Midtown Manhattan ialah bahagian tengah kota Manhattan di Bandar Raya New York. Midtown ialah rumah kepada beberapa bangunan yang paling ikonik di bandar itu, termasuk Bangunan Empire State, Bangunan Chrysler, Projek Pembangunan Hudson Yards, ibu pejabat Pertubuhan Bangsa-Bangsa Bersatu, Grand Central Terminal, dan Rockefeller Center, serta Broadway dan Times Square.

Midtown Manhattan
Kejiranan Manhattan
Daerah Perniagaan Tengah
East Side of Midtown Manhattan, menunjukkan mahkota bertingkat di Bangunan Chrysler yang dinyalakan pada waktu senja
Map
Lokasi di Bandar Raya New York
Koordinat: 40°44′49″N 73°59′10″W / 40.747°N 73.986°W / 40.747; -73.986Koordinat: 40°44′49″N 73°59′10″W / 40.747°N 73.986°W / 40.747; -73.986
Country Amerika Syarikat
State New York
City New York City
Borough Manhattan
Community DistrictManhattan 5[1]
Keluasan
 • Jumlah2.254 batu persegi (5.84 km2)
Penduduk
 • Jumlah104,753
 • Kepadatan46,000/batu persegi (18,000/km2)
Ethnicity
 • White64.1
 • Asian20.8
 • Hispanic8.1
 • Black4.6
 • Others2.4
Economics
 • Median income$120,854
Zon waktuUTC−5 (Eastern)
 • Musim panas (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
ZIP codes
10001, 10016–10019, 10022, 10036, several smaller zip codes
Area code212, 332, 646, and 917

Midtown Manhattan ialah daerah perniagaan pusat terbesar di dunia dan berada di kalangan potongan harta yang paling mahal; Fifth Avenue di Midtown Manhattan mengarahkan sewa runcit tertinggi di dunia, dengan sewa tahunan purata pada AS $3,000 per kaki persegi ($32,000/m2) pada tahun 2017.[3] Walau bagaimanapun, disebabkan harga runcit yang tinggi di Midtown, terdapat juga banyak kedai kosong di kawasan kejiranan.[4] Midtown ialah pusat komersial, hiburan, dan media terbesar di negara ini, dan juga pusat kewangan yang semakin berkembang.

Majoriti pencakar langit di Bandar Raya New York, termasuk menara hotel dan pangsapuri tertinggi di Midtown. Kawasan ini menjadi tuan rumah bagi penumpang dan penduduk yang bekerja di pejabat, hotel, dan pertubuhan runcit, pelancong dan pelajar. Times Square, hab yang terang bercahaya di Daerah Teater Broadway,[5][6][7][8][9] merupakan pusat utama industri hiburan dunia. [10] Sixth Avenue juga mempunyai ibu pejabat tiga daripada empat rangkaian televisyen AS utama.

Midtown adalah sebahagian daripada Daerah Komuniti Manhattan 5. Ia dipatuhi oleh Presint 14 dan 18 Jabatan Polis Bandar New York.

Lokasi sunting

Secara geografi, bahagian utara Midtown Manhattan biasanya ditakrifkan sebagai 59th Street; sempadan selatannya kurang jelas, dan pelbagai diambil untuk menjadi 34th Street, 23rd Street, atau bahkan 14th Street. Midtown menjangkau seluruh pulau Manhattan sepanjang paksi timur-barat, dibatasi oleh Sungai Timur di timurnya dan Sungai Hudson di baratnya. The Encyclopedia of New York City mendefinisikan Midtown sebagai melanjutkan dari 34th Street ke 59th Street dan dari 3rd Avenue hingga 8th Avenue.[11]

Ekonomi sunting

Midtown Manhattan, bersama dengan Lower Manhattan, merupakan salah satu pusat kewangan terkemuka di dunia.

Ibu Pejabat korporat sunting

Midtown Manhattan ialah daerah perniagaan pusat terbesar di dunia, dengan 400 juta kaki persegi (37.2 juta m 2) ruang pejabat pada 2018.[12] Midtown mengandungi ibu pejabat syarikat-syarikat besar, termasuk 4Kids Entertainment,[13] Barnes & Noble,[14] Bloomberg LP,[15] Ernst & Young,[16] Calvin Klein,[17] Cantor Fitzgerald,[18] CBS Corporation,[19] Citigroup,[20] Colgate-Palmolive, [21] Cushman & Wakefield, [22] DC Comics,[23] Deloitte,[24] Duane Reade,[25] Estée Lauder Companies,[26] Foot Locker,[27] Frederator Studios,[28] JPMorgan Chase, [29] Hess Corporation, [30] Kroll Inc., [31] L-3 Communications,[32] Marsh & McLennan Companies, [33] Marvel Entertainment, [34] MetLife,[35] MidOcean Partners, [36] Morgan Stanley, [37] NBC Universal, [38] The New York Times Company,[39] NexCen Brands, [40] Pfizer, [41] Polo Ralph Lauren,[42] Saks Incorporated (Saks Fifth Avenue),[43] The Sharper Image,[44] Simon & Schuster,[19] Six Flags,[45] TBWA Worldwide,[46] Thomson Reuters,[47] Time Warner,[48] Time Warner Cable,[49] The Travelers Companies, Univision Communications,[50] dan Viacom.[51] Institut Kewangan New York terletak di Midtown Manhattan.[52]

Misi diplomatik sunting

Beberapa negara termasuk Argentina, Bahamas,[53] Republik Rakyat China, [54] Costa Rica,[55] Jerman,[56] Ireland,[57] Israel,[58] Jamaica,[59] Jepun,[60] Luxembourg,[61] Mexico,[62] Maghribi,[63] Arab Saudi,[64] Singapura,[65] Afrika Selatan,[66] Korea Selatan,[67] United Kingdom,[68] dan Ukraine,[69] mempunyai konsulat-umum di Midtown Manhattan yang diakreditasi ke Amerika Syarikat. Di samping itu, Pejabat Ekonomi dan Kebudayaan Taipei Republik Taiwan berada di Midtown Manhattan.[70]

Rujukan sunting

  1. ^ "NYC Planning | Community Profiles". communityprofiles.planning.nyc.gov. New York City Department of City Planning. Dicapai pada March 18, 2019.
  2. ^ a b c "Midtown neighborhood in New York". Dicapai pada March 18, 2019.
  3. ^ Janette Sadik-Khan (January 9, 2017). "A plea for Fifth Avenue". The New York Times. Dicapai pada January 9, 2017.
  4. ^ Kilgannon, Corey; Heisler, Todd (September 6, 2018). "The Empty Storefronts of New York: A Panoramic View". The New York Times. Dicapai pada February 11, 2019.
  5. ^ Remnick, Noah; Schlossberg, Tatiana (August 24, 2015). "New York Today: Transforming Times Square". The New York Times. Dicapai pada January 10, 2017.
  6. ^ "Times Square – The Official Site of Times Square". Times Square District Management Association, Inc. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada January 18, 2017. Dicapai pada January 10, 2017. Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (bantuan)
  7. ^ "Times Square". Encyclopædia Britannica. Dicapai pada January 10, 2017.
  8. ^ Pramis, Joshua (October 2011). "World's Most-Visited Tourist Attractions No. 1: Times Square, New York City". American Express Publishing Corporation. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada February 1, 2015. Dicapai pada January 10, 2017. Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (bantuan)
  9. ^ "The Most Jivin' Streetscapes in the World". Luigi Di Serio. 2010. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada September 21, 2014. Dicapai pada January 10, 2017. Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (bantuan)
  10. ^ "New York Architecture Images- Midtown Times Square". 2011 nyc-architecture. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada January 25, 2017. Dicapai pada January 10, 2017. Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (bantuan)
  11. ^ Sclar, Elliot. "midtown", p. 839
  12. ^ "Q3 2018 U.S. Office Market Outlook - Download research report". Colliers International. December 6, 2018. Dicapai pada April 13, 2019.
  13. ^ "Contact." 4Kids Entertainment. Retrieved on October 13, 2009.
  14. ^ "National Sponsorships and Donations." Barnes & Noble. Retrieved on January 29, 2010.
  15. ^ "Dreier’s Luxe Life Revealed in $10 Million Auction." Retrieved on May 22, 2011
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  17. ^ "Corporate." Calvin Klein. Retrieved on January 26, 2010.
  18. ^ "Locations." Cantor Fitzgerald. Retrieved on October 4, 2009.
  19. ^ a b "Contact Info." CBS Corporation. Retrieved on November 3, 2009.
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  22. ^ "Global locations." Cushman & Wakefield. Retrieved on November 12, 2009.
  23. ^ "More Privacy Information Diarkibkan 2010-08-20 di Wayback Machine." DC Comics. Retrieved on August 28, 2009.
  24. ^ "Contact Us." Deloitte. Retrieved on December 7, 2009.
  25. ^ "address.gif." Duane Reade. Retrieved on December 22, 2010. "Duane Reade Inc. 440 Ninth Ave New York, NY 10001."
  26. ^ "Corporate Information Diarkibkan 2010-02-23 di Wayback Machine." Estée Lauder Companies. Retrieved on February 29, 2010.
  27. ^ "Foot Locker, Inc." Foot Locker. Retrieved on January 22, 2010.
  28. ^ "About Diarkibkan 2009-02-07 di Wayback Machine." Frederator Studios. Retrieved on April 9, 2010.
  29. ^ "Contact Us." Retrieved on May 22, 2011
  30. ^ "Contact Hess Diarkibkan 2009-02-27 di Wayback Machine." Hess Corporation. Retrieved on February 9, 2009.
  31. ^ "Office Locations Diarkibkan 2011-08-10 di Wayback Machine." Kroll Inc. Retrieved on August 14, 2011. "Kroll Corporate Headquarters 600 Third Avenue New York, New York 10016 United States"
  32. ^ "Company Profile Diarkibkan 2011-06-24 di Wayback Machine." L-3 Communications. Retrieved on March 10, 2010.
  33. ^ "Contact Us." Marsh & McLennan Companies. Retrieved on October 4, 2009.
  34. ^ "Company and Contact Info." Marvel Entertainment. Retrieved on August 28, 2009.
  35. ^ Ramirez, Anthony. "MetLife Sells 2nd Building, A Landmark On Park Ave." The New York Times. April 2, 2005. Retrieved on August 25, 2009.
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  37. ^ "Contact Us." Morgan Stanley. Retrieved on August 28, 2009.
  38. ^ "NBC Universal to sell Burbank, Calif, studio." MarketWatch. Retrieved on August 28, 2009.
  39. ^ "Contact Us Diarkibkan 2009-05-06 di Wayback Machine." The New York Times Company. Retrieved on August 28, 2009.
  40. ^ "NexCen Homepage." NexCen Brands. Retrieved on February 26, 2010.
  41. ^ "Contact Us." Pfizer. Retrieved on April 3, 2010.
  42. ^ "Contact Us." Ralph Lauren Investor Relations. Retrieved on January 27, 2010.
  43. ^ "Corporate Addresses." Saks Incorporated. Retrieved on March 1, 2010.
  44. ^ "About Us." The Sharper Image. Retrieved on February 18, 2010.
  45. ^ "Contact Us Diarkibkan 2010-09-20 di Wayback Machine ." Six Flags. Retrieved on May 6, 2009.
  46. ^ "Contact Us Diarkibkan 2010-07-22 di Wayback Machine." TBWA Worldwide. Retrieved on July 8, 2010. "488 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10022 United States"
  47. ^ "About Us." Thomson Reuters. Retrieved on August 28, 2009.
  48. ^ "AOL Time Warner's Future Home Is Damaged by Fire; The morning blaze at the building under construction in New York spread to parts of four floors. The cause is under investigation." Los Angeles Times. April 9, 2003. Business C3. Retrieved on August 28, 2009.
  49. ^ "Investor Relations Contact Us Diarkibkan 2010-04-01 di Wayback Machine." Time Warner Cable. Retrieved on March 6, 2010.
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  56. ^ Address, Contact, Hours. Diarkibkan 2008-11-17 di Wayback Machine Retrieved on January 26, 2009.
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