Anglosfera
Anglosfera ialah sekumpulan negara berbahasa Inggeris yang berkongsi hubungan budaya dan sejarah yang sama dengan England atau United Kingdom secara meluas,[1][2] dan yang hari ini mengekalkan kerjasama politik, diplomatik dan ketenteraan yang erat. Walaupun negara-negara yang termasuk dalam sumber yang berbeza berbeza-beza, Anglosfera biasanya tidak dianggap merangkumi semua negara di mana bahasa Inggeris adalah bahasa rasmi, jadi ia tidak sinonim dengan anglofon, walaupun negara-negara yang biasanya disertakan semuanya pernah menjadi sebahagian daripada Empayar British.[3]
Takrifan biasanya diambil untuk memasukkan Australia, Kanada, New Zealand, United Kingdom,[4][5][6][7] dan Amerika Syarikat[8][9][10][11] dalam kumpulan negara maju yang dipanggil teras Anglosfera. Istilah ini juga boleh merangkumi Republik Ireland[7][12][13] dan kurang kerap Malta dan negara Komanwel Caribbean seperti Antigua dan Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Saint Kitts dan Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent dan Grenadines, dan Trinidad dan Tobago.[14][15]
Penyelidikan pendapat awam mendapati bahawa orang di lima negara teras Anglosfera secara konsisten meletakkan negara masing-masing sebagai sekutu terpenting negara mereka di dunia.[16][17][18][19] Hubungan secara tradisinya hangat antara negara Anglosfera, dengan perkongsian dua hala seperti antara Australia dan New Zealand, Amerika Syarikat dan Kanada serta Amerika Syarikat dan United Kingdom membentuk perkongsian yang paling berjaya di dunia.[20][21][22]
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- ^ "Anglosphere definition and meaning – Collins English Dictionary". www.collinsdictionary.com.
- ^ "CANZUK, Conservatives and Canada: Marching backward to empire – iPolitics". 24 February 2017.
- ^ "The Anglosphere and its Others: The 'English-speaking Peoples' in a Changing World Order – British Academy". British Academy.
- ^ "In the shadows of empire: how the Anglosphere dream lives on – UK in a changing Europe". 11 May 2018.
- ^ Mycock, Andrew; Wellings, Ben. "Beyond Brexit: 'Global Britain' looks to the emerging Anglosphere for new opportunities". The Conversation.
- ^ "The Anglosphere: Past, present and future". The British Academy.
- ^ a b "What is the Anglosphere, Anyway?". 8 November 2019.
- ^ Press, Stanford University. "The Anglosphere: A Genealogy of a Racialized Identity in International Relations | Srdjan Vucetic". www.sup.org.
- ^ "Getting Real About the Anglosphere". 17 February 2020.
- ^ "Five reasons the Anglosphere is more than just a romantic vision – but has real geopolitical teeth". CityAM. 15 December 2016.
- ^ Mycock, Andrew; Wellings, Ben. "The UK after Brexit: Can and Will the Anglosphere Replace the EU?" (PDF).
- ^ Editorial (3 November 2017). "The Guardian view on languages and the British: Brexit and an Anglosphere prison – Editorial". The Guardian.
- ^ "Which way is Ireland going?". Financial Times.
- ^ "Student visa". GOV.UK.
- ^ Lloyd 2000.
- ^ Katz, Josh (3 February 2017). "Which Country Is America's Strongest Ally? For Republicans, It's Australia". The New York Times.
- ^ "YouGov – Who do the British regard as allies?". YouGov: What the world thinks.
- ^ "While 60% of Canadians Consider U.S.A. Canada's Closest Friend and Ally, Only 18% of Americans Name Canada As Same - 56% Instead Name Britain". Ipsos.
- ^ "Poll". Lowy Institute. 2018.
- ^ "The Trans-Tasman Relationship: A New Zealand Perspective" (PDF).
- ^ "U.S. and Canada: The World's Most Successful Bilateral Relationship". RealClearWorld. 9 March 2016.
- ^ Marsh, Steve (1 June 2012). "'Global Security: US–UK relations': lessons for the special relationship?". Journal of Transatlantic Studies. 10 (2): 182–199. doi:10.1080/14794012.2012.678119.
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- Bell, Duncan (19 January 2017). "The Anglosphere: new enthusiasm for an old dream". Prospect.
- Bellocchio, Luca (2006). Anglosfera. Forma e forza del nuovo Pan-Anglismo. Genova, Il Melangolo. ISBN 978-88-7018-601-7.
- Bennett, James C. (2004). The anglosphere challenge: why the English-speaking nations will lead the way in the twenty-first century. Rowman & Littlefield. m/s. 80. ISBN 978-0742533325.
- Bennett, James C. "Dreaming Europe in a Wide-Awake World". The National Interest, no. 78 (2004): 119–29. Accessed April 21, 2021.
- Brown, Andrew (15 February 2003). "Scourge and poet". The Guardian.
- Conquest, Robert; Reply by Ignatieff, Michael (23 March 2000). "The 'Anglosphere'". The New York Review of Books. Dicapai pada 2007-07-24.
- Hannan, Daniel (2 March 2014). "The Anglosphere is alive and well, but I wonder whether it needs a better name". The Daily Telegraph. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 7 April 2016. Dicapai pada 12 April 2016.
- Kenny, Michael; Pearce, Nick (2015). "The rise of the Anglosphere: how the right dreamed up a new conservative world order". New Statesman. Dicapai pada 2018-05-23.
- Kenny, Michael; Pearce, Nick (2018). Shadows of Empire: The Anglosphere in British Politics. Polity. ISBN 978-1-509-51660-5.
- Lloyd, John (2000). "The Anglosphere Project". New Statesman. Dicapai pada 30 November 2012.
- Parulekar, Shashi; Kotkin, Joel (2012). "The State of the Anglosphere". City Journal.
- Pomerantsev, Peter (2016-07-13). "The idealistic pull of the 'Anglosphere'". Politico Europe.
- Roberts, Andrew (2006). A History of the English-Speaking Peoples Since 1900. Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN 978-0297850762.
- Vucetic, Srdjan (2011). The Anglosphere: A Genealogy of a Racialized Identity in International Relations. Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-7224-2.
- Wellings, Ben (2017). "The Anglosphere in the Brexit Referendum". Revue française de civilisation britannique. XXII (2). doi:10.4000/rfcb.1354.
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