Akuifer: Perbezaan antara semakan

'''Aquifer''' adalah lapisan batu telap mengandungi air bawah tanah atau bahan peroi ([[batu kelikir]], [[pasir]], atau selut) yang air boleh diambil darinya dengan menggali [[perigi]]. Kajian aliran air dalam akuifer dan ciri-ciri akuifer dikenali sebagai [[hidrogeologi]]. Istilah berkait termasuk '''akuitard''', yang merupakan lapisan kurang telap sepanjang akuifer, <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.answers.com/topic/aquitard |title=aquitard: Definition from |publisher=Answers.com |date= |accessdate=2010-09-06| archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20100929023340/http://www.answers.com/topic/aquitard| archivedate= 29 September 2010 <!--DASHBot-->| deadurl= no}}</ref> dan aquiclude (atau aquifuge), lapisan yang tidak telap di bawah atau di atas akuifer. Jika terletak di atas kawasan telap tekanan akuifer boleh menyebabkan ia membentuk akuifer tertutup.

 

== Depth ==

Aquifers may occur at various depths. Those closer to the surface are not only more likely to be used for water supply and irrigation, but are also more likely to be topped up by the local rainfall. Many desert areas have limestone hills or mountains within them or close to them that can be exploited as groundwater resources. Parts of the [[Atlas Mountains]] in [[North Africa]], the [[Mount Lebanon|Lebanon]] and [[Anti-Lebanon]] ranges of [[Syria]], [[Israel]] and Lebanon, the [[Jebel Akhdar (Oman)]] in [[Oman]], parts of the [[Sierra Nevada (U.S.)|Sierra Nevada]] and neighboring ranges in the [[Southwestern United States|United States' Southwest]], have shallow aquifers that are exploited for their water. [[Over-exploitation]] can lead to the exceeding of the practical sustained yield; i.e., more water is taken out than can be replenished. Along the coastlines of certain countries, such as [[Libya]] and Israel, population growth has led to [[overpopulation]], which has caused the lowering of water table and the [[Saltwater intrusion|subsequent contamination]] of the [[groundwater]] with saltwater from the [[sea]]. Many of these withdrawals are caused by farmers and industrial plants adding pollutants such as fertilizers and chemical waste to the aquifer's water supply, which quickly dry up the water and contaminate the soil.