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Joseph Pairin Kitingan: Perbezaan antara semakan

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==Kepimpinan==
InPada DecemberDisember [[1984]], hebeliau stoodmenjadi aloneseorang ascalon anbebas independentuntuk candidatemempertahankan againstkerusinya thedaripada rulingparti partypemerintah todalam defendpilihanraya his seat in thekecil Tambunan by-election. HeKepimpinannya haddi tosebuah contendnegeri withdalam unfairsebuah campaignpersekutuan tacticsyang likeagama “voterasminya buying” through on the spot approval of development projects and other private amenities.{{Fact|date=January 2008}} His leadership in a state within a federation which official religion isialah Islam wasdipersoalkan alsokerana questioned because of his religionagamanya. The ruling party, which was a component of the [[Barisan Nasional]], the Malaysia's ruling coalition, had no qualms in using the sensitive race card issues which is something that is generally shunned in a multi-racial country. Despite overwhelming odds and seemingly lost cause, Pairin won with significant majority. ▼
 
Pada Mac [[1985]], Pairin menubuhkan [[Parti Bersatu Sabah]] (PBS). Despite overwhelming adversities, parti ini berjaya didaftarkan dan diiktirafkan sebagai sebuah parti politik pada jam ke-11. Ini membolehkannya memimpin parti ini menentang parti pemerintah negeri ketika itu dalam [[Pilihan Raya negeri Sabah, 1985]] pada bulan April.
▲In December 1984, he stood alone as an independent candidate against the ruling party to defend his seat in the Tambunan by-election. He had to contend with unfair campaign tactics like “vote buying” through on the spot approval of development projects and other private amenities.{{Fact|date=January 2008}} His leadership in a state within a federation which official religion is Islam was also questioned because of his religion. The ruling party, which was a component of the [[Barisan Nasional]], the Malaysia's ruling coalition, had no qualms in using the sensitive race card issues which is something that is generally shunned in a multi-racial country. Despite overwhelming odds and seemingly lost cause, Pairin won with significant majority.
 
As punishment to the people of Tambunan for their defiance, the then state government deprived the people of badly needed funds for development and the people had to endure years of hardship because of their stand. However, these treatments only solidified the people's resolve and support for Pairin. The struggle of the people of Tambunan and that of Pairin inspired a new movement of Malaysians in Sabah to push for political change and challenge the abuse of political power, stifling of democratic rights and disrespect of human dignity committed by the BERJAYA government. Pairin and the Tambunan people became the poster boy of this new movement. Soon, other like minded and dissatisfied leaders from other parts of the state, rallied around Pairin. They would become the initial core leaders of a fledgling party with a new vision.
 
In March 1985, Pairin formed [[Parti Bersatu Sabah]] (PBS) or United Sabah Party. Despite overwhelming adversities, he managed to get the party registered and recognised officially as a political party in the eleventh hour. This enabled him to lead the party against the incumbent state government in the [[Sabah state election, 1985]] in April.
 
Despite being formed barely 47 days before the election, PBS won, ousting the BERJAYA government.<ref name=asiansurvey>{{cite web|url=http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0004-4687(198607)26%3A7%3C815%3ATSSEOA%3E2.0.CO%3B2-S|author=K. Ramanathan Kalimuthu|title=The Sabah State Elections of April 1985|publisher=Asian Survey, Vol. 26, No. 7|accessdate=2008-01-18}}</ref> Pairin was sworn in as the seventh Chief Minister of the state of Sabah. He held the post of Sabah Chief Minister from April 1985 to March 1994, during which he spearheaded his party's triumphant outings in four successive state elections (1985, 1986, 1990 and 1994).
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