Gereja tertentu dan ritus liturgi Katolik

Sebuah gereja tertentu ( Latin: ecclesia particulariscode: la is deprecated ) adalah sebuah komuniti gerejawi yang beriman yang diketuai oleh seorang uskup (atau setara ), seperti yang ditakrifkan oleh undang-undang kanun dan eklesiologi Katolik. Ritus liturgi bergantung pada gereja tertentu yang menjadi milik uskup (atau yang setara). Oleh itu "gereja tertentu" merujuk kepada institusi, dan "ritus liturgi" kepada amalan ritualnya.

Gereja tertentu wujud dalam dua jenis:

Gereja tertentu autonomi sui iuris : himpunan gereja tertentu dengan tradisi liturgi, rohani, teologi dan kanonik yang berbeza. ^[1] Gereja khusus autonomi yang terbesar ialah Gereja Latin . 23 Gereja Katolik Timur yang lain diketuai oleh uskup, beberapa daripadanya bertajuk Patriarch atau Major Archbishop . Dalam konteks ini deskriptor autonomi ( Yunani: αὐτόνομοςcode: el is deprecated ) dan sui iuris ( Latin ) adalah sinonim, bermaksud "undang-undangnya sendiri".
Gereja tertentu tempatan : keuskupan (atau eparki ) yang diketuai oleh seorang uskup (atau yang setara), biasanya dikumpulkan dalam politik negara di bawah persidangan episkopal . Walau bagaimanapun, terdapat juga bentuk lain, termasuk vikariat apostolik, wilayah apostolik , ordinariat tentera, ordinariat peribadi, prelatur peribadi, dan abbasi wilayah . ^[2]

Ritus liturgi juga wujud dalam dua jenis:

Ritus liturgi : upacara liturgi bergantung pada tradisi gereja tertentu yang autonomi sui iuris
Upacara liturgi perintah Katolik : satu varian upacara liturgi yang sangat bergantung pada perintah agama tertentu

Gereja sunting

Firenena manana ny foiben'ny fiangonana katolika tatsinanana manokana (mena: fombafomba Byzantine, maitso: fombafomba Alexandria, mavo: hafa)

Senarai gereja sui iuris sunting

	Name	Est.	Rite	Seat	Polity	Jurisdictions	Bishops	Members
	Coptic Catholic Church	1741	Alexandrian	Cathedral of Our Lady, Cairo, Egypt	Patriarchate	8	13	187,320
	Eritrean Catholic Church^[3]	2015		Kidane Mehret Cathedral, Asmara, Eritrea	Metropolitanate	4	4	167,722
	Ethiopian Catholic Church	1846		Cathedral of the Holy Saviour, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia	Metropolitanate	4	4	70,832
	Armenian Catholic Church	1742	Armenian	Cathedral of Saint Elias and Saint Gregory, Beirut, Lebanon	Patriarchate	18	16	757,726
	Albanian Greek Catholic Church	1628	Byzantine	Pro-Cathedral of Saint Mary and Saint Louis, Vlorë, Albania	Apostolic administration	1	2	4,028^[4]
	Belarusian Greek Catholic Church	1596		none	none	0	0	9,000^[5]
	Bulgarian Greek Catholic Church	1861		Cathedral of the Dormition, Sofia, Bulgaria	Apostolic exarchate	1	1	10,000
	Greek Catholic Church of Croatia and Serbia^[6]^:{{{1}}}	1611		several^{[note 1]}	no unified structure	2	2	42,965
	Greek Byzantine Catholic Church	1911		several^{[note 2]}	no unified structure	2	2	6,016
	Hungarian Greek Catholic Church	1912		Cathedral of Hajdúdorog, Debrecen, Hungary	Metropolitanate	3	4	262,484
	Italo-Albanian Catholic Church	1784		several^{[note 3]}	no unified structure	3	2	55,812
	Macedonian Greek Catholic Church	2001		Cathedral of the Assumption, Strumica, North Macedonia	Eparchy	1	1	11,374
	Melkite Greek Catholic Church	1726		Cathedral of the Dormition, Damascus, Syria	Patriarchate	29	35	1,568,239
	Romanian Greek Catholic Church	1697		Cathedral of the Holy Trinity, Blaj, Romania	Major archiepiscopate	7	8	498,658
	Russian Greek Catholic Church	1905		none^{[note 4]}	none	2	0	3,200^{[perlu rujukan]}
	Ruthenian Greek Catholic Church	1646		Cathedral of Saint John the Baptist, Pittsburgh, United States	Metropolitanate	6	8	417,795
	Slovak Greek Catholic Church	1646		Cathedral of Saint John the Baptist, Prešov, Slovakia	Metropolitanate	4	6	211,208
	Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church	1595		Cathedral of the Resurrection, Kyiv, Ukraine	Major archiepiscopate	35	50	4,471,688
	Chaldean Catholic Church	1552	East Syriac	Cathedral of Our Lady of Sorrows, Baghdad, Iraq	Patriarchate	23	23	628,405
	Syro-Malabar Catholic Church	50s AD	East Syriac	Cathedral of Our Lady, Ernakulam, Kerala, India	Major archiepiscopate	35	63	4,251,399
	Maronite Church	4th c.	West Syriac	Church of Bkerke, Bkerke, Lebanon	Patriarchate	29	50	3,498,707
	Syriac Catholic Church	1781		Syriac Catholic Cathedral of Saint Paul, Damascus, Syria	Patriarchate	16	20	195,765
	Syro-Malankara Catholic Church	1930		Cathedral of Saint Mary, Pattom, Kerala, India	Major archiepiscopate	12	14	458,015
	Latin Church	1st c.	Latin	Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran, Rome, Italy	Patriarchate			1,295,000,000
	Other		various	several	Ordinariates	6	6	47,830
Total						2,851	5,304	1.313 billion

Eklesiologi sunting

Ritus sunting

Buku Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches mentakrifkan "ritus" seperti berikut: "Ritus adalah warisan liturgi, teologi, rohani dan disiplin, yang dibezakan mengikut budaya dan keadaan sejarah masyarakat, yang mendapati ekspresi dalam cara setiap gereja autonomi dalam menjalani iman. ." ^[7]

upacara Latin (Barat). sunting

masih wujud
Ritus Rom Bentuk biasa Ritus Rom Bentuk luar biasa Ritus Rom Ibadah Ilahi: Missal Penggunaan Zaire Ritus Gallican Ambrosian Rite (di Milan, Itali, dan kawasan jiran) Ritus Braga Ritus Lyon (di Lyon, Perancis, dikekalkan di beberapa paroki) Ritus Mozarabic (di Toledo dan Salamanca, Sepanyol) upacara liturgi perintah Katolik Ritus Benedictine Carmelite Rite (hanya oleh sesetengah komuniti atau ahli perintah) Ritus Carthusian (upacara Barat keluarga Gallican) Ritus Cistercian Dominican Rite (hanya oleh sesetengah komuniti atau ahli perintah) Ritus Pramonstratensian (Norbertine). Ritus dalam erti kata yang luas (tidak berbeza dengan Ritus Rom) Ritus Capuchin Ritus Franciscan Upacara Servite

Tidak berfungsi
African Rite Aquileian Rite (northeastern Italy) Benevente and Sizilian Use^{[perlu rujukan]} Celtic Rite (British Isles) Cologne Use (Cologne, Germany) Durham Rite (Durham, England) Esztergom Use (Hungary) Metz Use (Low Countries) Nidaros Use (Norway) Pre-Tridentine Mass (the various pre-1570 ordinary forms of the Roman Rite) Sarum Rite (Salisbury, England) Uppsala Use (Sweden) Use of York (York, England)

upacara timur sunting

masih wujud
Byzantine Rite^{[note 5]} Antiochene family Malankara Rite Maronite Rite Syro-Antiochian Rite East Syriac or Chaldean tradition Chaldean Rite Syro-Malabar Rite Armenian Rite Alexandrian Rite Coptic Rite Ge'ez Rite

Lihat juga sunting

Gereja Katolik mengikut negara
Indeks artikel Gereja Katolik
Senarai keuskupan Katolik (pandangan berstruktur)

Rujukan sunting

Nota sunting

^ Ralat petik: Tag <ref> tidak sah; teks bagi rujukan kriz tidak disediakan
^ Ralat petik: Tag <ref> tidak sah; teks bagi rujukan greek tidak disediakan
^ Ralat petik: Tag <ref> tidak sah; teks bagi rujukan italo tidak disediakan
^ Ralat petik: Tag <ref> tidak sah; teks bagi rujukan russ tidak disediakan
^ This rite, though used by 14 Eastern particular churches has preserved, apart from the diversity of languages used, its uniformity and remained a single liturgical rite, though there is a Slavonic Use among Ukrainian and other Slavic churches.

Petikan sunting

^ "Orientalium Ecclesiarum". Vatican.va. Dicapai pada 2018-04-18.
^ Particular Churches, in which and from which the one and only Catholic Church exists, are principally dioceses. Unless the contrary is clear, the following are equivalent to a diocese: a territorial prelature, a territorial abbacy, a vicariate apostolic, a prefecture apostolic and a permanently established apostolic administration. (Code of Canon Law, canon 368)
^ "Erezione della Chiesa Metropolitana sui iuris eritrea e nomina del primo Metropolita". Holy See Press Office. January 19, 2015. Dicapai pada January 19, 2015.
^ "Apostolic Administration of Southern Albania, Albania (Albanese Rite)". gcatholic.org. Dicapai pada 2019-07-09.
^ "Belarussian Church (Catholic)". gcatholic.org. Dicapai pada 2019-07-09.
^ Annuario Pontificio. Libreria Editrice Vaticana. 2012. ISBN 978-88-209-8722-0.
^ "Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches, canon 28 §1". Vatican.va. Dicapai pada 2018-04-18.

Bacaan lanjut sunting

Brock, Sebastian P. (1992). Studies in Syriac Christianity: History, Literature, and Theology. Aldershot: Variorum. ISBN 9780860783053.
Nedungatt, George, penyunting (2002). A Guide to the Eastern Code: A Commentary on the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches. Rome: Oriental Institute Press. ISBN 9788872103364.

Pautan luar sunting

Upacara Katolik GigaCatholic/Gereja Tertentu

Templat:Latin Church footer

[kriz-7] Ralat petik: Tag <ref> tidak sah; teks bagi rujukan kriz tidak disediakan

[greek-8] Ralat petik: Tag <ref> tidak sah; teks bagi rujukan greek tidak disediakan

[italo-9] Ralat petik: Tag <ref> tidak sah; teks bagi rujukan italo tidak disediakan

[russ-10] Ralat petik: Tag <ref> tidak sah; teks bagi rujukan russ tidak disediakan

[12] This rite, though used by 14 Eastern particular churches has preserved, apart from the diversity of languages used, its uniformity and remained a single liturgical rite, though there is a Slavonic Use among Ukrainian and other Slavic churches.

[1] "Orientalium Ecclesiarum". Vatican.va. Dicapai pada 2018-04-18.

[2] Particular Churches, in which and from which the one and only Catholic Church exists, are principally dioceses. Unless the contrary is clear, the following are equivalent to a diocese: a territorial prelature, a territorial abbacy, a vicariate apostolic, a prefecture apostolic and a permanently established apostolic administration. (Code of Canon Law, canon 368)

[Eritrean_Catholic_Church-3] "Erezione della Chiesa Metropolitana sui iuris eritrea e nomina del primo Metropolita". Holy See Press Office. January 19, 2015. Dicapai pada January 19, 2015.

[4] "Apostolic Administration of Southern Albania, Albania (Albanese Rite)". gcatholic.org. Dicapai pada 2019-07-09.

[5] "Belarussian Church (Catholic)". gcatholic.org. Dicapai pada 2019-07-09.

[6] Annuario Pontificio. Libreria Editrice Vaticana. 2012. ISBN 978-88-209-8722-0.

[11] "Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches, canon 28 §1". Vatican.va. Dicapai pada 2018-04-18.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[note 1]

[note 2]

[note 3]

[note 4]

[7]

[note 5]