Homonim: Perbezaan antara semakan

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'''Homonim''' dalam bidang [[linguistik]] ialah sekumpulan perkataan yang berkongsi ejaan serta [[sebutan]] yang sama tetapi mempunyai [[makna]] yang berbeza, biasanya kerana perkataan-perkataan itu tidak berasal daripada punca yang sama. Keadaan bersifat honomim digelar '''homonimi'''.
 
Perkataan "homonym" merupakan [[kata gabungan]] yang terdiri daripada [[awalan]] [[Bahasa Greek|Greek]], ''homo-'' (ὁμο-), yang bermakna "sama", dan [[akhiran]] ''-ṓnymos'' (-ώνυμος), yang membawa pengertian "nama". Justera, ia merujuk kepada dua or lebih konsep berasingan yang berkongsi "nama yang sama" ([[penanda]]). Istilah ini agak kabur kerana terdapat sebilangan cara yang dua makna boleh berkongsi "nama yang sama". Oleh itu, ia digunakan dengan cara yang berbeza oleh penutur yang berlainan. Khususnya, sesetengah sumber hanya memerlukan homonim berkongsi ejaan yang sama ''atau'' sebutan yang sama (selain daripada mempunyai makna yang berbeza), walaupun ini masing-masing merupakan takrif untuk [[homograf]] dan [[homofon]], menurut sesetengah sumber yang lain. Terdapat juga percanggahan tentang takrif sesetengah istilah yang berkait.
The word "homonym" comes from the conjunction of the [[Greek language|Greek]] prefix ''homo-'' (ὁμο-), meaning "same", and suffix ''-ṓnymos'' (-ώνυμος), meaning "name". Thus, it refers to two or more distinct concepts sharing the "same name" or signifier. The term is potentially ambiguous because there are a number of ways that two meanings can share the "same name"; thus it may be used in different ways by different speakers. In particular, some sources only require that homonyms share the same spelling ''or'' the same pronunciation (in addition to having different meanings), though these are the definitions that most other sources give for [[homograph]]s and [[homophone]]s respectively. There is similar disagreement about the definition of some of the related terms described below. This article explains what appear to be the "standard" meanings, and variant definitions are then summarized.
 
Examples of homonyms are ''stalk'' (which as a noun can mean part of a plant, and, as a verb, to follow/harass a person), ''bear'' (animal) and ''bear'' (carry), ''left'' (opposite of right) and ''left'' (past tense of leave). Some sources also consider the following trio of words to be homonyms, but others designate them as "only" homophones: ''to'', ''too'' and ''two'' (actually, ''to'', ''to'', ''too'', ''too'' and ''two'', being "for the purpose of" as in "to make it easier", the opposite of "from", ''also'', ''excessively'', and "2", respectively).
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Some sources state that homonym meanings must be unrelated in origin (rather than just different). Thus ''right'' (correct) and ''right'' (opposed to left) would be [[polysemous]] and not homonymous.{{Citation needed|they are homonym; the homographs can however be ploysemous, depending on the context in which they occur|date=September 2009}}
 
 
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