Plaid Cymru
Plaid Cymru [pla-id kĕm-ri] (nama rasminya: Plaid Cymru – Party of Wales) ialah sebuah parti politik berfahaman demokrasi sosial di negeri Wales yang menyokong kemerdekaan negeri tersebut daripada kesatuan United Kingdom sambil mengekalkan status dan perwakilannya dalam Kesatuan Eropah.[11][12]
Plaid Cymru – Party of Wales | |
|---|---|
| Fail:Plaid Cymru logo.svg | |
| Ditubuhkan | 5 Ogos 1925 |
| Ideologi | Nasionalisme Wales Kemerdekaan Wales[1][2] Nasionalisme awam[3] Regionalisme[4] Sosialisme demokratik[5][6][7] Demokrasi sosial[5][8][1] Faham persekitaran[3][7] Pro-Eropah |
| Penggabungan Eropah | European Free Alliance |
| Kumpulan Parlimen Eropah | Greens/EFA |
| Warna | Hijau |
| Perwakilan Wales dalam Dewan Rakyat | 4 / 40
|
| Dewan Pertuanan[9] | Templat:HOL PC / Templat:HOLtotal
<div style="background-color:
|
| Perwakilan Wales dalam Parlimen Eropah | 1 / 4
|
| Perhimpunan Kebangsaan Wales | 10 / 60
|
| Kerajaan tempatan Wales[10] | 202 / 1,254
|
| Police and Crime Commissioner | 2 / 4
|
Setakat tahun 2018, parti ini memegang satu perempat kerusi perwakilan Wales dalam Parlimen Eropah, 4 daripada 40 kerusi perwakilan Wales dalam Parlimen United Kingdom, 10 daripada 60 kerusi Perhimpunan Kebangsaan Wales, serta 202 daripada 1,264 majlis kerajaan tempatan.[13]
Keputusan pilihan raya sunting
Pilihan raya Parlimen Eropah sunting
| Tahun pilihan raya | Percentage of
vote in Wales |
Total no.
of votes |
Bil. kerusi dimenangi |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1979 | 11.7% | 83,399 | 0 / 4
|
| 1984 | 12.2% | 103,031 | 0 / 4
|
| 1989 | 12.9% | 115,062 | 0 / 4
|
| 1994 | 17.1% | 162,478 | 0 / 5
|
| 1999 | 29.6% | 185,235 | 2 / 5
|
| 2004 | 17.1% | 159,888 | 1 / 4
|
| 2009 | 18.5% | 126,702 | 1 / 4
|
| 2014 | 15.3% | 111,695 | 1 / 4
|
Pilihan raya umum United Kingdom sunting
| Tahun pilihan raya | Peratusan undian in Wales | Bil. undian | Bil. kerusi dimenangi | Keputusan |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1929 | 0.003% | 609 | 0 / 36 |
— |
| 1931 | 0.2% | 2,050 | 0 / 36 |
— |
| 1935 | 0.3% | 2,534 | 0 / 36 |
— |
| 1945 | 1.2% | 16,017 | 0 / 36 |
— |
| 1950 | 1.2% | 17,580 | 0 / 36 |
— |
| 1951 | 0.7% | 10,920 | 0 / 36 |
— |
| 1955 | 3.1% | 45,119 | 0 / 36 |
— |
| 1959 | 5.2% | 77,571 | 0 / 36 |
— |
| 1964 | 4.8% | 69,507 | 0 / 36 |
— |
| 1966 | 4.3% | 61,071 | 0 / 36 |
— |
| 1970 | 11.5% | 175,016 | 0 / 36 |
— |
| Februari 1974 | 10.8% | 171,374 | 2 / 36 |
Opposition |
| Oktober 1974 | 10.8% | 166,321 | 3 / 36 |
Opposition |
| 1979 | 8.1% | 132,544 | 2 / 36 |
Opposition |
| 1983 | 7.8% | 125,309 | 2 / 38 |
Opposition |
| 1987 | 7.3% | 123,599 | 3 / 38 |
Opposition |
| 1992* | 9% | 156,796 | 4 / 38 |
Opposition |
| 1997 | 9.9% | 161,030 | 4 / 40 |
Opposition |
| 2001 | 14.3% | 195,893 | 4 / 40 |
Opposition |
| 2005 | 12.6% | 174,838 | 3 / 40 |
Opposition |
| 2010 | 11.3% | 165,394 | 3 / 40 |
Opposition |
| 2015 | 12.1% | 181,694 | 3 / 40 |
Opposition |
| 2017 | 10.4% | 164,466 | 4 / 40 |
Opposition |
*Six seats (Blaenau Gwent, Ceredigion & Pembroke North, Islwyn, Monmouth, Newport West and Torfaen) contested on a joint Plaid Cymru/Green Party ticket
National Assembly for Wales elections sunting
| Tahun pilihan raya | Peratusan undian (constituency) | Peratusan undian (regional) | Bil. kerusi dimenangi (constituency) | Bil. kerusi dimenangi (kawasan) | Bil. kerusi dimenangi (jumlah) | Keputusan |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1999 | 28.4% (290,572) | 30.6% (312,048) | 9 / 40
|
8 / 20
|
17 / 60 |
Opposition |
| 2003 | 21.2% (180,185) | 19.7% (167,653) | 5 / 40
|
7 / 20
|
12 / 60 |
Opposition |
| 2007 | 22.4% (219,121) | 21.0% (204,757) | 7 / 40
|
8 / 20
|
15 / 60 |
Coalition |
| 2011 | 19.3% (182,907) | 17.9% (169,799) | 5 / 40
|
6 / 20
|
11 / 60 |
Opposition |
| 2016 | 20.5% (209,376) | 20.8% (211,548) | 6 / 40
|
6 / 20
|
12 / 60 |
Opposition |
Rujukan sunting
- ^ a b Wolfram Nordsieck. "Parties and Elections in Europe". parties-and-elections.eu.
- ^ Programme for Opposition. p.4. Accessed via the official Plaid Cymru website. Accessed on 30 August 2017.
- ^ a b Hamilton, Paul (2008). "Nationalism and Environmentalism". Nations and Nationalism: A Global Historical Overview. ABC-CLIO. 3: 881CS1 maint: postscript (link)
- ^ Frans Schrijver (2006). Regionalism After Regionalisation: Spain, France and the United Kingdom. Amsterdam University Press. m/s. 261–290. ISBN 978-90-5629-428-1.
- ^ a b Schrijver, Frans (2006). "Regionalism After Regionalisation: Spain, France and the United Kingdom". Amsterdam University Press: 330 Cite journal requires
|journal=(bantuan)CS1 maint: postscript (link) - ^ Siaroff, Alan (2000). "Comparative European Party Systems: An Analysis of Parliamentary Elections Since 1945". Garland: 467 Cite journal requires
|journal=(bantuan)CS1 maint: postscript (link) - ^ a b Elias, Anwen (2006). "From 'full national status' to 'independence' in Europe: The case of Plaid Cymru — the Party of Wales". European Integration and the Nationalities Question. Routledge: 194 Cite has empty unknown parameter:
|1=(bantuan)CS1 maint: postscript (link) - ^ Driver, Stephen (2011). "Understanding British Party Politics". Polity Press: 176 Cite journal requires
|journal=(bantuan)CS1 maint: postscript (link) - ^ "Lords by party and type of peerage". UK Parliament.
- ^ "Local Council Political Compositions". Keith Edkins. 5 May 2017. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2019-01-07. Dicapai pada 15 May 2017.
- ^ "Plaid Cymru conference calls for independence for Wales". BBC News. 10 September 2011.
- ^ "Plaid Cymru Constitution" (PDF). February 2013. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal (PDF) pada 2014-04-08. Dicapai pada 8 April 2014. Cite journal requires
|journal=(bantuan) - ^ Edkins, Keith Local Council Political Compositions Diarkibkan 2019-01-07 di Wayback Machine di Gwydir.demon.co.uk, 18 Februari 2012. Dicapai pada 1 Mac 2012.