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Unlike the other groups around the world who protect political figures, the PSG is not required by command to protect presidential candidates. However, former president's and their immediate families received VIP Protection service from the PSG.
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==History==
{{Main|List of Presidents of the Philippines}}
see also: [[List of Unofficial Presidents of the Philippines]]
[[Image:Home provinces of Philippine Presidents.PNG|thumb|right|Home [[Provinces of the Philippines|provinces]] of the presidents.]]
Depending on the definition chosen for these terms, a number of persons could alternatively be considered the inaugural holder of the office.
[[Andrés Bonifacio]] is considered by some historians to be the [[de facto]] first President of the Philippines. He was the third Supreme President ([[Spanish language|Spanish]]: ''Presidente Supremo''; [[Tagalog language|Tagalog]]: ''Kataastaasang Pangulo'') of the ''[[Katipunan]]'' secret society. Its Supreme Council, led by the Supreme President, coordinated provincial and district councils. When the ''Katipunan'' went into open revolt in August 1896, Bonifacio had transformed it into a de facto revolutionary government with him as President. While the term ''Katipunan'' remained, Bonifacio's government was also known as the [[Tagalog Republic]] (Spanish: ''Republica Tagala''). Although the word ''[[Tagalog]]'' refers to a specific ethnicity, Bonifacio used it to denote all indigenous people in the Philippines in place of ''[[Filipino]]'' which had colonial origins. In place of the Spanish ''[[Filipinas]]'' he coined a Tagalog name, ''[[Haring Bayang Katagalugan]]'' (Sovereign Tagalog Nation).<ref>{{Harvnb|Borromeo|Borromeo-Buehler|1998|pp=[http://books.google.com/books?id=RJnMSmXLvr4C&pg=PA25#PPA25,M1 25]}} (Item 3 in the list, referring to Note 41 at p.[http://books.google.com/books?id=RJnMSmXLvr4C&pg=PA61#PPA61,M1 61], citing {{Harvnb|Guerrero|Encarnacion|Villegas|<!--year not given-->}});<br />
^ {{Harvnb|Borromeo|Borromeo-Buehler|1998|pp=[http://books.google.com/books?id=RJnMSmXLvr4C&pg=PA26 26]}}, "Formation of a revolutionary government";<br />
^ {{Harvnb|Borromeo|Borromeo-Buehler|1998|pp=[http://books.google.com/books?id=RJnMSmXLvr4C&pg=PA135#PPA135,M1 135]}} (in "Document G", ''Account of Mr. Bricco Brigado Pantos'').</ref><ref>{{Harvnb|Halili|Halili|2004|pp=[http://books.google.com/books?id=gUt5v8ET4QYC&pg=PA138#PPA138 138-139]}}.</ref><ref>{{Citation
|last=Severino
|first=Howie
|title=Bonifacio for (first) president
|date=November 27, 2007
|publisher=GMA News
|url=http://blogs.gmanews.tv/sidetrip/blog/?/archives/301-Bonifacio-for-first-president.html
}}.</ref><ref name = "guerrero2001">*{{Citation
|last = Guerrero
|first = Milagros
|last2 = Schumacher, S.J.
|first2 = John
|title = Reform and Revolution
|publisher = Asia Publishing Company Limited
|volume = 5
|series = Kasaysayan: The History of the Filipino People
|year = 1998
|isbn = 962-2582-28-1
|url=http://books.google.com/books?as_isbn=9622582281
}}.</ref><ref name = "guerrero1996">*{{Citation
|last1 = Guerrero
| first1 = Milagros
| last2 = Encarnación
| first2 = Emmanuel
| last3 = Villegas
| first3 = Ramón
| title = Andrés Bonifacio and the 1896 Revolution
| journal = Sulyap Kultura
| volume = 1
| issue = 2
| pages = 3–12
| publisher = National Commission for Culture and the Arts
| location =
| date = 1996
| ref= guerrero1996a
| url = http://www.ncca.gov.ph/about-culture-and-arts/articles-on-c-n-a/article.php?i=5&subcat=1
}}.</ref> Some historians contend that including Bonifacio as a past president would imply that [[Macario Sacay]] and [[Miguel Malvar]] should also be included.<ref>{{Cite news
|title=Bonifacio, First President of the Philippines?
|author=Ambeth Ocampo
|authorlink=Ambeth Ocampo
|date=May 11, 2010
|publisher=Philippine Daily Inquirer
}}</ref>
{{Wikisource|Provisional Constitution of the Philippines (1897)}}
{{Wikisource|Constitution of the Philippines (1899)}}
In March 1897 [[Emilio Aguinaldo]] was elected President of a revolutionary government at the [[Tejeros Convention]].<ref>{{Citation
|url=http://opinion.inquirer.net/inquireropinion/columns/view/20070511-65258/Election_fraud_at_the_Tejeros_Convention
|author=Ambeth Ocampo
|date=May 11, 2007
|title=Looking Back : Election fraud at the Tejeros Convention
}}.</ref> The new government was meant to replace the ''Katipunan'' as a government, though the latter was not formally abolished until 1899. Aguinaldo was again elected President at Biak-na-Bato in November, leading the [[Republic of Biak-na-Bato|Biak-na-Bato Republic]]. Exiled in Hong Kong after the [[Pact of Biak-na-Bato]], with the advent of the [[Spanish-American War]] he returned to the Philippines to renew revolutionary activities and formed a dictatorial government on May 24, 1898. Revolutionary forces under his command [[Philippine Declaration of Independence|declared independence]] on June 12, 1898. On June 23, 1898, Aguinaldo transformed his dictatorial government into a revolutionary government. On January 23, 1899, he was then elected President of the [[First Philippine Republic|Philippine Republic]] (Spanish: ''República Filipina''), a government constituted by the [[Malolos Congress]]. Thus, this government is also called the [[Malolos Republic]]. Sovereignty over the Philippines passed from Spain to the United States with the [[Treaty of Paris (1898)|Treaty of Paris]], which ended the Spanish-American War. Aguinaldo's government effectively ceased to exist on April 1, 1901, when he pledged allegiance to the United States after being captured by U.S. forces in March. The current Philippine government, formally called the [[Republic of the Philippines]], considers Emilio Aguinaldo to be the first President of the Philippines and the Malolos Republic as the [[First Philippine Republic|"First" Philippine Republic]].<ref name=gov.ph-presidents />
[[Miguel Malvar]] continued Aguinaldo's leadership of the Philippine Republic after the latter's capture until his own capture in 1902, while [[Macario Sakay]] founded a Tagalog Republic in 1902 as a continuation of Bonifacio's Katipunan. They are both considered by some scholars as "unofficial presidents". Along with Bonifacio, Malvar and Sakay are not recognized as Presidents by the Philippine government.<ref>[http://www.manilatimes.net/national/2008/jan/02/yehey/top_stories/20080102top6.html manilatimes.net, Lawmaker: History wrong on Gen. Malvar]</ref><ref name=Sakay1>
{{Citation
| url = http://www.bibingka.com/phg/sakay/default.htm
| title = Macario Sakay: Tulisán or Patriot?
| first = Paul
| last = Flores
| accessdate = 2007-04-08
| date = August 12, 1995
| publisher = Philippine History Group of Los Ángeles
}}</ref>
{{Wikisource|Constitution of the Philippines (1935)}}
Between 1901 and 1935, executive power in the Philippines was exercised by a succession of 16 American [[Governor-General of the Philippines#The American Colonial Government (1901-1935)|Governors General]]. In October 1935, [[Manuel L. Quezón]] was elected the first President of the Commonwealth of the Philippines which had been established, still under U.S. sovereignty, under a constitution ratified on May 14 of that year. When President Manuel L. Quezon left for the United States via Australia, he appointed Chief Justice José Abad Santos Acting President. President Santos was subsequently executed by the Japanese occupation forces on May 2, 1942.
{{Wikisource|Constitution of the Philippines (1943)}}
[[José P. Laurel]] became president of the Philippines in 1942 under a constitution imposed under [[Japanese occupation of the Philippines|Japanese occupation]]. Laurel, an [[Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines|Associate Justice]] of the [[Supreme Court of the Philippines|Supreme Court]], had been instructed to remain in Manila by President [[Manuel L. Quezon]], who fled to Corregidor and then to the United States to establish a government-in-exile.
The 1935 constitution was reinstated after the Japanese surrender ended World War II, with [[Sergio Osmeña]] as President, Osmeña having succeeded to the Presidency after 1944 the death of President Quezon. That constitution remained in effect after the United States recognized the independence of the Republic of the Philippines as a separate self-governing nation on July 4, 1946.
{{Wikisource|Constitution of the Philippines (1973)}}
{{Wikisource|Provisional Constitution of the Philippines (1986)}}
{{Wikisource|Constitution of the Philippines (1987)}}
A new constitution ratified on January 17, 1973, during the presidency of [[Ferdinand Marcos]], introduced a parliamentary-style government. This constitution was in effect until the [[People Power Revolution]] of 1986 swept [[Corazón Aquino]] into power as President. On March 25, 1986, Presidential Proclamation No. 3 promulgated a provisional constitution, which was supplanted on February 2, 1987 when the now-current constitution was ratified.
Both Bonifacio and Aguinaldo might be considered to have been an inaugural president of an insurgent government. Quezón was the inaugural president of a predecessor-government to the current one, and Aquino was the inaugural president of the currently-constituted government.
The [[Government of the Philippines]] considers Emilio Aguinaldo to have been the inaugural President of the Philippines, followed by Manuel Quezón and by subsequent Presidents.<ref name=gov.ph-presidents>[http://www2.gov.ph/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=200029&Itemid=26 Philippine Presidents], [http://gov.ph The Official Government Portal of the Republic of the Philippines].</ref><ref>[http://www.gov.ph/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=200029&Itemid=26 The Philippine Presidents], [http://www.gov.ph/ The official website of the Government of the Philippines.]</ref> Despite the differences in [[Constitution of the Philippines|constitutions]] and government, the line of presidents is considered to be continuous. For instance, the current president, [[Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo]], is considered the 14th president.
While the Philippine government considers [[Emilio Aguinaldo]] to be the first president, the First Republic fell under the United States following the [[Philippine-American War]], and the United States does not consider his presidency to have been legitimate.<ref name=gov.ph-presidents /><ref>[http://www.loc.gov/rr/hispanic/1898/aguinaldo.html Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy], U.S. Library of Congress.</ref> [[Manuel L. Quezon]] is considered to be the first president by the United States and the first to win an election.
The Philippines had two presidents at one point during World War II heading two governments. One was Quezón heading the Commonwealth government-in-exile (considered [[de jure]]) and the other was J. P. Laurel heading the Japanese-sponsored republic (considered [[de facto]]). Laurel was instructed to remain in Manila by President Manuel Quezón. Laurel was not recognized as a Philippine president formally until the Macapagal administration. The recognition coincided with the movement of the Philippine Independence Day from July 4 to June 12. However, it must be borne in mind that in the roster of presidents, it is inaccurate to consider Laurel the successor of Osmeña or vice versa; Laurel's republic was formally rejected after World War II and none of its statutes or actions were considered legal or binding. The inclusion of Laurel causes some problems in determining the order of presidents. Quezón, Osmeña, and Roxas, for example, were three of a continuous constitutional line; Laurel was the only President of the Second Republic. Thus, Laurel has no predecessor and successor, while Osmeña was Quezón's successor and Roxas was Osmeña's successor.
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PlotArea = top:10 bottom:90 right:130 left:20
AlignBars = late
DateFormat = mm/dd/yyyy
Period = from:01/01/1896 till:06/30/2016
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Colors =
id:canvas value:gray(0.9)
id:Katipunan value:claret legend:Katipunan
id:NP value:yellowgreen legend:Nacionalista
id:Japan value:black legend:Kalibapi_(Japanese-sponsored)
id:LP value:dullyellow legend:Liberal
id:KBL value:red legend:KBL
id:PDP-Laban value:yelloworange legend:PDP-Laban
id:Lakas value:blue legend:Lakas-CMD/Lakas-Kampi-CMD
id:LAMP value:orange legend:PMP
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from:11/15/1935 till:08/01/1944 text:"Manuel L. Quezón" color:NP
from:10/14/1943 till:08/14/1945 text:"José P. Laurel" color:Japan
from:08/01/1944 till:05/28/1946 text:"Sergio Osmeña" color:NP
from:05/28/1946 till:04/15/1948 text:"Manuel Roxas" color:LP
from:04/17/1948 till:12/30/1953 text:"Elpidio Quirino" color:LP
from:12/30/1953 till:03/17/1957 text:"Ramón Magsaysay" color:NP
from:03/18/1957 till:12/30/1961 text:"Carlos P. Garcia" color:NP
from:12/30/1961 till:12/30/1965 text:"Diosdado Macapagal" color:LP
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from:12/30/1965 till:04/09/1978 color:NP
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from:04/09/1978 till:02/25/1986 text:"Ferdinand E. Marcos" color:KBL
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from:02/25/1986 till:06/30/1992 text:"Corazón C. Aquino" color:PDP-Laban
from:06/30/1992 till:06/30/1998 text:"Fidel V. Ramos" color:Lakas
from:06/30/1998 till:01/20/2001 text:"Joseph Ejército Estrada" color:LAMP
from:01/20/2001 till:06/30/2010 text:"Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo" color:Lakas
from:06/30/2010 till:06/30/2010 text:"Noynoy Aquino" color:LP
</timeline>
==After the presidency==
[[Image:Aguinaldo and Quezon in 1935.JPG|thumb|right|200px|Presidents [[Emilio Aguinaldo]] and [[Manuel L. Quezón]] during the 1935 campaign. ]]
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