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Pilihan raya separuh penggal Amerika Syarikat 2018

Sebuah pilihan raya separuh penggal telah diadakan di Amerika Syarikat pada hari Selasa tanggal 6 November 2018,[a] di tengah-tengah penggal Presiden Donald Trump dari Parti Republikan. Sebanyak 35 daripada 100 kerusi dalam Senat dan semua 435 kerusi dalam Dewan Perwakilan negara ini telah dipertandingkan, termasuk 39 pilihan raya gabenor negeri dan wilayah. Parti Demokrat berjaya merampas kuasa dalam Dewan Perwakilan serta meraih pertambahan kerusi secara peringkat negeri sementara Parti Republikan diluaskan majoriti dalam  Senat.

Jadual keputusan peringkat negeri, wilayah dan persekutuan sunting

Subdivision and PVI Sebelum pilihan raya 2018[1] After 2018 elections[2][3]
Subdivision PVI[4] Governor State leg. Senat Dewan Perwakilan Governor State leg. U.S. Senate U.S. House
Alabama R+14 Rep Rep Split Rep 6–1 Rep Rep Split Rep 6–1
Alaska R+9 Templat:Party shading/Independent (United States) |Ind Split Rep Rep 1–0 Rep Rep Rep Rep 1–0
Arizona R+5 Rep Rep Rep Rep 5–4 Rep Rep Split Dem 5–4
Arkansas R+15 Rep Rep Rep Rep 4–0 Rep Rep Rep Rep 4–0
California D+12 Dem Dem Dem Dem 39–14 Dem Dem Dem Dem 46–7
Colorado D+1 Dem Split Split Rep 4–3 Dem Dem Split Dem 4–3
Connecticut D+6 Dem Split Dem Dem 5–0 Dem Dem Dem Dem 5–0
Delaware D+6 Dem Dem Dem Dem 1–0 Dem Dem Dem Dem 1–0
Florida R+2 Rep Rep Split Rep 15–11 Rep Rep Rep Rep 14–13
Georgia R+5 Rep Rep Rep Rep 10–4 Rep Rep Rep Rep 9–5
Hawaii D+18 Dem Dem Dem Dem 2–0 Dem Dem Dem Dem 2–0
Idaho R+19 Rep Rep Rep Rep 2–0 Rep Rep Rep Rep 2–0
Illinois D+7 Rep Dem Dem Dem 11–7 Dem Dem Dem Dem 13–5
Indiana R+9 Rep Rep Split Rep 7–2 Rep Rep Rep Rep 7–2
Iowa R+3 Rep Rep Rep Rep 3–1 Rep Rep Rep Dem 3–1
Kansas R+13 Rep Rep Rep Rep 4–0 Dem Rep Rep Rep 3–1
Kentucky R+15 Rep Rep Rep Rep 5–1 Rep Rep Rep Rep 5–1
Louisiana R+11 Dem Rep Rep Rep 5–1 Dem Rep Rep Rep 5–1
Maine D+3 Rep Split Split R/I[b] Split 1–1 Dem Dem Split R/I[b] Dem 2–0
Maryland D+12 Rep Dem Dem Dem 7–1 Rep Dem Dem Dem 7–1
Massachusetts D+12 Rep Dem Dem Dem 9–0 Rep Dem Dem Dem 9–0
Michigan D+1 Rep Rep Dem Rep 9–4 Dem Rep Dem Split 7–7
Minnesota D+1 Dem Rep Dem Dem 5–3 Dem Split Dem Dem 5–3
Mississippi R+9 Rep Rep Rep Rep 3–1 Rep Rep Rep Rep 3–1
Missouri R+9 Rep Rep Split Rep 6–2 Rep Rep Rep Rep 6–2
Montana R+11 Dem Rep Split Rep 1–0 Dem Rep Split Rep 1–0
Nebraska R+14 Rep NP Rep Rep 3–0 Rep NP Rep Rep 3–0
Nevada D+1 Rep Dem Split Dem 3–1 Dem Dem Dem Dem 3–1
New Hampshire Even Rep Rep Dem Dem 2–0 Rep Dem Dem Dem 2–0
New Jersey D+7 Dem Dem Dem Dem 7–5 Dem Dem Dem Dem 11–1
New Mexico D+3 Rep Dem Dem Dem 2–1 Dem Dem Dem Dem 3–0
New York D+11 Dem Split Dem Dem 17–9 Dem Dem Dem Dem 21–6
North Carolina R+3 Dem Rep Rep Rep 10–3 Dem Rep Rep Rep 9–3[c]
North Dakota R+17 Rep Rep Split Rep 1–0 Rep Rep Rep Rep 1–0
Ohio R+3 Rep Rep Split Rep 12–4 Rep Rep Split Rep 12–4
Oklahoma R+20 Rep Rep Rep Rep 4–0 Rep Rep Rep Rep 4–1
Oregon D+5 Dem Dem Dem Dem 4–1 Dem Dem Dem Dem 4–1
Pennsylvania Even Dem Rep Split Rep 10–6 Dem Rep Split Split 9–9
Rhode Island D+10 Dem Dem Dem Dem 2–0 Dem Dem Dem Dem 2–0
South Carolina R+8 Rep Rep Rep Rep 6–1 Rep Rep Rep Rep 5–2
South Dakota R+14 Rep Rep Rep Rep 1–0 Rep Rep Rep Rep 1–0
Tennessee R+14 Rep Rep Rep Rep 7–2 Rep Rep Rep Rep 7–2
Texas R+8 Rep Rep Rep Rep 25–11 Rep Rep Rep Rep 23–13
Utah R+20 Rep Rep Rep Rep 4–0 Rep Rep Rep Rep 3–1
Vermont D+15 Rep Dem Split D/I[d] Dem 1–0 Rep Dem Split D/I[d] Dem 1–0
Virginia D+1 Dem Rep Dem Rep 7–4 Dem Rep Dem Dem 7–4
Washington D+7 Dem Dem Dem Dem 6–4 Dem Dem Dem Dem 7–3
West Virginia R+20 Rep Rep Split Rep 2–0 Rep Rep Split Rep 3–0
Wisconsin Even Rep Rep Split Rep 5–3 Dem Rep Split Rep 5–3
Wyoming R+25 Rep Rep Rep Rep 1–0 Rep Rep Rep Rep 1–0
United States Even Rep 33–16–1 Rep 31–13 Rep 51–49[e] Rep 235–193 Rep 27–23 Rep 30–18 Rep 53–47[e] Dem 235–199[c]
Washington, D.C. D+43 Dem[f] Dem[f] — Dem Dem Dem — Dem
American Samoa — NP NP Rep NP NP Rep
Guam Rep Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem
N. Mariana Islands Rep Rep Templat:Party shading/Independent (United States) |Ind[g] Rep Rep Templat:Party shading/Independent (United States) |Ind[g]
Puerto Rico Templat:Party shading/New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico |PNP/D[h] Templat:Party shading/New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico |PNP Templat:Party shading/New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico |PNP/R[i] Templat:Party shading/New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico |PNP/D[h] Templat:Party shading/New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico |PNP Templat:Party shading/New Progressive Party of Puerto Rico |PNP/R[i]
U.S. Virgin Islands Templat:Party shading/Independent (United States) |Ind Dem Dem Dem Dem Dem
Subdivision PVI Governor State leg. U.S. Senate U.S. House Governor State leg. U.S. Senate U.S. House
Subdivision and PVI Before 2018 elections After 2018 elections

Kemenangan Parti Demokrat ke atas Dewan Perwakilan membolehkan mereka menghalang pelulusan undang-undang yang bersifat konservatif sewaktu bersidangnya Kongres Amerika Syarikat ke-116 dari Januari 2019 hingga Januari 2021. Parti tersebut juga akan mengawal jawatankuasa kongres Amerika Syarikat dengan kuasa mengeluarkan sepina serta menyiasat berbagai-bagai isu dalam jawatankuasa ini. Walau bagaimanapun, pengekalan pihak Republikan ke atas Senat membolehkan mereka mengesahkan pencalonan para pegawai pilihan Presiden Trump tanpa perlunya sokongan parti lawan itu.[5]

Nota sunting

  1. ^ Some special elections as well as the regularly-scheduled elections in the Northern Mariana Islands were held on other dates.
  2. ^ a b One of Maine's senators, Susan Collins, is a Republican. The other senator from Maine, Angus King, is an independent who has caucused with the Democrats since taking office in 2013.
  3. ^ a b The House of Representatives election for North Carolina's 9th congressional district has not yet been called
  4. ^ a b One of Vermont's senators, Patrick Leahy, is a Democrat. The other senator from Vermont, Bernie Sanders, was elected as an independent and has caucused with the Democrats since taking office in 2007.
  5. ^ a b The Democratic Senate caucus consisted of 47 Democrats and 2 independents prior to the 2018 elections and 45 Democrats and two independents after the elections.
  6. ^ a b Washington, D.C. does not elect a governor or state legislature, but it does elect a mayor and a city council.
  7. ^ a b Delegate Gregorio Sablan was elected as an independent, but he has caucused with the Democrats since taking office in 2009.
  8. ^ a b Puerto Rican Governor Ricardo Rosselló was elected as a member of the New Progressive Party and affiliates with the Democratic Party at the national level.
  9. ^ a b Puerto Rico's Resident Commissioner, Jenniffer González, was elected as a member of the New Progressive Party and has caucused with the Republicans since taking office in 2017.

Rujukan sunting

  1. ^ "2017 State & Legislative Partisan Composition" (PDF). National Conference of State Legislatures. Dicapai pada January 11, 2018.
  2. ^ "2018 State & Legislative Partisan Composition" (PDF). NCSL. Dicapai pada November 7, 2018.
  3. ^ "2018 Midterm Election Results: Live". New York Times. Dicapai pada November 7, 2018.
  4. ^ Coleman, Miles. "2016 State PVI Changes". Decision Desk HQ. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2017-10-14. Dicapai pada November 9, 2017.
  5. ^ Prokop, Andrew (November 5, 2018). "The midterm elections are about whether Republican power will be checked". Vox. Dicapai pada November 11, 2018.

Bacaan lanjut sunting

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