Serangan Rojava 2019

Serangan Rojava 2019
	Sebahagian daripada Konflik Rojava, Penglibatan Turki di Perang Saudara Syria, dan Konflik Kurdi-Turki (2015–kini)
	; Pengeboman Ras al-Ayn pada 10 Oktober 2019
Tarikh	Serangan pertama; 9 Oktober - 17 Oktober 2019; (4 tahun, 6 bulan, 1 minggu dan 2 hari); Gencatan Senjata:; 18 Oktober – 29 Oktober 2019; ; (4 tahun dan 6 bulan); Serangan kedua; 30 Oktober 2019 - kini; (4 tahun, 5 bulan, 2 minggu dan 5 hari)
Lokasi	Wilayah utara Gabenor Aleppo, Hasakah, dan Raqqah, Suriah.
Status	Sedang berlangsung Angkatan Bersenjata Turki dan sekutunya menyerang 41 kota dan bandar, termasuk Tell Abyad, Suluk, dan pusat bamdar Ras al-Ayn, dan menyekat jalan raya M4; SDF merampas kembali sebahagian besar Ras al-Ayn, menurut SOHR; Angkatan Darat Syria menguasai Tabqa dan Pangkalan Udara Tabqa di Kerajaan Raqqa{;
Pihak yang terlibat
Templat:Country data Republik Turki; Syria Kerajaan Sementara Syria;	Kerajaan Autonomi Suriah Utara dan Timur ; Republik Arab Syria; (sejak 13 Oktober; kesepakatan);
Komandan dan pemimpin
Hulusi Akar; (Menteri Pertahanan); Jen. Yaşar Güler; (Kepala Staf Umum); Letjen. Sinan Yayla; (Komandan AD ke-2); Templat:Country data Oposisi Suriah Brigjen. Salim Idris; (Menteri Pertahanan); Templat:Country data Oposisi Suriah Sayf Abu Bakr; (Komandan Divisi Hamzah)	Mazlum Abdi; (Panglima); Riad Khamis al-Khalaf; (Komandan Dewan Militer Tal Abyad); Imad Meno; (Komandan Dewan Militer Serê Kanîyê); Ebu Azzam Ceyat †; (Komandan Dewan Ketenteraan Deir ez-Zor)
Kekuatan
80.000 14.000	40.000–60.000
Kerugian dan korban
Versi SOHR:; 86 terkorban; 8 terkorban Versi Turki:; 16 tewas; 2 tewas	Versi SOHR:; 121 tewas Versi SDF:; 45 tewas Versi Turki:; 550 terkorban, cedera, atau ditahan
	64 orang awam terkorban di Syria akibat serangan TAF dan SNA dan seorang awam maut akibat serangan SDF (versi SOHR); 18 orang awam terkorban di Turki akibat DF (versi Kemendagri Turki); 130.000+ orang awam
	a Dua tentera Turki tewas di daerah Operasi Pohon Zaitun di barat laut Syria. Keduanya juga dihitung oleh SOHR.

Serangan Rojava 2019, disebut Operasi Mata Air Damai (Turki: Barış Pınarı Harekâtıcode: tr is deprecated ) oleh kerajaan Turki, ialah operasi ketenteraan berlangsung yang dilancarkan oleh Angkatan Bersenjata Turki dan Tentera Nasional Syria (SNA) terhadap daerah-daerah yang dikawal oleh Kurdi di bawah Kerajaan Autonomi Syria Utara dan Timur (NES), biasanya disebut Rojava, dan gerakan bersenjatanya, Pasukan Demokratik Syria (SDF).

Pada 6 Oktober 2019, Kerajaan Amerika Syarikat mengarahkan pasukan Amerika untuk menarik diri dari timur laut Syria, tempat AS menyokong sekutu Kurdi mereka.^[29] Operasi ketenteraan bermula pada 9 Oktober 2019 ketika Angkatan Udara Turki melancarkan serangan udara di bandar sempadan, termasuk Ras al-Ayn.^[30]

Menurut Presiden Turki Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, operasi itu berniat untuk mengusir Pasukan Demokratik Syria (yang Turki anggap sebagai pertubuhan pengganas kerana hubungannya dengan Parti Pekerja Kurdistan, tetapi dianggap Amerika Syarikat dan negara-negara lain sebagai sekutu melawan ISIS), serta untuk mencipta "zon aman" sejauh 30 kilometer di Syria Utara sehingga memungkinkan kembalinya sebahagian dari 3,6 juta pengungsi Syria di Turki.^[31] Tindakan Turki mendapat kecaman dari bebagai negara.^[32]

Lihat juga sunting

Kurdistan

Rujukan sunting

^ "Turkish military, rebels to cross Syrian border 'shortly'". Al-Jazeera. 9 October 2019.
^ "Turkey Syria offensive: Dozens killed as assault continues". BBC News. 11 October 2019. Dicapai pada 13 October 2019.
^ "Syria's army to deploy along Turkey border as Kurds strike deal". Al-Jazeera. 14 October 2019.
^ "Syrian army to deploy along Turkish border in deal with Kurdish-led forces". Reuters. 13 October 2019.
^ "Son dakika! Fuat Oktay'dan Barış Pınarı Harekatı açıklaması". Mynet Haber.
^ [1]
^ ^a ^b القوات التركية والفصائل الموالية لها تسيطر على مساحة نحو 220 كلم مربع عند الشريط الحدودي منذ انطلاق العملية العسكرية شرق الفرات
^ "Turkish forces capture centre of key Syrian border town | CTV News". www.ctvnews.ca.
^ "Islamic State relatives flee en masse from Syrian camp - Kurdish-led authority". Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2019-10-13. Dicapai pada 2019-11-09.
^ "'Harekat ile ilgili çalışmalarımız devam ediyor'". www.aa.com.tr.
^ Şafak, Yeni. "Free Syrian Army ready for potential new operation". Yeni Şafak.
^ ÇAKSU, ERSİN (11 October 2019). "Not a single house captured by the enemy in Serekaniye". ANF News (dalam bahasa Inggeris). Dicapai pada 11 October 2019.
^ [2]
^ https://www.parlamentohaber.com/turk-ordusundan-80-bin-asker-ile-operasyon-hazirligi/
^ "Explained: Why Turkey wants a military assault on Syrian Kurds". DW. 11 October 2019. Dicapai pada 13 October 2019.
^ http://www.syriahr.com/?p=342115
^ Erdogan says Turkish-led offensive to extend further along Syrian border
^ http://www.syriahr.com/?p=342115
^ Monitor: 104 SDF fighters killed battling Turkish attack
^ https://www.aa.com.tr/en/operation-peace-spring/turkey-neutralizes-550-terrorists-in-syria-operation/1612811
^ Son dakika haberi: Erdoğan harekatın ne zaman biteceğini açıkladı
^ المزيد من الخسائر البشرية يرفع إلى نحو 15 تعداد الذين استشهدوا وقضوا جراء الغارات الجوية التركية التي استهدفت قافلة الدعم الإنساني في مدينة رأس العين
^ "About 10 citizens were killed or injured due to rocket shelling carried out by the forces of "Jarabulus Military Council" on the city of Jarabulus north-east of Aleppo". 10 October 2019.
^ "Turkey Says It Captured a Key Syrian Border Town". Time. 12 October 2019. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2019-10-13. Dicapai pada 2019-11-09.
^ "Suriye operasyonu – Harekatın başladığı günden bu yana en az 18 sivil ve dört asker hayatını kaybetti". Medyascope. 12 October 2019. Dicapai pada 13 October 2019.
^ http://www.syriahr.com/?p=341868
^ "100,000 flee as Turkey steps up Syria offensive". BBC News. 11 October 2019 – melalui www.bbc.com.
^ Two Turkish soldiers killed in Kurdish militant attack in Syria: ministry
^ "Trump makes way for Turkey operation against Kurds in Syria". BBC News. 7 October 2019. Dicapai pada 10 October 2019.
^ Bethan McKernan (9 October 2019). "Turkey launches military operation in northern Syria". The Guardian.
^ "news". Al Jazeera. 10 October 2019.
^ "World reacts to Turkey's military operation in northeast Syria". Al Jazeera.

Pautan luar sunting

Stephanie Grisham (6 October 2019). "Statement from the [U.S.] Press Secretary: Foreign policy" (Read out of 6 October 2019, telephone conversation between Turkish president Erdoğan and U.S. president Trump). The White House. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2021-01-08. Dicapai pada 2019-11-09.

[1] "Turkish military, rebels to cross Syrian border 'shortly'". Al-Jazeera. 9 October 2019.

[2] "Turkey Syria offensive: Dozens killed as assault continues". BBC News. 11 October 2019. Dicapai pada 13 October 2019.

[3] "Syria's army to deploy along Turkey border as Kurds strike deal". Al-Jazeera. 14 October 2019.

[4] "Syrian army to deploy along Turkish border in deal with Kurdish-led forces". Reuters. 13 October 2019.

[5] "Son dakika! Fuat Oktay'dan Barış Pınarı Harekatı açıklaması". Mynet Haber.

[6] [1]

[syriahr342020-7] القوات التركية والفصائل الموالية لها تسيطر على مساحة نحو 220 كلم مربع عند الشريط الحدودي منذ انطلاق العملية العسكرية شرق الفرات

[8] "Turkish forces capture centre of key Syrian border town | CTV News". www.ctvnews.ca.

[9] "Islamic State relatives flee en masse from Syrian camp - Kurdish-led authority". Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2019-10-13. Dicapai pada 2019-11-09.

[10] "'Harekat ile ilgili çalışmalarımız devam ediyor'". www.aa.com.tr.

[11] Şafak, Yeni. "Free Syrian Army ready for potential new operation". Yeni Şafak.

[12] ÇAKSU, ERSİN (11 October 2019). "Not a single house captured by the enemy in Serekaniye". ANF News (dalam bahasa Inggeris). Dicapai pada 11 October 2019.

[13] [2]

[14] ttps://www.parlamentohaber.com/turk-ordusundan-80-bin-asker-ile-operasyon-hazirligi/

[15] "Explained: Why Turkey wants a military assault on Syrian Kurds". DW. 11 October 2019. Dicapai pada 13 October 2019.

[16] ttp://www.syriahr.com/?p=342115

[17] Erdogan says Turkish-led offensive to extend further along Syrian border

[18] ttp://www.syriahr.com/?p=342115

[19] Monitor: 104 SDF fighters killed battling Turkish attack

[20] ttps://www.aa.com.tr/en/operation-peace-spring/turkey-neutralizes-550-terrorists-in-syria-operation/1612811

[haber7-21] Son dakika haberi: Erdoğan harekatın ne zaman biteceğini açıkladı

[22] المزيد من الخسائر البشرية يرفع إلى نحو 15 تعداد الذين استشهدوا وقضوا جراء الغارات الجوية التركية التي استهدفت قافلة الدعم الإنساني في مدينة رأس العين

[23] "About 10 citizens were killed or injured due to rocket shelling carried out by the forces of "Jarabulus Military Council" on the city of Jarabulus north-east of Aleppo". 10 October 2019.

[24] "Turkey Says It Captured a Key Syrian Border Town". Time. 12 October 2019. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2019-10-13. Dicapai pada 2019-11-09.

[25] "Suriye operasyonu – Harekatın başladığı günden bu yana en az 18 sivil ve dört asker hayatını kaybetti". Medyascope. 12 October 2019. Dicapai pada 13 October 2019.

[26] ttp://www.syriahr.com/?p=341868

[27] "100,000 flee as Turkey steps up Syria offensive". BBC News. 11 October 2019 – melalui www.bbc.com.

[28] Two Turkish soldiers killed in Kurdish militant attack in Syria: ministry

[withdraw-29] "Trump makes way for Turkey operation against Kurds in Syria". BBC News. 7 October 2019. Dicapai pada 10 October 2019.

[30] Bethan McKernan (9 October 2019). "Turkey launches military operation in northern Syria". The Guardian.

[31] "news". Al Jazeera. 10 October 2019.

[32] "World reacts to Turkey's military operation in northeast Syria". Al Jazeera.

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