Kereta Api Bawah Tanah Beijing: Perbezaan antara semakan

'''Beijing Subway''' ({{zh-stp|s=北京地铁|t=北京地鐵|p=Běijīng Dìtiě}}) merupakan rangkaian landasan transit rapid yang beroperasi di daerah perbandaran dan sub-perbandaran di Majlis Perbandaran Beijing. Ia mempunyai 5 lorong, meliputi 142 km bagi laluan trek dan 83 stesen<ref>Terdapat 93 stesen untuk menghubungkan stesen dengan persimpangan selepas dikira bersama</ref> kini dalam pengoperasian dan dapat menampung sekurang-kurangnya 3.4 juta sehari,<ref>http://www.china.com.cn/tech/txt/2008-05/29/content_15533051.htm</ref> Beijing Subway ialah yang tersibuk di tanah besar China, dan kedua terpanjang selepas [[Shanghai Subway]]. Seramai 4.3 juta penumpang direkodkan pada [[30 April]] [[2008]].<ref> http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-05/09/content_8136610.htm</ref> Rangkaian ini tidak memadai bagi memenuhi keperluan transit massa di bandar raya dan sedang berada dalam projek penambahan landasan bagi [[Sukan Olimpik 2008]] dan masa depan. Pelan yang dirancang membuka peluang kepada 19 lorong dan 561 km bagi laluan trek dalam pengoperasiannya pada [[2015]].<ref>http://intl.2008.cctv.com/html/article/20080121/153232.shtml</ref>

 

[[Image:Beijingsubway2007.png|thumb|center|600px|Beijing Subway sepertimana pada 07-10-2007 (Tidak Berskala)]]

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! width="220"|Terminal (Wilayah)

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A flat fare of '''[[Renminbi|RMB(¥)]] 2.00''' with unlimited transfers applies throughout the metro system. This flat fare will also apply to all future lines except the planned Airport Line. Children less than 1.2m in height who are accompanied by a paying adult may ride for free.<ref> http://en.beijing2008.cn/news/olympiccities/beijing/n214393841.shtml</ref>

 

Before the flat fare was introduced on [[October 7]], [[2007]], fares ranged from [[Renminbi|¥]]3 to [[Renminbi|¥]]5, depending on line and number of transfers.

 

The subway system is closed in the evenings after midnight. The first trains depart terminals at around 5 a.m. and the last trains depart terminals at around 10:45 p.m. For precise hours and frequency of service, check the official schedule [http://www.bjsubway.com/chinese_ver/cczn/TimeTable.asp].

 

{{main|Line 1, Beijing Subway}}[[Image:Tian'anmen East.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Tian'anmen East Station on Line 1]]

Line 1 bisects the city horizontally, running east-west in nearly a straight line beneath the grand [[Chang'an Avenue]]. It begins in [[Pingguoyuan]], at the foot of the [[Western Hills]] in heart of the industrial [[Shijingshan District]] and runs west, past the [[Military Museum of the Chinese People's Revolution|Military Museum]] in [[Haidian District]] and the banking center of [[Xidan]] in [[Xicheng District]] before reaching [[Tiananmen Square]] in the heart of the city. After stops on either side of the Square, Line 1 continues east, passing major the shopping thoroughfares [[Wangfujing]] and [[Dongdan]] in [[Dongcheng District]], before entering the [[Beijing CBD]] of [[Chaoyang District]], where the [[Silk Street]] at [[Yonganli]] and office towers at [[China World Trade Center|Guomao]] attract large numbers of foreign visitors and expatriates. Line 1 terminates at [[Sihuidong]] (Sihui East), in a residential neighborhood just beyond the [[Fourth Ring Road]], but passengers connecting to the Batong Line can head further east, to the suburban district of [[Tongzhou District|Tongzhou]].

[[Image:Beijing Subway Shuangqiao BT New Trainset.jpg|thumb|260px|A SFX01/02 train is approaching Shuangqiao Station over the [[Jingtong Expressway]] (Batong Line).]]

 

{{main|Line Batong, Beijing Subway}}

The Batong Line, extends Line 1 from [[Sihui]], a highway cloverleaf in [[Chaoyang District]] to [[Tuqiao]] in the eastern suburban district of [[Tongzhou District|Tongzhou]]. The line derives its name from the first characters of Bawangfan (八王坟), the neighborhood name for Sihui, and Tongzhou (通州). The Batong Line is completely above ground and runs mostly in the median of the [[Jingtong Expressway]].

The rolling stock maintenance facility is located at Tuqiao.

 

{{main|Line 2, Beijing Subway}}

[[Image:20030510234628 - 北京站.jpg|thumb|320px|right|Entrance to subway Line 2 stop(foreground) at the [[Beijing Railway Station]] (background).]]

 

 

{{main|Line 5, Beijing Subway}}

 

Line 5 stations: [[Tiantongyuanbei]] (Tiantongyuan North), [[Tiantongyuan]], [[Tiantongyuannan]] (Tiantongyuan South), [[Lishuiqiao]] (Lishui Bridge)(interchange with Line 13), [[Lishuiqiaonan]] (Lishui Bridge South), [[Beiyuanlubei]] (Beiyuan Road North), [[Datunludong]] (Datun Road East), [[Huixinxijiebeikou]] (Huixin West Street North Intersection), [[Huixinxijienankou]] ((Huixin West Street South Intersection) (interchange with Line 10), [[Hepingxiqiao]], [[Hepinglibeijie]] (Hepingli North Street), [[Yonghegong]] (Yonghe Lamasery)(interchange with Line 2), [[Beixinqiao]], [[Zhangzizhonglu]] ([[Zhang Zizhong]] Road), [[Dongsi]], [[Dengshikou]], [[Dongdan]] (interchange with Line 1), [[Chongwenmen]] (interchange with Line 2), [[Ciqikou]], [[Tiantan Dongmen]] ([[Temple of Heaven]] East Gate), [[Puhuangyu]], [[Liujiayao]], [[Songjiazhuang]] (interchange with Line 10).

 

[[Image:Beijing Subway Longze station.jpg‎|thumb|300px|Longze Station (Line 13)]]

 

[[Image:Beijing-Subway-Plan.png|thumb|center|600px|A map of some of the planned lines for the Beijing Subway]]

 

[[Line 8, Beijing Subway|Line 8]] is planned to be built in three phases. The first phase is the 4.53 km [[Olympic Spur Line]], which will connect the [[Beijing Olympic Village|Olympic village]] with Line 10, north of the city. It will run from [[Beitucheng]] to [[Senlingongyuan]] (Forest Park 森林公园). Construction began in [[2004]] and the spur is scheduled to open on [[June 30]], [[2008]].

 

Phase II will extend Line 8 northward past Line 13. The Changping District government has commenced land clearing for Line 8's extension.<ref>http://bj.house.sina.com.cn/news/2008-01-30/0759237453.html</ref> Phase III will extend the line southward through the city center to the southern 4th Ring Road.

 

{{main|Line 10, Beijing Subway}}

Line 10 will begin at [[Bagou]] near Wanliu Park in [[Haidian District]] and run straight east, following the northern section of the Mongol [[city wall]], before turning south along the [[3rd Ring Road]]. It will connect the [[university district]] and [[Zhongguancun]] (Beijing’s silicon village) in [[Haidian]] with the [[embassy district]] and [[Beijing CBD]] in [[Chaoyang District]]. The first phase, 24.68 km in length, with 22 stations will end at [[Jinsong]], just south of [[Guomao]]. Construction began in December 2003 and the first phase is scheduled to open by the end of June 2008. A trip from Wanliu to Jinsong is expected to take 40 minutes.

Planned stations include: Majialou (interchange with Line 4), Nanyuan West, [[5th Ring Road]], Xihongmen, Jinxing Lu, Zaoyuan, Qingyuan Lu, Huangcun Dajie, Huangcun Railway Station, Yihezhuang, Beijing Biomedical Production Base, Nanzhao Lu.

 

The Beijing Subway was the first to be built in [[mainland China]]. It was originally conceived amidst heightened national security concerns during the [[Sino-Soviet split]] in the early 1960s. Chairman [[Mao Zedong]] approved the project on [[February 4]], [[1965]], telling engineers to design and build with care and to be prepared to make adjustments as there was “bound to be plenty of mistakes and setbacks.” <ref>http://www.syditie.com/data/2005/1121/article_101.htm</ref> Construction began on [[July 1]], [[1965]] at a ceremony attended by national leaders including [[Zhu De]], [[Deng Xiaoping]], and mayor [[Peng Zhen]]. The initial line was completed by [[National Day of the People's Republic of China|National Day]], [[October 1]], of [[1969]]. It ran 21 km from the army barracks in the Western Hills to the [[Beijing Railway Station]] with 16 stations. This line forms the basis for parts of present-day Lines 1 and 2.

 

After witnessing disastrous subway accidents in the [[Republic of Korea]] (e.g. [[Daegu subway fire|Daegu]]), Beijing authorities took prompt action in late [[2003]] and early [[2004]] and banned shops inside subway stations. Also, reflective self-illuminating signs were installed in case of emergencies. Finally, the underground mall at the subway station at [[Xidan]] was closed in [[2003]]. Despite being very popular, authorities fear that evacuation may be hampered in the case of a subway accident.

 

On [[March 29]], [[2007]], a construction site at the Suzhoujie station on [[Line 10, Beijing Subway|Line 10]] collapsed, burying six workers. [http://english.people.com.cn/200703/29/eng20070329_362043.html]