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In 1914, [[Ernest Rutherford, 1st Baron Rutherford of Nelson|Ernest Rutherford]] and [[Edward Andrade]] showed that gamma rays were a form of electromagnetic radiation by measuring their wavelengths using [[X-ray crystallography|crystal diffraction]]. The measured wavelengths were similar to those of X-rays and are very short, in the range of 10<sup>-11</sup> m to 10<sup>-14</sup> m. It was [[Paul Ulrich Villard]] who coined the name 'gamma rays', in keeping with Rutherford's naming of 'alpha' and 'beta' radiation; the individual natures of the different rays were unknown at that time.
Gamma-ray astronomy did not develop until it was possible to get detectors above all or most of the atmosphere, using balloons or spacecraft. The first gamma-ray telescope, carried into orbit on the Explorer XI satellite in 1961, picked up fewer than 100 cosmic gamma-ray photons. Perhaps the most spectacular discovery in gamma-ray astronomy came in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Detectors on board the [[Vela (satellite)|Vela satellite]] series, originally military satellites, began to record bursts of these rays, not from Earth, but from deep space.<ref>[[NASA]] EM spectrum infopage – http://imagers.gsfc.nasa.gov/ems/gamma.html</ref>
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== Rujukan ==
# Kelly, K. (2005). ''Radiation may have positive effects on health: study -- Low, chronic doses of gamma radiation had beneficial effects on meadow voles'' University of Toronto
<references />
== Pautan luar ==
*[http://www.rerf.or.jp/eigo/radefx/basickno/whatis.htm Basic reference on several types of radiation]
*[http://www.meds.com/pdq/radio.html Medical-related information on gamma radiation]
*[http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Therapy/radiation Radiation Q & A]
*[http://www.gcsechemistry.com/pwav46.htm GCSE information]
*[http://www.saic.com/products/security/relocatable-vacis/relocatable-vacis-faq.html Radiation facts]
*[http://www.physics.isu.edu/radinf Radiation information]
*[http://www.astro.caltech.edu/~ejb/faq.html Gamma ray bursts]
*[http://nucleardata.nuclear.lu.se/NuclearData/toi/ The Lund/LBNL Nuclear Data Search] - Contains information on gamma-ray energies from isotopes.
*[http://grapevine.com.au/~pbeirwirth/gamma.html Mapping soils with airborne detectors]
{{EMSpectrum}}
[[Kategori:Spektrum elektromagnet]]
[[ar:أشعة غاما]]
[[ast:Radiación gamma]]
[[id:Sinar gamma]]
[[zh-min-nan:Gamma siā-soàⁿ]]
[[bs:Gama zračenje]]
[[ca:Radiació gamma]]
[[cs:Záření gama]]
[[da:Gammastråling]]
[[de:Gammastrahlung]]
[[et:Gammakiirgus]]
[[es:Rayos gamma]]
[[eo:Gama-radiado]]
[[fa:پرتو گاما]]
[[fr:Rayon gamma]]
[[gl:Radiación gamma]]
[[ko:감마선]]
[[hr:Gama-zračenje]]
[[is:Gammageisli]]
[[it:Raggi gamma]]
[[he:קרינת גמא]]
[[lv:Gamma stari]]
[[hu:Gamma-sugárzás]]
[[nl:Gammastraling]]
[[ja:ガンマ線]]
[[no:Gammastråling]]
[[pl:Promieniowanie gamma]]
[[pt:Radiação gama]]
[[ro:Raze gamma]]
[[ru:Гамма-излучение]]
[[simple:Gamma ray]]
[[sk:Žiarenie gama]]
[[sl:Žarek gama]]
[[sr:Гама зрачење]]
[[fi:Gammasäteily]]
[[sv:Gammastrålning]]
[[ta:காம்மா அலைகள்]]
[[vi:Tia gamma]]
[[tr:Gama ışınları]]
[[uk:Гамма-випромінювання]]
[[zh:伽马射线]]
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