Infografik

Infografik (gabungan "informasi" (maklumat) dan "grafik") ialah gambaran visual grafik maklumat, data, atau pengetahuan bertujuan untuk menyampaikan maklumat dengan cepat dan jelas.^[1]^[2] Mereka dapat meningkatkan kognisi dengan menggunakan grafik untuk meningkatkan kemampuan sistem visual manusia untuk melihat corak dan tren.^[3]^[4] Usaha serupa ialah pemvisualan maklumat, pemvisualan data, grafik statistik, reka bentuk maklumat, atau seni bina maklumat.^[2] Infografik telah berkembang dalam beberapa tahun kebelakangan untuk menjadi komunikasi massa, dan dengan demikian direka dengan lebih sedikit asumsi mengenai asas pengetahuan pembaca daripada jenis pemvisualan lain.^[5] Isotip ialah contoh awal infografik menyampaikan maklumat dengan cepat dan mudah kepada orang ramai.^[6]

Rujukan sunting

^ Doug Newsom and Jim Haynes (2004). Public Relations Writing: Form and Style. p.236.
^ ^a ^b Smiciklas, Mark (2012). The Power of Infographics: Using Pictures to Communicate and Connect with Your Audiences. ISBN 9780789749499.
^ Heer, Jeffrey; Bostock, Michael; Ogievetsky, Vadim (2010). "A tour through the visualization zoo". Communications of the ACM. 53 (6): 59–67. doi:10.1145/1743546.1743567.
^ Card, S. (2009). Information visualization. In A. Sears & J. A. Jacko (Eds.), Human-Computer Interaction: Design Issues, Solutions, and Applications (pp. 510-543). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
^ Zaman, Jazib (2019-05-31). "Infographics; a form of visual content". TechEngage (dalam bahasa Inggeris). TechEngage. Dicapai pada 2019-06-14.
^ "The Power of Infographics: Using Pictures to Communicate and Connect with your audience". Mark Smiciklas. Dicapai pada July 17, 2017.

Bacaan lanjut sunting

Heiner Benking (1981–1988) Requisite inquiry and time-line: computer graphics-infographics http://benking.de/infographics/ Diarkibkan 2012-11-28 di Wayback Machine see there: Computer Graphics in the Environmental Sector – Possibilities and Limitations of Data-visualisation this citation in chapter 3: technical possibilities and human potentials and capacities, "a picture is more than 10.000 words", and "10.000 miles equal 10.000 books".
Sullivan, Peter. (1987) Newspaper Graphics. IFRA, Darmstadt.
Jacques Bertin (1983). Semiology of Graphics. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press. Translation by William Berg of Semiologie Graphique. Paris: Mouton/Gauthier-Villars, 1967.
William S. Cleveland (1985). The Elements of Graphing Data. Summit, NJ: Hobart Press. ISBN 978-1-58465-512-1
Heiner Benking (1993), Visual Access Strategies for Multi-Dimensional Objects and Issues / "Our View of Life is too Flat", WFSF, Turku, FAW Report TR-93019
William S. Cleveland (1993). Visualizing Data. Summit, NJ: Hobart Press. ISBN 978-0-9634884-0-4
Sullivan, Peter. (1993) Information Graphics in Colour. IFRA, Darmstadt.
John Emerson (2008). Visualizing Information for Advocacy: An Introduction to Information Design. New York: OSI.
Paul Lewi (2006). "Speaking of Graphics".
Hankins, Thomas L. (1999). "Blood, Dirt, and Nomograms: A Particular History of Graphs". Isis. 90 (1): 50–80. doi:10.1086/384241. JSTOR 237474.
Robert L. Harris (1999). Information Graphics: A Comprehensive Illustrated Reference. Oxford University Press.
Eric K. Meyer (1997). Designing Infographics. Hayden Books.
Edward R. Tufte (1983). The Visual Display of Quantitative Information. Edition, Cheshire, CT: Graphics Press.
Edward R. Tufte (1990). Envisioning Information. Cheshire, CT: Graphics Press.
Edward R. Tufte (1997). Visual Explanations: Images and Quantities, Evidence and Narrative. Cheshire,
Edward R. Tufte (2006). Beautiful Evidence. Cheshire. CT: Graphics Press.
John Wilder Tukey (1977). Exploratory Data Analysis. Addison-Wesley.
Veszelszki, Ágnes (2014). Information visualization: Infographics from a linguistic point of view. In: Benedek, András − Nyíri, Kristóf (eds.): The Power of the Image Series Visual Learning, vol. 4. Frankfurt: Peter Lang, pp. 99−109.
Sandra Rendgen, Julius Wiedemann (2012). Information Graphics. Taschen Publishing. ISBN 978-3-8365-2879-5
Jason Lankow, Josh Ritchie, Ross Crooks (2012). Infographics: The Power of Visual Storytelling. Wiley. ISBN 978-1-118-31404-3

Pautan luar sunting

[DN04-1] Doug Newsom and Jim Haynes (2004). Public Relations Writing: Form and Style. p.236.

[Ref2-2] Smiciklas, Mark (2012). The Power of Infographics: Using Pictures to Communicate and Connect with Your Audiences. ISBN 9780789749499.

[visualizationzoo-3] Heer, Jeffrey; Bostock, Michael; Ogievetsky, Vadim (2010). "A tour through the visualization zoo". Communications of the ACM. 53 (6): 59–67. doi:10.1145/1743546.1743567.

[Ref4-4] Card, S. (2009). Information visualization. In A. Sears & J. A. Jacko (Eds.), Human-Computer Interaction: Design Issues, Solutions, and Applications (pp. 510-543). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.

[5] Zaman, Jazib (2019-05-31). "Infographics; a form of visual content". TechEngage (dalam bahasa Inggeris). TechEngage. Dicapai pada 2019-06-14.

[6] "The Power of Infographics: Using Pictures to Communicate and Connect with your audience". Mark Smiciklas. Dicapai pada July 17, 2017.

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