Eyes Infrastructure Focus With Fuel Subsidy Cut|publisher=Jakarta Globe|author=Bisara, Dion; Azhari, Muhamad Al|date=18 November 2014|access-date=18 November 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141120015743/http://thejakartaglobe.beritasatu.com/business/jokowi-eyes-infrastructure-focus-fuel-subsidy-cut/|archive-date=20 November 2014}}</ref> Walau bagaimanapun, sejak Mac 2015, kerajaan telah menetapkan harga petrol berjenama Premium jauh di bawah harga pasaran, menyebabkan subsidi bahan api ditanggung oleh syarikat minyak milik kerajaan, [[Pertamina]] dan bukannya akaun langsung kerajaan.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2015/08/03/jokowi-worries-big-forces-hampering-govt-projects-policies.html|title=Jokowi worries 'big forces' hampering govt projects, policies|publisher=The Jakarta Post|author=Cahyafitri, Raras|date=3 August 2015|access-date=3 August 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150823093004/https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2015/08/03/jokowi-worries-big-forces-hampering-govt-projects-policies.html|archive-date=23 August 2015}}</ref> Di samping itu, kerajaan juga melaksanakan program satu harga, yang bertujuan untuk menjual bahan api melalui saluran rasmi pada harga yang sama di seluruh negara, termasuk di bahagian terpencil di [[Kalimantan]] dan [[Papua]]. Kerajaan mendakwa bahawa ini telah dicapai pada tahun 2017.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.antaranews.com/news/114161/government-achieves-2017-single-fuel-price-target-minister|title=Government achieves 2017 single-fuel price target: Minister|publisher=Antara News|author=Syafril, Afut|date=8 January 2018|access-date=18 July 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180108142300/https://en.antaranews.com/news/114161/government-achieves-2017-single-fuel-price-target-minister|archive-date=8 January 2018}}</ref>

 

 

Jokowi's administration continued the [[resource nationalism]] policy of its predecessor, nationalising some assets controlled by multinational companies such as [[Freeport McMoRan]], [[Total SA]] and [[Chevron Corporation|Chevron]]. In 2018, in a move aimed to cut imports, oil companies operating in Indonesia were ordered to sell their crude oil to state-owned [[Pertamina]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/economic-nationalism-is-back-in-indonesia-as-election-approaches|title=Economic nationalism is back in Indonesia as election approaches|publisher=The Straits Times|date=17 September 2018|access-date=18 September 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918160618/https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/economic-nationalism-is-back-in-indonesia-as-election-approaches|archive-date=18 September 2018}}</ref> A ban was also enforced on the exports of raw nickel ore, intended to help promote the development of local nickel-related industries such as smelters and battery factories.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-09-02/resource-nationalism-on-the-march-as-indonesia-tightens-curbs|title=Indonesia's Nickel Ban Shows Resource Nationalism on the March|publisher=Bloomberg|author=Listiyorini, Eko|date=2 September 2019|access-date=15 February 2021|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200821043140/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-09-02/resource-nationalism-on-the-march-as-indonesia-tightens-curbs|archive-date=21 August 2020}}</ref>