Wikipedia

Lynn Margulis

Ahli biologi evolusi Amerika

Lynn Margulis (lahir Lynn Petra Alexander;[2][3] 5 Mac 1938 – 22 November 2011)[4] merupakan pakar biologi dan teori, pengarang sains, pendidik, dan pelopor sains Amerika Syarikat, dan merupakan penyokong utama moden untuk kepentingan simbiosis dalam evolusi. Ahli sejarah Jan Sapp telah berkata bahawa "Nama Lynn Margulis adalah sama dengan simbiosis kerana nama Charles Darwin ialah dengan evolusi."[5] Khususnya, Margulis mengubah dan memahami dasar semasa mengenai evolusi sel dengan nukleus-peristiwa Ernst Mayr memanggil "mungkin peristiwa yang paling penting dan dramatik dalam sejarah kehidupan"[6] – dengan mencadangkan ia adalah hasil daripada penggabungan bakteria simbiotik. Margulis juga merupakan pengasas bersama hipotesis Gaia bersama ahli kimia British James Lovelock, mencadangkan bahawa Bumi berfungsi sebagai satu sistem pengawalan kendiri tunggal, dan merupakan pembela utama dari lima klasifikasi kerajaan Robert Whittaker.

Lynn Margulis
Margulis pada 2005
Kelahiran
Lynn Petra Alexander

(1938-03-05)5 Mac 1938
Chicago, Illinois, Amerika Syarikat
Meninggal dunia22 November 2011(2011-11-22) (umur 73)
Amherst, Massachusetts, A.S.
WarganegaraAmerika
Pusat pendidikanUniversiti Chicago
Universiti Wisconsin-Madison
UC Berkeley
Terkenal keranaSimbiogenesis
Hipotesis Gaia
PasanganCarl Sagan
(1957–65, bercerai)
Thomas Margulis
(1967–80, bercerai)
Anak-anakDorion Sagan (1959)
Jeremy Ethan Sagan (1960)
Zachary Margulis-Ohnuma
Jennifer Margulis di Properzio
AnugerahPingat Sains Kebangsaa (1999)
Hadiah William Procter untuk Pencapaian Saintifik (1999)
Pingat Darwin-Wallace (2008)
Kerjaya saintifik
BidangBiologi
InstitusiUniversiti Brandeis
Universiti Boston
Universiti Massachusetts Amherst
TesisAn Unusual Pattern of Thymidine Incorporation in Euglena' (1965)
Penasihat kedoktoranMax Alfert
PengaruhIvan Wallin, Konstantin Mereschkowski[1]

Anugerah dan penghargaan sunting

Karya sunting

Buku sunting

  • Margulis, Lynn (1970). Origin of Eukaryotic Cells, Yale University Press, ISBN 0-300-01353-1
  • Margulis, Lynn (1982). Early Life, Science Books International, ISBN 0-86720-005-7
  • Margulis, Lynn, and Dorion Sagan (1986). Origins of Sex : Three Billion Years of Genetic Recombination, Yale University Press, ISBN 0-300-03340-0
  • Margulis, Lynn, and Dorion Sagan (1987). Microcosmos: Four Billion Years of Evolution from Our Microbial Ancestors, HarperCollins, ISBN 0-04-570015-X
  • Margulis, Lynn, and Dorion Sagan (1991). Mystery Dance: On the Evolution of Human Sexuality, Summit Books, ISBN 0-671-63341-4
  • Margulis, Lynn, ed. (1991). Symbiosis as a Source of Evolutionary Innovation: Speciation and Morphogenesis, The MIT Press, ISBN 0-262-13269-9
  • Margulis, Lynn (1991). "Symbiosis in Evolution: Origins of Cell Motility". Dalam Osawa, Syozo; Honzo, Tasuku (penyunting). Evolution of Life: Fossils, Molecules and Culture. Japan: Springer. m/s. 305–324. doi:10.1007/978-4-431-68302-5_19. ISBN 978-4-431-68304-9.
  • Margulis, Lynn (1992). Symbiosis in Cell Evolution: Microbial Communities in the Archean and Proterozoic Eons, W.H. Freeman, ISBN 0-7167-7028-8
  • Sagan, Dorion, and Margulis, Lynn (1993). The Garden of Microbial Delights: A Practical Guide to the Subvisible World, Kendall/Hunt, ISBN 0-8403-8529-3
  • Margulis, Lynn, Dorion Sagan and Niles Eldredge (1995) What Is Life?, Simon and Schuster, ISBN 978-0684810874
  • Margulis, Lynn, and Dorion Sagan (1997). Slanted Truths: Essays on Gaia, Symbiosis, and Evolution, Copernicus Books, ISBN 0-387-94927-5
  • Margulis, Lynn, and Dorion Sagan (1997). What Is Sex?, Simon and Schuster, ISBN 0-684-82691-7
  • Margulis, Lynn, and Karlene V. Schwartz (1997). Five Kingdoms: An Illustrated Guide to the Phyla of Life on Earth, W.H. Freeman & Company, ISBN 0-613-92338-3
  • Margulis, Lynn (1998). Symbiotic Planet : A New Look at Evolution, Basic Books, ISBN 0-465-07271-2
  • Margulis, Lynn, et al. (2002). The Ice Chronicles: The Quest to Understand Global Climate Change, University of New Hampshire, ISBN 1-58465-062-1
  • Margulis, Lynn, and Dorion Sagan (2002). Acquiring Genomes: A Theory of the Origins of Species, Perseus Books Group, ISBN 0-465-04391-7
  • Margulis, Lynn (2007). Luminous Fish: Tales of Science and Love, Sciencewriters Books, ISBN 978-1-933392-33-2
  • Margulis, Lynn, and Eduardo Punset, eds. (2007). Mind, Life and Universe: Conversations with Great Scientists of Our Time, Sciencewriters Books, ISBN 978-1-933392-61-5
  • Margulis, Lynn, and Dorion Sagan (2007). Dazzle Gradually: Reflections on the Nature of Nature, Sciencewriters Books, ISBN 978-1-933392-31-8
  • Margulis, Lynn (2009). "Genome acquisition in horizontal gene transfer: symbiogenesis and macromolecular sequence analysis". Horizontal Gene Transfer:Genomes in Flux. 532. Humana Press. m/s. 181–191. doi:10.1007/978-1-60327-853-9_10. ISBN 978-1-60327-852-2. PMID 19271185. Unknown parameter |editors= ignored (bantuan)

Jurnal sunting

Rujukan sunting

  1. ^ Dillon Riebel, Austin Fogle, Filiberto Morales, and Kevin Huang (Fall 2012). "History: The Endosymbiotic Hypothesis". The Endosymbiotic Hypothesis: A Biological Experience. Charles A. Ferguson, University of Colorado - Denver. Dicapai pada September 16, 2017.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. ^ Weber, Bruce (24 November 2011). "Lynn Margulis, Evolution Theorist, Dies at 73". The New York Times. Dicapai pada 25 July 2014.
  3. ^ Lake, James A. (2011). "Lynn Margulis (1938–2011)". Nature. 480 (7378): 458–458. doi:10.1038/480458a. PMID 22193092. Dicapai pada 29 January 2016.
  4. ^ Schaechter, M (2012). "Lynn Margulis (1938–2011)". Science. 335 (6066): 302–302. doi:10.1126/science.1218027. PMID 22267805.
  5. ^ Sagan, Dorion, penyunting (2012). Lynn Margulis: The Life and Legacy of a Scientific Rebel. White River Junction: Chelsea Green. ISBN 978-1603584470.
  6. ^ Mayr, Ernst (2001). What Evolution Is. New York, New York: Basic Books. m/s. 48. ISBN 0-465-04426-3.
  7. ^ "Guest Lecturers". Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2011-10-07. Dicapai pada 2017-12-01.
  8. ^ Margulis, Lynn. "Curriculum Vitae" (PDF). Dicapai pada 19 December 2014.
  9. ^ "Lynn Margulis | World Academy of Art & Science". Worldacademy.org. 2011-11-18. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2012-03-30. Dicapai pada 2011-11-23.
  10. ^ "Biologist Lynn Margulis of UMass Amherst Elected Fellow of American Academy of Arts & Sciences" (Siaran akhbar). Amherst, Massachusetts: University of Massachusetts Amherst. 1998-05-05. Dicapai pada 2016-01-29.
  11. ^ "Launches Sciencewriters Imprint". Chelsea Green. 2006-07-22. Dicapai pada 2011-11-23.
  12. ^ "Lynn Margulis". University of Advancing Technology. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2014-07-28. Dicapai pada 25 July 2014.

Pautan luar sunting

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