BRICS
Dalam bidang ekonomi, BRICS ialah singkatan perkumpulan yang memaksudkan sebuah kesatuan ekonomi yang terdiri daripada negara-negara Brazil, Rusia, India, China, dan Afrika Selatan (South Africa).
Singkatan ini (asalnya "BRIC") dicipta oleh Jim O'Neill dalam kertas kerja "Building Better Global Economic BRICs" (2011).[1][2][3] Singkatan ini digunakan secara meluas sebagai lambang peralihan kuasa ekonomi global daripada negara maju G7 kepada negara membangun. Pada 13 April 2011, "S" secara rasminya dibubuh pada BRIC untuk menjadi BRICS setelah Afrika Selatan menyertai kesatuan.[4][5][6]
Rujukan sunting
- ^ Kowitt, Beth (2009-06-17). "For Mr. BRIC, nations meeting a milestone". CNNMoney.com. Dicapai pada 2009-06-18.
- ^ Global Economics Paper No. 99, Dreaming with BRICs and Global Economics Paper 134, How Solid Are the BRICs?
- ^ Economist's Another BRIC in the wall 2008 article
- ^ "S. Africa Joins; BRIC Now BRICS, April 13, 2011". Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2011-02-24. Dicapai pada 2011-04-18.
- ^ BRICS Gain Global Influence as South Africa Joins, President of Russia Medvedev, April 13, 2011
- ^ Emerging Bloc Adds South Africa, April 13, 2011
Bacaan lanjut sunting
- Elder, Miriam, and Leahy, Joe, et al., Who's who: Bric leaders take their place at the top table, Financial Times, London, September 25, 2008
- O'Neill, Jim, BRICs could point the way out of the Economic Mire, Financial Times, London, September 23, 2008, p.28.
- Mark Kobayashi-Hillary, 'Building a Future with BRICs: The Next Decade for Offshoring' (Nov 2007). ISBN 978-3-540-46453-2.
Pautan luar sunting
- Goldman Sachs: The BRICs Dream: Web Tour, July 2006[pautan mati kekal]
- Grant Thornton IBR - Emerging markets: reshaping the global economy. May 2008 Diarkibkan 2011-07-13 di Wayback Machine
- Grant Thornton IBR - Emerging markets (BRIC) focus. 2007 Diarkibkan 2013-10-14 di Wayback Machine
- Thomas Harr, Senior Analyst, Danske Bank: BRIC The Major Issues; June 2006 Diarkibkan 2006-11-20 di Wayback Machine
- Kristalina Georgieva, Country Director Russian Federation, World Bank: BRIC Countries in Comparative Perspective, 2006
- Article on Brics from the Danish National Bank with extensive statistics and comaprisons with G7 countries and Denmark Diarkibkan 2006-05-30 di Wayback Machine
- Businessweek article on Goldman Sach's predictions regarding BRIC
- Goldman Sach's predictions for BRIC - pdf
- "Mapping the Global Future: Report of the National Intelligence Council's 2020 Project" Diarkibkan 2006-07-28 di Wayback Machine - National Intelligence Council report and Forecast
- Luxury Marketing in BRIC Countries: When Fashion and Foreign Policy Converge. Market segment analysis by Criterion Global, International Media Buying firm Diarkibkan 2011-07-08 di Wayback Machine
- BBC Documentary Archive - four part audio documentary
- Centre for Rising Powers, University of Cambridge