Batu Kawi
Batu kawi[2] merujuk kepada galian berwarna merah bata berunsur hidrargirum(II) sulfida (HgS) merupakan sumber bijih paling umum untuk mendapatkan raksa.
Batu kawi | |
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Batu kawi |
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Maklumat am | |
Kategori | Mineral sulfida |
Formula kimia | Hidrargirum(II) sulfida, HgS |
Pengecaman | |
Warna | Cochineal-red, towards brownish red and lead-gray |
Tabii hablur | Rhombohedral to tabular; granular to massive and as incrustations |
Sistem hablur | Trigonal |
Pengembaran | Simple contact twins, twin plane {0001} |
Pembelahan | Prismatic {1010}, perfect |
Fraktur | Uneven to subconchoidal |
Kekerasan skala Mohs | 2.0-2.5 |
Kilau | Adamantine to dull |
Indeks biasan | nω = 2.905 nε = 3.256 |
Sifat-sifat optik | Uniaxial (+) |
Dwibiasan | δ = 0.351 |
Guris | Scarlet |
Graviti tentu | 8.176 |
Keterlarutan | 1.04 x 10−25 g per 100 ml water (Ksp at 25 °C = 2 x 10−32)[1] |
Diafaneiti | Transparan dalam pecahan tipis |
Jenis Batu Kawi ditentukan berdasarkan cara terbentuknya iaitu secara:
- Organik
- Mekanik
- Kimia
Ia digunakan sebagai pewarna sejak zaman kuno di Timur Dekat.
Rujukan
sunting- ^ Myers, R.J. (1986). "The new low value for the second dissociation constant of H2S. Its history, its best value, and its impact on teaching sulfide equilibria". J. Chem. Ed. 63: 689, 687–690.
- ^ Wilkinson, Richard James (1932). "kawi". A Malay-English dictionary (romanised). I. Mytilini, Yunani: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis. m/s. 519 – melalui TROVE, Perpustakaan Negara Australia.
Wikimedia Commons mempunyai media berkaitan Batu Kawi |
Bacaan tambahan
sunting- Susan Stewart, 2014, "'Gleaming and deadly white': Toxic cosmetics in the Roman world," pp. 84f, 79-88, in History of Toxicology and Environmental Health: Toxicology in Antiquity II (Philip Wexler, Ed.), New York, NY, USA:Academic Press, ISBN 0-12-801634-5
- Barone G., Di Bella M., Mastelloni M.A., Mazzoleni P., Quartieri S., Raneri S., Sabatino G., Vailati C.,Pottery production of the pittore di lipari: chemical and mineralogical analysis of the pigments, in 2 end European Mineralogical Conference, emc2016 “Minerals, fluids and rocks: alphabet and words of planet earth”, Rimini, 11-15 sett. 2016, p. 716