Indo-Iran: Perbezaan antara semakan

[[File:Andronovo culture.png|thumb|The [[Sintashta-Petrovka]] culture (''red'') expanded into the [[Andronovo culture]] (''orange'') in the [[2nd millennium BC]], overlapping the [[Bactria–Margiana Archaeological Complex|Oxus civilization]] (''green'') in the south; it includes the area of the earliest [[chariot]]s (''pink'').]]

Orang Indo-Iran, yang juga dikenali sebagai orang Indo-Iran oleh para sarjana, <ref name="Dashti2012">{{cite book |author=Naseer Dashti |title=The Baloch and Balochistan: A historical account from the Beginning to the fall of the Baloch State |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=3fxYAAAAQBAJ |date=8 October 2012|publisher=Trafford Publishing|isbn=978-1-4669-5897-5}}</ref> dan kadang-kadang sebagai Arya atau Aryans dari sebutan mereka sendiri, adalah sekumpulan orang Indo-Eropah yang membawa bahasa Indo-Iran, cabang utama keluarga bahasa Indo-Eropah, ke bahagian utama Eurasia pada bahagian kedua milenium ke-3 SM. Mereka akhirnya bercabang menjadi orang Iran dan orang Indo-Arya.

The term ''[[Aryan]]'' has been used historically to denote the ''Indo-Iranians'', because ''Arya'' is the self-designation of the ancient speakers of the [[Indo-Iranian languages]], specifically the [[Iranian peoples|Iranian]] and the [[Indo-Aryan peoples]], collectively known as the Indo-Iranians.<ref>The "Aryan" Language, Gherardo Gnoli, Instituto Italiano per l'Africa e l'Oriente, Roma, 2002.</ref><ref>. Schmitt, "Aryans" in Encyclopedia Iranica: Excerpt:"The name “Aryan” (OInd. ā́rya-, Ir. *arya- [with short a-], in Old Pers. ariya-, Av. airiia-, etc.) is the self-designation of the peoples of Ancient India and Ancient Iran who spoke Aryan languages, in contrast to the “non-Aryan” peoples of those “Aryan” countries (cf. OInd. an-ā́rya-, Av. an-airiia-, etc.), and lives on in ethnic names like Alan (Lat. Alani, NPers. īrān, Oss. Ir and Iron.". Also accessed online: [http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/aryans] in May, 2010</ref> Some scholars now use the term Indo-Iranian to refer to this group, while the term "Aryan" is used to mean "Indo-Iranian" by other scholars such as [[Josef Wiesehofer]],<ref>Wiesehofer, Joseph: ''Ancient Persia''. New York: 1996. I.B. Tauris. Recommends the use by scholars of the term Aryan to describe the Eastern, not the Western, branch of the Indo-European peoples (see "Aryan" in index)</ref> [[Will Durant]],<ref>Durant, Will: ''Our Oriental Heritage''. New York: 1954. Simon and Schuster. According to Will Durant on Page 286: “the name Aryan first appears in the [name] ''Harri'', one of the tribes of the [[Mitanni]]. In general it was the self-given appellation of the tribes living near or coming from the [southern] shores of the [[Caspian sea]]. The term is properly applied today chiefly to the [[Mitanni]]ans, [[Hittites]], [[Medes]], [[Persian people|Persians]], and [[Indo-Aryans|Vedic Hindus]], i.e., only to the ''eastern'' branch of the Indo-European peoples, whose ''western'' branch populated [[Europe]].”</ref> and Jaakko Häkkinen.<ref name="Häkkinen2012a">{{cite book |last=Häkkinen|first=Jaakko|title=Per Urales ad Orientem (Festschrift for Juha Janhunen on the occasion of his 60th birthday on 12 February 2012) |year=2012|publisher=Finno-Ugric Society|location=Helsinki|isbn=978-952-5667-34-9 |url = http://www.sgr.fi/sust/sust264/sust264_hakkinenj.pdf |editor=Tiina Hyytiäinen |editor2=Lotta Jalava |editor3=Janne Saarikivi |editor4=Erika Sandman|access-date=12 November 2013 |chapter=Early contacts between Uralic and Yukaghir }}</ref><ref name="Häkkinen 2012b">{{cite web |last=Häkkinen|first=Jaakko|title=Problems in the method and interpretations of the computational phylogenetics based on linguistic data – An example of wishful thinking: Bouckaert et al. 2012|url=http://www.elisanet.fi/alkupera/Problems_of_phylogenetics.pdf|work=Jaakko Häkkisen puolikuiva alkuperäsivusto|publisher=Jaakko Häkkinen|access-date=12 November 2013|date=23 September 2012}}</ref> [[Population genetics|Population geneticist]] [[Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza]], in his 1994 book ''The History and Geography of Human Genes'', also uses the term Aryan to describe the Indo-Iranians.<ref>{{Citation |first1= Luigi Luca |last1= Cavalli-Sforza |author-link= Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza |first2= Paolo |last2= Menozzi |first3= Alberto |last3= Piazza |title= The History and Geography of Human Genes |year= 1994 |publisher= [[Princeton University Press]] |location= [[Princeton, New Jersey]] |isbn= 978-0-691-08750-4 |page = See "Aryan" in index }}</ref>