Daud al-Zahiri
Daud bin Ali bin Khalaf al-Zahiri (Arab: دَاوُدُ بنُ عَلِيِّ بنِ خَلَفٍ الظَّاهِرِيُّ; 815–883 M / 199–269 H) ialah seorang ulama Sunni, ahli fikah dan teologi semasa zaman Kegemilangan Islam, yang pakar dalam pengajian undang-undang Islam (syariah) dan bidang hermeneutika, periwayatan hadis, dan pensejarahan awal Islam. Dia ialah pengasas aliran mazhab Zahiri,[12] aliran kelima dalam Ahli Sunah Waljamaah, yang bercirikan pengambilan tegas terhadap perkara zahir dan pergantungan kepada maksud zahir dalam al-Quran dan hadis; persepakatan (ijmak) Sahabat generasi awal, bagi sumber-sumber perundangan Islam (syariah); dan menolak kesimpulan analogi (qiyas) dan adat atau pengetahuan masyarakat tempatan (urf), yang digunakan oleh aliran mazhab fiqah yang lain. Dia diraikan, jika bukan kontroversi, sebagai seorang tokoh pada zamannya,[13] menjadi rujukan dalam teks pensejarahan Islam sebagai "ulama pada zamannya."
Daud al-Zahiri | |
|---|---|
دَاوُد الظَّاهِرِيُّ | |
| Gelaran | Imām ahl al-Ẓāhir[1] |
| Peribadi | |
| Kelahiran | c. 815[2] |
| Kematian | c. 883 or 884[2] (age approx. 68) Baghdad, Khilafah Abbasiyah |
| Agama | Islam |
| Warganegara | Parsi[2] |
| Bandar kediaman | Qāshān berhampiran Aṣbahān[4] |
| Era | Zaman Kegemilangan Islam (Era Abbasiyah) |
| Kawasan | Mesopotamia |
| Mazhab akidah | Sunnī |
| Mazhab fikah | Ahli Hadis[8]/Ijtihad |
| Akidah | Athari[5][6][7] |
| Kecenderungan utama | Fikah[8] |
| Pemimpin Islam | |
Dipengaruhi oleh | |
Mempengaruhi | |
Rujukan
sunting- ^ Osman, Amr (17 July 2014). The Ẓāhirī Madhhab (3rd/9th-10th/16th Century): A Textualist Theory of Islamic Law. BRILL. m/s. 13. ISBN 978-90-04-27965-0 – melalui Google Books.
- ^ a b c d Sheikh, Naveed S. (2021). "Making Sense of Salafism: Theological foundations, ideological iterations, and political manifestations – Genealogy A: Ibn Hanbal and the Ahl al-Ḥadīth". Dalam Haynes, Jeffrey (penyunting). The Routledge Handbook of Religion, Politics, and Ideology (ed. 1st). London and New York: Routledge. m/s. 165. doi:10.4324/9780367816230-16. ISBN 9780367816230. S2CID 237931579 Check
|s2cid=value (bantuan).Ibn Hanbal's reliance on the explicit import of the text (naṣṣ) was exceeded only by the literalism of the Ẓāhirī school, founded by his student, the Persian Dawud al-Zahiri (c. 815–883), and later popularized by Andalusian jurist Ali Ibn Hazm (994–1064). The Zahiris would outright reject analogical reasoning (qiyās) as a method for deducing jurisprudential rulings while considering consensus (ijmāʿ) to be binding only when comprising a first-generation consensus of the Companions of the Prophet.
- ^ Osman, Amr (17 July 2014). "The Ẓāhirī Madhhab (3rd/9th-10th/16th Century): A Textualist Theory of Islamic Law". BRILL. m/s. 11 – melalui Google Books.
- ^ Goldziher, Ignác (21 June 2008). "The Zahiris". BRILL – melalui Google Books.
- ^ Lobel, Diana (2000). Between Mysticism and Philosophy. Albany: State University of New York Press. m/s. 60. ISBN 0-7914-4451-1.
- ^ Bearman P.; Bianquis Th.; Bosworth C.E.; van Donzel E.; Heinrichs W.P., penyunting (2005). "Dāwūd b. ʿAlī b. K̲h̲alaf". Encyclopaedia of Islam. 2 (ed. Second). Albany, NY: Brill. m/s. 182. ISBN 9789004161214.
- ^ Jonathan, Constance; Crowe, Youngwon Lee (2019). "9: Natural law in Islam from theological and legal perspectives". Research Handbook on Natural Law Theory. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing. m/s. 157. ISBN 978-1-78811-003-7.
- ^ a b c Osman, Amr (2014). "Dāwūd al-Ẓāhirī and the Beginnings of the Ẓāhirī Madhhab". The Ẓāhirī Madhhab (3rd/9th-10th/16th Century): A Textualist Theory of Islamic Law. Studies in Islamic Law and Society. 38. Leiden and Boston: Brill Publishers. m/s. 6, 9–47, 122. doi:10.1163/9789004279650_003. ISBN 978-90-04-27965-0. ISSN 1384-1130.
- ^ Melchert, Christopher (2015) [1999]. "How Ḥanafism Came to Originate in Kufa and Traditionalism in Medina". Hadith, Piety, and Law: Selected Studies. Islamic Law and Society. 6. Atlanta and Leiden: Brill Publishers/Lockwood Press. m/s. 318–347. ISBN 978-1-937040-49-9. JSTOR 3399501. LCCN 2015954883.
- ^ Joseph Schacht, Dāwūd b. ʿAlī b. Khalaf. Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Brill Online, 2013. Reference. 9 January 2013
- ^ Mohammad Sharif Khan and Mohammad Anwar Saleem, Muslim Philosophy And Philosophers, pg. 34. New Delhi: Ashish Publishing House, 1994.
- ^ [2][8][9][10][11]
- ^ Dr. Mohammad Omar Farooq, The Riba-Interest Equivalence Diarkibkan 12 Mac 2012 di Wayback Machine, June 2006
Pautan luar
sunting- Imam Daud al-Zahiri dan Kesannya (Arabic)
Templat:KullabiTemplat:Zahiri scholarsTemplat:Islamic Theology