Etologi
Templat:Etologi Etologi (daripada bahasa Yunani: ἦθος, ethos, "watak"; dan -λογία, -logia, "kajian") ialah kajian sains dan objektif bagi tingkah laku haiwan, dan merupakan subtopik zoologi. Fokus etologi adalah tentang tingkah laku haiwan di bawah keadaan semula jadi, berlawanan dengan behaviorisme, yang berfokus pada kajian gerak balas tingkah laku dalam latar makmal.
Lihat jugaSunting
RujukanSunting
Bacaan lanjutSunting
- Burkhardt, Richard W. Jr. "On the Emergence of Ethology as a Scientific Discipline." Conspectus of History 1.7 (1981).
- Klein, Z. (2000). "The ethological approach to the study of human behavior" (PDF). Neuroendocrinology Letters (21): 477–481. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal (PDF) pada 2016-03-03. Dicapai pada 2014-05-05.
- Karen Shanor and Jagmeet Kanwal: Bats Sing, Mice Giggle: Revealing the Secret Lives of Animals, Icon (2009). 'Accessible to the lay reader and acceptable to the scientific community' (The Daily Telegraph), 10 Oktober 2009.
Pautan luarSunting
- Konrad Lorenz Institute for Evolution and Cognitive Research (Inggeris)
- Center for the Integrative Study of Animal behaviour (Inggeris)
- Applied Ethology (Inggeris)
- The International Society for Human Ethology Diarkibkan 2006-06-26 di Wayback Machine — aims at promoting ethological perspectives in the scientific study of humans worldwide (Inggeris)
- Abstracts of the XXIX Ethological Conference (Inggeris)
- Center for Avian Cognition University of Nebraska (Alan Kamil, Alan Bond) (Inggeris)
- Multimedia site about Applied Animal Behaviour topics by Michigan State University professor Diarkibkan 2012-12-10 di archive.today (Inggeris)
- Rajah tentang empat soalan Tinbergen
- The Four Areas of Biology Diarkibkan 2007-06-22 di Wayback Machine (Inggeris)
- The Four Areas of Biology AND levels of inquiry (Inggeris)