Wikipedia

Pauli Murray

Anna Pauline "Pauli" Murray (20 November 1910 - 1 Julai 1985) ialah seorang aktivis hak sivil Amerika Syarikat yang menjadi peguam, aktivis hak wanita, pendeta Episkopal dan penulis. Pada tahun 1977, Murray menjadi wanita Afrika Amerika pertama yang ditahbiskan menjadi pendeta Episkopal.[3][4][5]

The Reverend

Pauli Murray
Kelahiran
Anna Pauline Murray

(1910-11-20)20 November 1910
Baltimore, Maryland, A.S.
Meninggal dunia1 Julai 1985(1985-07-01) (umur 74)
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, A.S.
Kampung asalDurham, Carolina Utara, A.S.
PasanganBilly Wynn (k. 1930; ann. 1949)
GerejaGereja Episkopal (Amerika Syarikat)
Ditetapkan
  • 1976 (dekan)
  • 1977 (imam)
Pauli Murray
Latar belakang akademik
Pusat pendidikan
Pengaruh
Karya akademik
DisiplinKajian Amerika
Institusi
Dipengaruhi

Rujukan sunting

Nota kaki sunting

  1. ^ a b c d Pinn 1999, m/s. 29.
  2. ^ a b c d Mack, Kenneth W. (February 29, 2016). "Pauli Murray, Eleanor Roosevelt's Beloved Radical". Boston Review. Dicapai pada February 9, 2019.
  3. ^ "Dr. Pauli Murray, Episcopalian Priest". The New York Times. July 4, 1985. m/s. 12. Dicapai pada March 15, 2018.
  4. ^ Schulz, Kathryn (April 17, 2017). "The Many Lives of Pauli Murray". The New Yorker. Dicapai pada April 12, 2017.
  5. ^ Kerber, Linda K. (August 1, 1993). "Judge Ginsburg's Gift". The Washington Post. Dicapai pada April 16, 2017.

Bacaan lanjut sunting

Ahmed, Siraj (2006). "Murray, Pauli". Encyclopedia of African-American Culture and History. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada September 24, 2015. Dicapai pada January 14, 2013 – melalui HighBeam Research.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Anderson, Terry H. (2004). The Pursuit of Fairness: A History of Affirmative Action. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-518245-3.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Antler, Joyce (2002). "Pauli Murray: The Brandeis Years". Journal of Women's History. 14 (2): 78–82. doi:10.1353/jowh.2002.0034. ISSN 1527-2036.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Atwell, Mary Welek (2002). "Murray, Pauli (1910–1985)". Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia. Gale Research. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada September 24, 2015. Dicapai pada January 14, 2013 – melalui HighBeam Research.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Azaransky, Sarah (2011). The Dream Is Freedom: Pauli Murray and American Democratic Faith. New York: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199744817.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-974481-7.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Bell-Scott, Patricia (2016). The Firebrand and the First Lady: Portrait of a Friendship: Pauli Murray, Eleanor Roosevelt, and the Struggle for Social Justice. New York: Alfred A. Knoff. ISBN 978-0-679-44652-1.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Bucher, Christina G. (2007). "Pauli Murray (1910–1985)". Dalam Williams Page, Yolanda (penyunting). Encyclopedia of African American Women Writers. 2. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. m/s. 441–443. ISBN 978-0-313-34124-3.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Cole, Johnnetta Betsch; Guy-Sheftall, Beverly (2009). Gender Talk: The Struggle For Women's Equality in African American Communities. New York: Ballantine Books. ISBN 978-0-307-52768-4.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Collier-Thomas, Bettye (2010). Jesus, Jobs, and Justice: African American Women and Religion. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 978-1-4000-4420-7.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Fisher, Simon D. Elin (2016). "Pauli Murray's Peter Panic: Perspectives from the Margins of Gender and Race in Jim Crow America". Transgender Studies Quarterly. 3 (1–2): 95–103. doi:10.1215/23289252-3334259. ISSN 2328-9260. Dicapai pada 26 December 2019.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Goodwin, Doris Kearns (1994). No Ordinary Time: Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt: The Home Front in World War II. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-684-80448-4.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Guy-Sheftall, Beverly (1995). Words of Fire: An Anthology of African-American Feminist Thought. New York: The New Press. ISBN 978-1-56584-256-4.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Hartmann, Susan (2002). "Pauli Murray and the Juncture of Women's Liberation and Black Liberation". Journal of Women's History. 14 (2): 74–77. doi:10.1353/jowh.2002.0044. ISSN 1527-2036.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Hightower-Langston, Donna (2002). A to Z of American Women Leaders and Activists. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-1-4381-0792-9.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Keller, Morton; Keller, Phyllis (2001). Making Harvard Modern: The Rise of America's University. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-514457-4.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Lerner, Gerda (1973). Black Women in White America (ed. 2nd). New York: Random House.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Mack, Kenneth W. (2012). Representing the Race: The Creation of the Civil Rights Lawyer. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-04687-0.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Murray, Pauli (1999) [1956]. Proud Shoes: The Story of an American Family. Boston, Massachusetts: Beacon Press. ISBN 978-0-8070-7209-7.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Pinn, Anthony B. (1999). "Religion and 'America's Problem Child': Notes on Pauli Murray's Theological Development". Journal of Feminist Studies in Religion. 15 (1): 21–39. ISSN 1553-3913. JSTOR 25002350.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Rosenberg, Rosalind (2017). Jane Crow: The Life of Pauli Murray. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-065645-4.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Sanchez, Brenna (2003). "Murray, Pauli 1910–1985". Dalam Henderson, Ashyia N. (penyunting). Contemporary Black Biography. 38. Detroit, Michigan: Gale (diterbitkan 2007). m/s. 134–137. ISBN 978-1-4144-3566-4. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada January 12, 2013. Dicapai pada January 12, 2013 – melalui Encyclopedia.com.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
Sherman, Richard B. (1992). The Case of Odell Waller and Virginia Justice, 1940–1942. Knoxville, Tennessee: University of Tennessee Press. ISBN 978-0-87049-733-9.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)

Bibliografi sunting

Cooper, Brittney C. (2017). Beyond Respectability: The Intellectual Thought of Race Women. Urbana, Illinois: University of Illinois Press. ISBN 978-0-252-09954-0.
Drury, Maureen M. (2012). "Love, Ambition, and 'Invisible Footnotes' in the Life and Writings of Pauli Murray". Dalam McGlotten, Shaka; Davis, Dána-Ain (penyunting). Black Genders and Sexualities. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. m/s. 69–84. doi:10.1057/9781137077950_5. ISBN 978-1-137-07795-0.
Hardison, Ayesha K. (2014). Writing Through Jane Crow: Race and Gender Politics in African American Literature. Charlottesville, Virginia: University of Virginia Press. m/s. i–vi. ISBN 978-0-8139-3592-8. JSTOR j.ctt6wrn9t.1.
Kujawa-Holbrook, Sheryl A., penyunting (2002). "Anna Pauline 'Pauli' Murray (1911–1985)". Freedom Is a Dream: A Documentary History of Women in The Episcopal Church. New York: Church Publishing. m/s. 272–279.
Pinn, Anthony B., penyunting (2006). Pauli Murray: Selected Sermons and Writings. Maryknoll, New York: Orbis Books. ISBN 978-0-87049-596-0.
Scott, Anne Firor, penyunting (2006). Pauli Murray and Caroline Ware: Forty Years of Letters in Black and White. University of North Carolina Press. doi:10.5149/9780807876732_scott. ISBN 978-0-8078-3055-0. JSTOR 10.5149/9780807876732_scott.

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